Pupils perform programming operations under the guidance of teachers. Photo by Zheng Jiawei

　　BEIJING, Beijing, December 22 (Zheng Jiawei) "Programming education is not to cultivate code farmers, but to cultivate students’ programming ability, and the most important thing is the process, which trains the way of thinking in the process of presenting logical thinking and finally solves practical problems in life." Dr. Yu Xiaoya, a professor at Beijing Institute of Education, said.

　　On the 21st, an observation activity and seminar on innovative classroom teaching of programming education in primary and secondary schools was held in Beijing. On the day of the meeting, teachers from all over the country gathered in the No.1 Primary School of Exhibition Road, Xicheng District, Beijing to observe the programming demonstration class provided by the No.1 Primary School of Exhibition Road, and discuss how to further cultivate students’ innovative thinking and practical ability after the course.

　　In the demonstration class, under the guidance of the teacher, the students in Grade 5 of the primary school used the programming cat tool to complete the animation production and the programming of the voice-activated lighting system, respectively. Many students said that they liked the hands-on operation in class very much and wanted to continue to play programming when they got home.

　　Guan Jiying, one of the two teachers who participated in the demonstration class, was responsible for teaching the programming of acoustic control lighting system. After the students finished the basic programming of acoustic control system, she further inspired the students to think about the practical application of acoustic control system, and finally guided the students to program the noise indicator system. When the surrounding voices were normal, the green light turned on, but when the voice was too loud, it turned red.

　　On July 8th, this year, the State Council issued the Development Plan of the New Generation of Artificial Intelligence, specifically proposing to implement the national intelligence education project, set artificial intelligence related courses in primary and secondary schools, gradually promote programming education, and encourage social forces to participate in the development and promotion of educational programming teaching software and games.

　　Zhu Hui, a researcher in Xicheng District, Beijing, said in an interview with Zhongxin.com that although the State Council issued a notice to add programming to the classrooms of primary and secondary schools, schools still need to choose appropriate programming tools in the actual operation process to make this requirement a reality.

　　According to Zhu Hui, programming education in Xicheng District has always been in the forefront of Beijing. From the first computer elective course in 1982 to the graphical programming language education with "programming cats", it has always focused on cultivating students’ procedural thinking and solving problems in real life. (End)

　　A few days ago, the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) voted to completely ban illegal wildlife trade, get rid of the bad habit of eating wild animals, and effectively protect people’s lives, health and safety.

　　This decision is obviously closely related to the COVID-19 epidemic. So, what is the relationship between Covid-19 transmission and wildlife?

　　Let’s sort out the recent related scientific research results.

　　On February 24th, a piece of news caught people’s attention. The National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) voted to pass a decision on completely banning illegal wildlife trade, getting rid of the bad habit of eating wild animals, and effectively protecting people’s lives, health and safety. A system of completely prohibiting the consumption of wild animals has been established. In violation of the existing laws and regulations, the punishment should be aggravated on the basis of the existing laws.

　　At present, under the situation that the whole country is playing chess and fighting against the COVID-19 epidemic, this decision is obviously closely related to the COVID-19 epidemic.

　　Bats may be the source of Covid-19.

　　Humans are no strangers to infectious diseases caused by coronavirus. The SARS coronavirus, which was prevalent in winter of 2002 to 2003, was confirmed to have originated from the natural host bat, passed through the intermediate host civet cats and then passed on to humans. MERS coronavirus discovered in 2012, namely Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, was also considered to have originated from natural host bats and spread to humans through intermediate host camels.

　　Since the winter of 2019, novel coronavirus, whose infection scale far exceeds that of SARS and MERS, has been transmitted to human beings through what channels?

　　Because of the lessons of SARS and MERS, scientists naturally set their sights on bats first.

　　Shi Zhengli’s team from Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences published a paper in the form of preprint on bioRxiv website on January 23rd, and this paper was published online by the top academic journal Nature on February 3rd. In this paper, the research team compared the novel coronavirus genome extracted from patients with severe pneumonia with the coronavirus gene sequence carried by a bat in the early laboratory, and found that the whole genome sequence of RaTG13 coronavirus in this bat was as consistent as 96.2% with novel coronavirus infected by human.

　　This means that the natural host of Wuhan novel coronavirus is probably a bat!

　　RaTG13, a virus closely related to bats, is the ancestral virus of novel coronavirus, which is derived from a coronavirus of China Jutoubat, which was discovered by Shi Zhengli’s team when sampling in Yunnan.

　　Moreover, novel coronavirus’s infection with humans needs to go through the pathway of ACE2 receptor. The similarity between the ACE2 receptor of China Jutous Bat and the human ACE2 receptor is consistent with the potential intermediate host other than other non-human primates. This shows that novel coronavirus, from bat virus to human infection, may not need an intermediate host, but can directly infect humans from bats.

　　In China, the hibernation period of bats is from December to late February. At first, people thought that the virus began to spread at the end of December last year, so the possibility of direct transmission from bats to people was ruled out. However, with more and more retrospective case studies, people found that novel coronavirus had been passed on to people as early as last November. Then, it is possible to pass it directly from bats to people.

　　For example, in a paper published on the website of ChinaXiv on February 21st, researchers from Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden of China Academy of Sciences, South China Agricultural University and Beijing Brain Center excavated the source and transmission path of Covid-19 from genome data. The researchers collected 93 genome data of novel coronavirus from 12 countries in 4 continents. According to the genome calculation, Covid-19 has undergone two large-scale expansions, one of which was on December 8, 2019.

　　It is inferred that the virus began to spread from person to person at least in early December 2019 or even in late November. Obviously, the virus should be transmitted from animals to people before human transmission. In other words, Covid-19 will be transmitted from animal hosts to humans no later than November 2019.

　　Pangolin may be the intermediate host of Covid-19.

　　At present, the academic circles still accept the conclusion that Covid-19 originated from bats and bats are its natural hosts, but there is no conclusion as to whether Covid-19 directly passed from bats to humans.

　　Many of the early cases of Covid-19 were related to the South China Seafood Market in Wuhan, Hubei Province, where there were a lot of wildlife transactions. China Center for Disease Control and Prevention also reported that Covid-19 was detected in environmental samples obtained from this market. More than 10 years ago, a similar wildlife market has been proved to be related to the SARS outbreak in 2002-2003, so wild animals probably participated in the spread of Covid-19.

　　At present, many scientists are looking for intermediate hosts in Covid-19, among which pangolin is the most likely candidate animal for intermediate hosts in Covid-19.

　　Among the papers speculating that pangolin is an intermediate host, two papers are most worthy of attention at present.

　　On February 18th, Professor Guan Yi from the School of Medicine of Hong Kong University and Hu Yanling from Guangxi Medical University published a paper on bioRxiv, a pre-printed website of medical papers, saying that genome sequencing showed that coronavirus was found in Malay pangolins smuggled from Southeast Asia intercepted in Guangdong and Guangxi, and the similarity with Covid-19 was between 85.5% and 92.4%. The paper holds that the coronavirus pedigrees found in pangolin are very similar to those in Covid-19, and pangolin should be regarded as a possible intermediate host in Covid-19, and it should be forbidden to be sold in fresh markets to prevent the spread of zoonotic diseases.

　　It was South China Agricultural University that first proposed that Malayan pangolin was an intermediate host. On February 7th, South China Agricultural University announced this research result: Pangolin is a potential intermediate host in novel coronavirus. Researchers from South China Agricultural University, such as Shen Yongyi and Xiao Lihua, joined hands with Yang Ruifu, a researcher from the Academy of Military Medicine, and Chen Wu, a senior veterinarian from the Scientific Research Department of Guangzhou Zoo to tackle the problem. By analyzing the virus genome, they found that the virus strain isolated from pangolin was 99% similar to the virus strain currently infecting people, and the receptor binding domains of the two viruses were similar.

　　In the preprint of the paper published later, they claimed that pangolin coronavirus was highly related to Covid-19. In particular, the receptor binding domain of pangolin coronavirus S protein is almost the same as that of novel coronavirus in 2019, with only one amino acid difference.

　　The paper also puts forward important serological evidence, that is, the coronavirus antibody in pangolin’s peripheral blood can bind to Covid-19. Moreover, pangolin infected by virus shows pathological changes and clinical symptoms similar to those of human beings.

　　In this paper, the author also boldly infers that the comparison of existing genomes shows that novel coronavirus in 2019 may have originated from the recombination of pangolin coronavirus and bat coronavirus RaTG13.

　　The paper also said that if the wildlife trade is not effectively controlled, the newly discovered coronavirus may pose a continuous threat to public health.

　　Wild animals are virus reservoirs.

　　What changes did novel coronavirus go through before it was brought into Wuhan and broke out in the crowd?

　　According to the evidence that scientists are looking for now, it may have originated from bats and spread directly to humans; It may also originate from the recombination of bat coronavirus and pangolin coronavirus, and then spread to humans through pangolin.

　　But to be sure, this is not the first or the last virus transmitted from animals to humans. In just 20 years of this century, there have been three kinds of new coronavirus epidemics: SARS, MERS and novel coronavirus.

　　In fact, it is not only the SARS virus and Covid-19 that have caused great losses to our country that are closely related to wildlife. Wild animals are the natural hosts of many serious emerging diseases. Statistics show that at present, 70% of new infectious diseases come from wild animals.

　　For example, natural reservoir, a bat that attracts much attention, has more than 100 kinds of viruses. They can carry many deadly viruses that are very dangerous to people, such as Ebola virus, Marburg virus, SARS virus, MERS coronavirus, Hendra virus and Nipah virus, but they don’t get sick themselves. This may be related to bat’s unique "all-weather" immune system.

　　"We all live on the virus planet, and wild animals are the reservoirs of these viruses." Nathan Wolf, Ph.D. in immunology and infectious diseases at Harvard University, once said this in "The Virus Attacks: How to Deal with the Outbreak of the Next Epidemic".

　　In our country, people have the backward concept of "eat what you eat to make up for what you eat", and there is also the mentality of eating novelty. All kinds of game are served on the table, and all kinds of wildlife trade are repeatedly banned. These invisible dangerous viruses will mutate in various trading links of wild animals and break through the species barrier — — From animal infectious diseases to human infectious diseases. With the increase of population density, the continuous progress of urbanization and the continuous improvement of the convenience of the national transportation network, once the relevant epidemic situation occurs, it will easily turn into a huge disaster and cause huge losses.

　　Although the relevant law enforcement agencies in China have made a series of achievements in prohibiting illegal hunting, breeding, transportation, trading and smuggling of wild animals, due to the lack of ideas and weak market supervision, there are still chaos such as openly selling wild animals and their products, and illegal hunting, transportation and trading of wild animals for the purpose of eating. However, the current Criminal Law and the Wildlife Protection Law lack or are insufficient in provisions on the consumption of wild animals, and the scope and intensity of sanctions are very limited.

　　We expect that, after the passage of the relevant bills banning the consumption of wild animals in an all-round way and severely cracking down on illegal wildlife trading, we will strengthen law enforcement in order to safeguard public health safety and ecological safety legally and in compliance, and prevent the recurrence of epidemics such as SARS and novel coronavirus.

　　Respecting nature, adapting to nature and protecting nature, and making "protecting wild animals and guarding against cross-species transmission of viruses" become the idea of each of us, which is the lesson we should learn from this novel coronavirus epidemic.

What’s your first reaction when you mention Shijiazhuang?

Xibaipo, industrial city, drug capital, Zhengding County, Zhao Zhouqiao … Different people may give different answers.

In recent years, Shijiazhuang has a young, dynamic and energetic business card, which is being known by more and more people-"Rock Home Town Rock City".

"Zhuang" is burning and hi.

On the stage, Miserable Faith, the lead singer, shouted "Shijiazhuang", and the fans in the audience responded to "Rock and Roll" in unison, and repeated several times to push the atmosphere to a climax. This is the scene at the end of Hutuo Music Festival on October 15, 2023. Even though the lights have been extinguished, the audience still refuses to disperse. The author stood among tens of thousands of people, infected by this atmosphere, and shouted "Shijiazhuang!" "Rock and roll!"

Nearly a year later, this music festival, with an audience of 62,000 and foreign fans accounting for 70%, is still talked about by people.

Looking back on 2023, Shijiazhuang invited more than 130 famous rock bands to perform more than 100 rock music performances for the benefit of the people, attracting more than 1 million fans. Many large-scale music performances such as Shijiazhuang Original Music Festival, Hutuo Music Carnival and Hutuo Music Festival brought audio-visual feasts to fans.

In 2024, Shijiazhuang Rock will continue!

In front of long summer this year, the performance of "Passionate Summer Night" kicked off at the Wanli Temple Pedestrian Street in Shijiazhuang. "Friends of Shijiazhuang, are you ready?" "Ready!"

"I really look forward to it for a long time and feel very excited." Liu Yilin, a college student, said, "I have brushed a lot of videos of Shijiazhuang rock music performance season before, and I feel particularly burning and embarrassed. I finally came to the scene, and this impact is stronger."

"I love rock music! I love Shijiazhuang! " On May 4th, 2024 Shijiazhuang Original Music Festival kicked off in Shijiazhuang Industrial Heritage Park, and the Melody Band made a passionate debut, and the dynamic melody instantly mobilized the atmosphere of the audience. Xiaoyu band blended flute and guzheng into rock music, and the audience lamented that "rock music can still be played like this". Relativity Band and Hanggai band made their final appearance, which pushed the atmosphere to a climax. In this ruins park with the style of "Cyberpunk", rock lights up the night sky.

On the evening of August 3rd, the lights were colorful, the music was dynamic, the stage was gorgeous, and the fluorescence was flashing. The rock music performance "Between Mountains and Waters" was performed in the Fanpai Sports Park in Yuanshi County, Shijiazhuang, and the wharf French fries band and the shining band took turns to appear. The songs such as "Sudden Self", "Train Diary" and "Anti-war" triggered the chorus of the audience.

It’s more than that. In Xinle City, Jingxing County, Shijiazhuang, in characteristic commercial districts, summer beer gardens and commercial complexes, multi-point and continuous rock performances are on the scene. From the end of April to September this year, Shijiazhuang plans to organize 80 performances of "Passionate Summer Night" and "Weekend Lawn" in five districts of the city; From the end of April to October, 120 performances between mountains and rivers were organized in scenic spots, campsites, self-driving RV camps, county-level characteristic commercial streets and night economic gathering areas.

"Through three forms: weekend lawn, passionate summer night and mountains and rivers, Shijiazhuang has made rock music performances for the benefit of the people into open green spaces, parks, characteristic commercial blocks, commercial complexes and scenic spots, cultivated new cultural consumption formats, and further enriched people’s cultural life." Han Zhenmin, deputy director of Shijiazhuang Municipal Bureau of Culture, Radio, Film and Tourism, introduced strawberry music festival and new youth rock music festival to unlock the new mode of "music+cultural travel" and expand the new experience of people’s cultural life.

Why Shijiazhuang?

"I got off work at 6 o’clock in the evening, changed my clothes in the pharmaceutical factory, my wife was cooking porridge, and I went to drink a few bottles of beer." "The high school attached to Hebei Normal University, the table tennis teenager turned his back on me, silently watched, and couldn’t leave the classroom."

Omnipotent youth society Band was born in Shijiazhuang, and its songs are also sung in Shijiazhuang. The narrative style and singing method make this song always have a high degree of singing.

When Shijiazhuang showed its "Rock Home Town" business card, it was also questioned: Why is Shijiazhuang a rock city?

From the perspective of development, Popular Songs, dubbed as "the first issue of Chinese rock", was born in Shijiazhuang in 1986, and since then, I love rock music was born here. Music critic Red Tide once said in commemoration of the 20th anniversary of the publication of Popular Songs: The position of this pamphlet in the Chinese rock music scene is equivalent to the nine-year compulsory education of rock music, which has made great contributions to the enlightenment and popularization of rock music.

The rich rock soil has produced many famous rock musicians in Shijiazhuang. In addition, there are dozens of rock bands active in Shijiazhuang all the year round. Besides omnipotent youth society, Click#15 and Penicillin also have deep roots with Shijiazhuang.

"The audience in Shijiazhuang is very enthusiastic, and the rock atmosphere in this city is great!" Shao Zhuang, the lead singer of Relativity Band, is a native of Shijiazhuang and has been engaged in rock music for more than 20 years. He said: "Shijiazhuang is closely related to rock music, and many excellent bands have emerged here. Now Shijiazhuang is vigorously building a’ rock city’, and we musicians also very much hope to contribute to our hometown. "

The strong support of Shijiazhuang Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government is also an important factor. In 2021, the work report of the municipal government proposed to create a new fashion of modern music with "Rock Home Town" as a unique brand. In the government work report of 2024, it was proposed that the IP of two major cities of "music" and "sports" should be continuously built, and the seven aspects of "people, music, teams, instruments, venues, meetings and standards" should be exerted, and music training, musical instrument rental and sales, theater performances and other formats should be concentrated in Heping East Road area; Invite internationally renowned bands to hold rock music season regularly and polish the brand of "Rock Home Town".

Not just rock and roll.

What has the Rock City brought to Shijiazhuang?

Show charm. Doing a good job in "Rock+"articles and deeply integrating catering, cultural tourism, shopping and other diversified formats, Shijiazhuang has planned and launched a series of measures to promote the integration and consumption of cultural tourism, such as subway delay, bus line, rock gift package and scenic spot discount. "The realization of rock elements all over the city, rock images can be seen everywhere, and the topic of rock is constantly hot, which has aroused widespread concern and deep resonance in the whole society." Zhang Hui, Party Secretary of Shijiazhuang Municipal Bureau of Culture, Radio, Film and Tourism, said that it is necessary to create a strong atmosphere of Shijiazhuang’s "Rock Home Town" in China, highlight the brand concept, brand value and brand image of Shijiazhuang’s "Rock City", and make Shijiazhuang a charming city integrating music, entertainment, food and tourism.

Gather popularity. According to the data of "Rock Home Town" in 2023-"Rock City" in China, more than 100 music performances attracted more than 1 million people. During the performance season, the night passenger flow of more than 160 enterprises in Shijiazhuang increased significantly, and the night sales accounted for 33% of the whole day’s turnover, up 14% year-on-year.

From the Spring Festival to the May Day holiday, the tourist popularity of Shijiazhuang has steadily increased on the basis of the previous high level, and Zhengding Ancient City has become one of the popular attractions in China.

At the 2023 Hutuo Salon Music Festival Roundtable Dialogue on Industrial Development, experts attending the meeting believed that Shijiazhuang brought music into people’s lives, which not only stimulated the vitality of the city, but also promoted the development of cultural tourism, commerce and other industries.

Promote consumption. Listening to rock and roll, visiting ancient cities and enjoying beautiful scenery have become a must for many fans. "I watched the passionate rock music performance in the evening and came to Zhengding Ancient City to punch in during the day." Liu Xiaodong, a tourist from Guangxi, said that he came for a rock performance, but he didn’t want the local characteristic culture to be very attractive.

During the Strawberry Music Festival in Shijiazhuang and the concert tour in Angela Zhang this year, about 440,000 tourists from other places came to Shijiazhuang, which directly led to the consumption of transportation, accommodation, catering, tourism and shopping of about 240 million yuan.

"Rock T-shirts, rock badges and rock wenchuang ice cream are fans’ favorite’ three-piece sets’. We have designed more than 90 rock element cultural and creative products in 20 categories. " Zhai Kaikuang, general manager of Shijiazhuang Rock City Brand Management Co., Ltd. said that at present, they have set up fixed sales points in Shijiazhuang Liberation Memorial Hall and some hotels, and opened online sales.

Revitalize industries. With the goal of industrialization, the city plans to build Shijiazhuang "Town" series performance space cluster and promote the infrastructure construction of the music industry. We will gradually develop the Shigang Industrial Ruins Park and the Mian Yi Mian Er Lao Factory, and strive to create a music art space integrating exhibition, creation and performance around the industrial elements of "performance".

In addition to tangible results, rock and roll brings Shijiazhuang more promotion of city image and reputation. In the view of Zhang Fan, president of Midi Music School, Shijiazhuang created a new IP of the city by holding a rock music performance season, which enhanced the city’s popularity and reputation, and made a large number of fans come to Shijiazhuang to learn about Shijiazhuang, making the city more dynamic and passionate.

"The music festival with the theme of rock and roll attracted bands and music lovers from all over the country to participate, which enhanced the popularity and influence of Shijiazhuang and injected new vitality into urban development." Zhang Yawen, deputy general manager of Shijiazhuang Wenlv Investment Group Culture and Sports Company, said.

After beginning of autumn, the North China Plain is slightly autumn, but Shijiazhuang Rock is still online, with full firepower to build a "music" city IP, showing a new impression and new symbol of self-confidence, vitality and openness. Once an industrial city, with the help of this new business card of rock and roll, it is moving towards a modern, international and beautiful provincial capital city that is "proud of locals and yearned for by outsiders".

　　China Fund News reporter Wang Ying

　　Overnight, Baidu went on hot search again.

　　Last night, an article "Search Engine Baidu is Dead" published by the media "News Lab" was screened. The article accuses Baidu that more than half of the search results will point to Baidu’s own products, especially Baijiahao. And Baijiahao is full of a lot of marketing and poor quality content, which leads to a sharp decline in the content quality of Baidu search results.

　　Although they come from different media, they are all the media’s hundreds of numbers after clicking, not the media’s own website. For example, the first article of Yicai:

　　According to the statement, many online media either implicitly or explicitly linked the article "Baidu, the search engine, is dead" with the 6.4% decline in Baidu’s stock today. Actually, my article is not that influential.

　　1. Today, Chinese stocks generally fell, and Baidu did not fall the most. For example, Weibo fell by 13.63%.

　　2. According to the analysis of Barron’s (https://www.barrons.com/articles/Baidu-takes-a-beating-on-Citi-price-cut-China-Fears-51548191513), the main reason for Baidu’s decline today is that Citigroup lowered its target price and worried about the increase of marketing expenses.

　　Fang Chengcheng expressed the hope that media friends would not mistakenly establish causality. After all, the original intention of writing that article was to have more accurate information.

　　According to public information, Fang Chengcheng graduated from the School of Journalism and Communication of Peking University, and is now a doctoral candidate at Annenberg School of Communication of the University of Pennsylvania, USA, and a former reporter of Southern Weekend.

　　

Liu Xiaokai

　　　　　 Liu Xiaokai, male, Miao nationality, born in March 1962, is a native of Taijiang, Guizhou Province. He joined the work in September 1983 and joined the Communist Party of China (CPC) in April 1985. He holds a postgraduate degree from the Central Party School and is an engineer.

　　1978.10 Studying welding in department of mechanical engineering, Tsinghua University.

　　In September, 1983, he successively served as the technician of design room, deputy director of steam drum workshop, deputy director of factory office, deputy director of total quality management office and secretary of the Communist Youth League Committee of Guizhou Boiler Factory.

　　1987.06 Deputy Director, Technical Innovation Section, Qiandongnan Economic Commission, Guizhou Province

　　1989.01 Chief, Enterprise Management Section, Qiandongnan Economic Commission, Guizhou Province, and deputy stationmaster of Guizhou New Technology Extension Station.

　　1991.08 Deputy Director of the Economic Commission of Qiandongnan Prefecture, Guizhou Province (during the period: from July 1992 to December 1992, he was appointed as Deputy Secretary of Leishan County Committee of Guizhou Province)

　　1992.12 Secretary of Jianhe County Committee, Guizhou Province (during this period: studied in the youth class of the Central Party School from September 1994 to July 1995)

　　1996.01 Deputy Secretary of Guizhou Provincial Committee of the Communist Youth League, member of the Party Group

　　(1994.09-1997.01, majoring in the history of the Communist Party of China in the on-the-job postgraduate class of the Central Party School)

　　1997.06 Deputy Secretary of Guizhou Qiandongnan State Committee

　　1998.03 Deputy Secretary, Deputy Governor and Acting Governor of Qiandongnan Prefecture Committee of Guizhou Province

　　1998.04 Deputy Secretary and Governor of Qiandongnan Prefecture Committee of Guizhou Province

　　2005.02 Deputy Secretary, Deputy Governor and Acting Governor of Qiannan Prefecture Committee of Guizhou Province

　　2005.03 Deputy Secretary and Governor of Qiannan Prefecture Committee of Guizhou Province

　　2006.11 Secretary of Bijie Prefecture Committee of Guizhou Province, First Secretary of Party Committee of Bijie Military Division

　　2008.01 Vice Governor of Guizhou Province, Member of the Party Group of the Provincial Government, Secretary of Bijie Prefecture Committee, First Secretary of the Party Committee of Bijie Military Division

　　2008.05 Vice Governor of Guizhou Province and Member of the Party Group of the Provincial Government

　　2012.04 Member of the Standing Committee of Guizhou Provincial Party Committee, Vice Governor and Party Group of the Provincial Government

　　2012.07 Member of the Standing Committee of Guizhou Provincial Party Committee and Minister of United Front Work Department

　　2018.01 Chairman of Guizhou Provincial Political Consultative Conference, Standing Committee of Provincial Party Committee and Minister of United Front Work Department

　　Alternate member of the 17th Central Committee, alternate member of the 18th Central Committee, alternate member of the 19th Central Committee at the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee. Member of the 12th Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, member of the 9th, 10th, 11th and 12th Guizhou Provincial Committee.

　　(People’s Network information as of January 2018)

　　　　　　There are many users who use Sogou Pinyin Input Method, and some new users don’t understand some functions and operations of Sogou Pinyin Input Method. Today, Xiaobian brings you an introduction to the function and operation of Sogou Pinyin input method, hoping to help you.

　　　　　　Introduction to the Function and Operation of Sogou Pinyin Input Method

　　　　　　1. After entering the names of festivals and solar terms, a warm reminder will appear in the upper right corner of the input box, such as telling you when the Spring Festival is this year.

　　　　　　2. Long sentence association function, which can display the whole sentence content immediately after you enter a few Chinese characters, and is suitable for ancient poems and idioms.

　　　　　　3. Support traditional input function. Press "ctrl+shift+F" or directly switch between traditional and simplified characters on the status bar to input traditional Chinese characters.

　　　　　　4. The Chinese-English mixed input function is more fashionable, and English words can be directly input when inputting Chinese without switching between Chinese and English.

　　　　　　5. You can quickly insert a date, and you can insert today’s date only by entering "Date" or "rq".

　　　　　　6. The mispronounced prompt function can correct you when you enter the wrong pinyin, and it will also display the correct vocabulary, as follows

　　　　　　7. Enter the emoji, click Properties-Advanced-Custom Phrase-Add New Definition, and then you can set it.

　　　　　　8. The split input function is very practical, and you can easily input words you don’t know, as follows.

　　　　　　9, convenient weather, constellation query, as long as you enter "weather" or "tq", you can see the local weather on the day in the input box.

　　　　　　10. The common symbol input function will display "& radical;" when "Pair" is input. Symbol, if you enter "triangle", the "△" symbol will appear, and if you enter "lying gun", the funny "_ (:з"∠ )_”

　　　　　　11. The basic method of sogou input method is to right-click the input method status bar and select "Change Skin".

　　　　　　After reading the detailed function introduction of Sogou Pinyin input method mentioned above, do you all understand it?

Press conference video

　　At 15: 00 on December 29, 2023, the Information Office of the Provincial Government held a press conference on the Measures for Implementing the Land Administration Law of the People’s Republic of China in Henan Province.

　　Release content:Introduction and interpretation of the "Implementation in Henan Province"〈the land administration law of the people’s republic of china〉Measures ",and answer questions from reporters.

　　Published by:

　　Wang Xinmin Provincial People’s Congress Legal Committee Vice Chairman

　　Zhang Chuanhui, Chief Planner, Provincial Department of Natural Resources

　　Director, Economic and Ecological Legislation Division, Justice Department of Li Dake Province

　　Director, Regulations Division, Department of Natural Resources, Shenhui Province

　　Niu Suling, Second Inspector of Propaganda Department of Provincial Party Committee

　　Ladies and gentlemen, friends from the press,

　　Hello everyone! Welcome to the press conference held by the Information Office of Henan Provincial People’s Government.

　　In order to strengthen land management and promote high-quality economic and social development, the Measures for the Implementation of the Land Management Law of the People’s Republic of China in Henan Province, which was deliberated and adopted at the sixth meeting of the 14th Provincial People’s Congress Standing Committee, will be officially implemented on January 1, 2024. In order to do a good job in the publicity and interpretation of the Implementation Measures and respond to social concerns in a timely manner, we are here today to hold a press conference to introduce the relevant situation of the revision of the Implementation Measures and answer media concerns.

　　First of all, let me introduce the publisher who attended today’s press conference:

　　Mr. Wang Xinmin, Vice Chairman of the Legal Committee of the Provincial People’s Congress;

　　Mr. Zhang Chuanhui, Chief Planner of Provincial Department of Natural Resources;

　　Mr. Li Dake, Director of Economic and Ecological Legislation Division of Provincial Justice Department;

　　Mr. Shen Hui, Director of Regulations Department of Provincial Department of Natural Resources.

　　Now, please let Director Wang Xinmin make the announcement.

　　Wang Xinmin, Deputy Director of the Legal Committee of the Provincial People’s Congress

　　Ladies and gentlemen, friends from the media,

　　On November 30, 2023, the Sixth Session of the Standing Committee of the 14th Provincial People’s Congress deliberated and adopted the Measures for the Implementation of the Land Administration Law of the People’s Republic of China in Henan Province (hereinafter referred to as the "Implementation Measures"), which will take effect on January 1, 2024. Today, we hold a press conference here to better promote the whole society to seriously study and implement the Implementation Measures. Let me briefly introduce to you the significance, legislative process, guiding ideology and main contents of the revision of the Implementation Measures.

　　I. Significance of the revision of the Implementation Measures

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that the land system is the basic system of the country. The CPC Central Committee, the State Council, the provincial party committee and the provincial government have always attached great importance to land management, and made a series of major reforms and arrangements for deepening rural land reform and strengthening land management. The Land Administration Law of the People’s Republic of China, revised in 2019 and 2021 respectively, and its implementing regulations have been greatly adjusted in terms of land space planning, farmland protection, land expropriation and land use approval. The "Implementation Measures" implemented in our province in 1999 has not adapted to the needs of reform, nor does it conform to the development reality of our province, and it can not effectively link up the superior law. Therefore, in order to implement the spirit of the land reform of the Central Committee and the Provincial Party Committee, and to implement the provisions of the detailed superior law, it is necessary to fix the mature practices in land management in our province in recent years in the form of legislation and comprehensively revise the original "Implementation Measures".

　　Second, the legislative process

　　At the beginning of 2023, the Standing Committee of the Provincial People’s Congress included the revision of the Implementation Measures in the deliberation items of the legislative plan. According to the legislative plan, the Provincial Department of Natural Resources is responsible for drafting the "Implementation Measures (Revised Draft)" and conducting system integrity assessment and social stability risk assessment. Afterwards, according to the legislative procedure, the Provincial Department of Justice reviewed and revised the "Implementation Measures (Draft)", solicited the opinions of relevant units and the public, visited Fujian and Jiangxi successively, and investigated in Luoyang and Sanmenxia, and invited relevant experts from the Provincial High Court and Zhengzhou University to participate in the discussion, fully listening to the opinions and suggestions of relevant parties. On May 22, 2023, the seventh executive meeting of the provincial government discussed and adopted the Implementation Measures (Revised Draft), and then submitted it to the Standing Committee of the Provincial People’s Congress, and the Environmental Protection Committee of the Provincial People’s Congress undertook the preliminary examination. In June, Liu Nanchang, deputy director of the Standing Committee of the Provincial People’s Congress, led a team and went to Anyang, Pingdingshan and other cities to conduct field research and solicit opinions. In late July, the fourth meeting of the Standing Committee of the 14th Provincial People’s Congress deliberated the Implementation Measures (Revised Draft) for the first time.

　　After the first trial, the Legal Affairs Committee organized the Provincial Department of Natural Resources and relevant legislative experts to conduct legislative research in Xuchang City, and studied and revised the Implementation Measures (Revised Draft) one by one according to the deliberation opinions of the members of the Standing Committee; At the same time, comrades familiar with land management business from local natural resources bureau and township grass-roots units are invited to participate in the whole process of research and discussion. After that, the revised "Implementation Measures (Revised Draft)" was sent to relevant provincial units, municipal people’s congress standing committees, grassroots legislative contact points, legislative bases, etc. At the same time, it went to Zhoukou, Hebi, Xinxiang and other places to carry out legislative research, and organized relevant government departments, deputies to the National People’s Congress and grassroots cadres in townships (towns) to hold symposiums to listen to opinions from all sides. In early October, I went to Hebei Province to study and inspect the experience of land legislation. In early November, the Legal Affairs Committee, together with the relevant responsible comrades and legislative experts of the Provincial Department of Justice and the Department of Natural Resources, studied and revised the Implementation Measures (Revised Draft) according to the feedback from all sides.

　　On November 15th, the Legal Affairs Committee held a plenary meeting to review the Implementation Measures (Revised Draft) one by one, and formed the Implementation Measures (Revised Draft) (reviewed and revised draft); Relevant responsible comrades of the Environmental Protection Committee of the Provincial People’s Congress, the Provincial Department of Justice and the Provincial Department of Natural Resources attended the meeting as nonvoting delegates. On November 20th, the Legal Affairs Committee reported the revision of the Implementation Measures (Revised Draft) to the directors’ meeting, and revised it according to the opinions of the directors’ meeting. The directors’ meeting decided to submit it to the Sixth Standing Committee of the 14th Provincial People’s Congress for deliberation. On November 30th, the Standing Committee deliberated and adopted the Measures for Implementing the Land Management Law of the People’s Republic of China in Henan Province.

　　Third, the guiding ideology of legislation

　　In the process of legislation, we have determined the following guiding ideology: First, adhere to the problem orientation, focus on the problems existing in land management in our province, such as irregular land acquisition procedures and unclear responsibilities of homestead management, and link up with the superior law through specific and detailed provisions to enhance the pertinence, applicability and operability of legislation. The second is to serve the national strategy, keep in mind that food security is the "big country", implement the hard measures of farmland protection from the legislative level, strengthen the special protection of permanent basic farmland, and resolutely shoulder the political responsibility of food security. Third, earnestly safeguard farmers’ rights and interests, further refine the procedures of land expropriation, smooth the channels of public participation in land expropriation, safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of landless farmers, meet the reasonable needs of farmers’ homesteads, and realize legislation for the people. The fourth is to implement the strictest system of saving and intensive land use, promote the improvement of land use and management methods through legislation, and move from extensive land use to saving and intensive land use, so as to solve the current problem of prominent contradiction between land supply and demand.

　　IV. Main contents of the Measures for Implementation

　　The Implementation Measures consists of eight chapters and seventy-four articles, which are divided into general principles, land spatial planning, farmland protection, agricultural land conversion and expropriation, construction land management, supervision and inspection, legal responsibilities and supplementary provisions. Below, I will briefly introduce the main contents of the "Implementation Measures".

　　(a) on the land space planning. Focusing on the urgent needs of land management, the "Implementation Measures" set up a chapter on land spatial planning according to the spirit of relevant documents of the Central Committee and the Provincial Party Committee. Article 9 stipulates that people’s governments at all levels shall prepare land spatial planning according to law, and clarifies the legal status and effectiveness of land spatial planning. Articles 10 to 13 make detailed provisions on the principles, subjects, procedures and approval authority of the overall planning, detailed planning and special planning of land and space, highlighting the leading role and rigid constraint role of land and space planning.

　　(2) On the protection of cultivated land. Our province is a big agricultural province, and it is a major political task to strictly protect the red line of cultivated land and permanent basic farmland and ensure national food security. The "Implementation Measures" thoroughly implemented the spirit of the important instructions of the important speech of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on strengthening farmland protection, adhered to the strictest farmland protection system, strictly adhered to the red line of farmland protection and the bottom line of food security, and provided a strong legal guarantee for farmland protection in our province. First, the balance system of cultivated land occupation and compensation has been clarified, and it is stipulated that people’s governments at all levels should unify all kinds of occupation of cultivated land into the balance management of occupation and compensation, adhere to the principle of making up the occupation, accounting for one, making up for one, and making up for the superior, and improve the quality acceptance system of supplementary cultivated land. Second, the special protection system for permanent basic farmland is stipulated. According to the land management law and the relevant prohibition regulations of the central government, five acts prohibiting the occupation of permanent basic farmland are clarified in Article 20, which further strengthens the strict protection of permanent basic farmland. Third, from the perspective of optimizing and revitalizing land resources, encourage rural land ownership, contracting rights and management rights to be separated and parallel, and promote moderate scale operation of agriculture. In addition, it also stipulates the incentive mechanism for comprehensive land improvement, land reclamation and cultivated land protection.

　　(3) About land expropriation. The "Implementation Measures" focus on safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of land-expropriated farmers and compact the responsibilities of the people’s governments at the city and county levels who apply for land acquisition. First, the procedures of land expropriation have been refined, and the procedures such as pre-announcement of land expropriation, investigation of land status, risk assessment of social stability, preparation of land expropriation compensation and resettlement plan, and signing of land expropriation compensation and resettlement agreement have been further clarified. The second is to protect the legitimate rights and interests of rural villagers whose houses are expropriated. It is clear that the rural villagers’ wishes should be respected in accordance with the principle of compensation before relocation and improvement of living conditions, and fair and reasonable compensation should be given by rearranging housing sites, providing resettlement houses or monetary compensation, and the compensation standards and relocation and temporary resettlement fees should be clarified to minimize disputes and disputes in land expropriation and protect the legitimate rights and interests of the people.

　　(four) on the management of construction land. The "Implementation Measures" adhere to the principle of economical and intensive land use, implement the spirit of "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" reform, and further improve the quality of construction land management and the efficiency of examination and approval. First, the direction of land conservation and intensive use is clarified, and it is stipulated that if construction projects need to use land, priority should be given to the use of existing construction land, new technologies and models for land conservation and intensive use should be encouraged to improve the efficiency of construction land use, and at the same time, local land control standards should be formulated in light of actual conditions. Second, it is clear that the examination and approval of construction projects should be based on the reform requirements of the examination and approval system, and information sharing and parallel examination and approval should be adopted to improve the efficiency of land use examination and approval. The third is to stipulate that the people’s government at the county level should guarantee the demand for land for rural industries and public welfare undertakings according to law, and make it clear that the construction land index should be tilted towards rural development, coordinate urban and rural development, and help rural revitalization. The fourth is to improve the application and approval procedures for rural homesteads and encourage the active use of idle homesteads.

　　The promulgation of the "Implementation Measures" has solved the problem of having laws to follow, but the vitality and authority of the law lies in implementation. We still have a lot of work to do to put the "Implementation Measures" into practice comprehensively and accurately and really play its role. Land management involves a wide range and has high social concern, which requires the active cooperation and concerted efforts of all levels and departments in the province to form the greatest synergy. It is hoped that all relevant departments involved in the "Implementation Measures" will strictly follow the law and carefully sort out their legal responsibilities, especially to formulate and improve policies and measures that are compatible with the "Implementation Measures", such as the management measures for protected agricultural land, rural production road land, and the minimum compensation standards for ground attachments and young crops. The National People’s Congress will also pay close attention to the effect of the implementation of the Implementation Measures, organize and carry out supervision work such as law enforcement inspection, special inquiry and special investigation in a targeted manner, and follow up the new situations and new problems arising in the implementation of the Implementation Measures. It is hoped that we can innovate publicity methods, broaden publicity channels, expand the awareness and influence of the Implementation Measures, create a good atmosphere for the whole society to care for and support the implementation of the Implementation Measures, and jointly promote the implementation of the Implementation Measures to achieve better results! Thank you!

　　Niu Suling, Second Inspector of Propaganda Department of Provincial Party Committee

　　Thank you, Director Wang, for your comprehensive and detailed release! Next, please ask reporters and friends to ask questions about the content of this conference. Please inform your news organization before asking questions.

　　Top journalist

　　Land resources are related to the high-quality development of economy and society and the long-term interests of the country. At present, our province has anchored the "two guarantees" and implemented the "ten strategies", and the demand for construction land in various industries continues to be strong, but the contradiction between land supply and demand is still outstanding. Excuse me, how is the work of saving and intensive land use arranged in our province? What are the specific requirements? Thank you.

　　Zhang Chuanhui, Chief Planner of Provincial Department of Natural Resources

　　Thank you for your question. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has attached great importance to land management, and the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has repeatedly given important instructions on saving and intensive land use. Our province is a big economic province, a big population province and a big agricultural province, and there is a serious shortage of cultivated land reserve resources. However, the average GDP per mu of construction land in our province is lower than the national average, and the gap with advanced provinces such as Jiangsu and Zhejiang is even greater. In order to achieve the goal of "two guarantees", promote the practice of Chinese modernization in Henan Province, and make good use of every inch of land economically and intensively is the only way out. The provincial people’s congress, the provincial party committee and the provincial government attach great importance to the implementation of cherishing and rationally utilizing land, implementing the strictest system of economical and intensive land use, and effectively solving the problems of extensive land use and waste. In the Implementation Measures, the level of economical and intensive land use in our province is further improved, and detailed provisions are made in various chapters.

　　First, the principles are clearly defined in the general rules. Combined with the present situation of land use in our province, in the Implementation Measures, it is clear that people’s governments at all levels should implement the strictest system of economical and intensive land use, insist on framing the total amount, limiting the capacity, revitalizing the stock, improving the quality, carrying out economical and intensive land use activities, strictly implementing the national land use control standards, formulating local land use control standards according to law, and carrying out economical and intensive land use evaluation to improve land use efficiency.

　　Second, clearly optimize the land spatial pattern. In Article 10, it is clear that the land spatial planning should include the land spatial development and protection pattern and the planning land layout, structure, use control requirements, etc., clear the requirements such as the amount of cultivated land, the scale of construction land, the scope of land reclamation prohibition and the upper limit of water resources utilization, coordinate the land layout of production and living facilities, infrastructure and public facilities, comprehensively utilize the above-ground and underground space, reasonably determine and strictly control the scale of new construction land, improve the level of land conservation and intensive utilization, and ensure the sustainable use of land.

　　Third, it is stipulated to carry out comprehensive land improvement, which is a platform for exercising all the duties of land use control and ecological protection and restoration, and implementing land spatial planning. In order to give full play to the positive role of comprehensive land improvement, Article 26 of the Implementation Measures stipulates that the county (city, district) and township people’s governments should organize comprehensive land improvement such as agricultural land consolidation, construction land consolidation, unused land development, industrial and mining wasteland left over from history and land reclamation damaged by natural disasters according to the national spatial planning, so as to improve the quality of cultivated land, increase the effective cultivated land area and promote the economical and intensive use of land; And encourage social subjects to participate in comprehensive land improvement according to law.

　　Fourth, it is important to improve the efficiency of construction land. Article 48 stipulates that if a construction project needs to use land, it should conform to the requirements of national spatial planning, annual land use plan and use control, as well as resource conservation and ecological environment protection, give priority to the use of existing construction land, and encourage the adoption of new technologies and models for economical and intensive land use. By adding the clause of "encouraging the formulation of local land use control standards", the relevant principles of "the design, construction and approval of construction land for construction projects" are made, and measures such as the requirements for conducting a general survey of construction land use are put forward to strengthen the work of saving and intensive land use.

　　Fifth, it is stipulated that the demand for homestead should be reasonably guaranteed, and the people’s governments at or above the county level should arrange construction land indicators in accordance with state regulations to reasonably guarantee the demand for rural villagers’ homestead. County (city, district), township land space planning and village planning should consider the production and living needs of rural villagers, highlighting the direction of saving and intensive land use. thank you

　　People’s Daily People’s Daily reporter

　　It is a major political task to strictly protect the red line of cultivated land and permanent basic farmland and ensure national food security. Please tell us about the measures for the protection of cultivated land and permanent basic farmland in the Implementation Measures. Thank you.

　　Zhang Chuanhui, Chief Planner of Provincial Department of Natural Resources

　　Thank you for your question. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has repeatedly stressed the importance and urgency of farmland protection, and pointed out that it is necessary to hold on to the lifeblood of farmland and resolutely rectify illegal acts of occupying and destroying farmland. In order to thoroughly implement the important instructions of the important speech of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on strengthening farmland protection, the Implementation Measures adhere to the strictest farmland protection system, strictly abide by the red line of farmland protection and the bottom line of food security, and provide a strong legal guarantee for farmland protection in our province.

　　First, implement the responsibility system for cultivated land protection. In Article 16, people’s governments at all levels are stipulated to take overall responsibility for the protection of cultivated land within their respective administrative areas, implement the tasks of protecting cultivated land and permanent basic farmland clearly defined in the national spatial plan, strengthen the control of cultivated land planting purposes, control the conversion of cultivated land into non-cultivated land, and keep the red line of cultivated land protection and the bottom line of food security to ensure that the total amount of cultivated land and permanent basic farmland within their respective administrative areas will not decrease and the quality will be improved; It also requires the people’s governments at or above the county level to assess the implementation of the target of farmland protection responsibility of the people’s government at the next lower level every year.

　　The second is to implement the balance system of cultivated land occupation and compensation. According to the actual situation in our province, Article 17 stipulates that the compensation system for occupied cultivated land shall be implemented according to law. People’s governments at all levels shall implement the system of balance between occupation and compensation of cultivated land, unify all kinds of occupation of cultivated land into the management of balance between occupation and compensation, adhere to the principle of making up the occupation, accounting for one supplement, and taking advantage of the advantages and advantages, improve the quality acceptance system of supplementary cultivated land, and implement the compensation system for occupation of cultivated land according to law; If the balance of occupation and compensation cannot be achieved within the county-level administrative area, the cultivated land index can be supplemented by market-oriented cross-regional adjustment.

　　The third is to clarify the target of cultivated land, further strengthen the control of "non-agricultural" and "non-grain" of cultivated land, and adhere to "equal emphasis on quantity and quality". In Article 18, it is stipulated that people’s governments at all levels should strictly control the conversion of cultivated land into other agricultural land such as woodland, grassland and garden according to the target of cultivated land quantity determined by the people’s government at the next higher level. Where cultivated land is converted into other agricultural land such as forest land, grassland and garden land, we should pay equal attention to quantity and quality, and make up the cultivated land with the same quantity, quality and productivity that can be used stably for a long time in accordance with the regulations.

　　Fourth, strengthen the special protection of permanent basic farmland. The Implementation Measures implement a special protection system for permanent basic farmland in strict accordance with the superior law and the spirit of the central government. Article 19 stipulates that people’s governments at or above the county level shall organize the demarcation of permanent basic farmland on stable cultivated land according to the protection area index of permanent basic farmland issued by the people’s government at the next higher level, according to the land survey results published according to law and the land statistics published regularly. It is required that permanent basic farmland be implemented in plots and be included in the national permanent basic farmland database for strict management. And in Article 20, it is stipulated that specific behaviors prohibited in permanent basic farmland should be consolidated, the control line of permanent basic farmland should be kept, and the special protection system of permanent basic farmland should be fully implemented. thank you

　　Henan Legal News reporter

　　In recent years, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council have made a number of major reforms and arrangements in the field of land management, such as establishing a land spatial planning system and promoting the reform of the separation of rural land ownership, contracting rights and management rights. What specific arrangements have we made to implement the reform and arrangements and strengthen the legal protection of land spatial planning and the separation of powers in rural areas? Thank you.

　　Li Dake, Director of Economic and Ecological Legislation Division of Provincial Justice Department

　　Thank you for your question. In this legislation, we have carefully studied and understood the reform decisions and arrangements of the CPC Central Committee, the State Council and the provincial party committee in the field of land management. In accordance with the spirit of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council’s Opinions on Establishing a Land Spatial Planning System and Supervising its Implementation, the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council’s General Offices’ Opinions on Improving the Separation of Rural Land Ownership, Contracting Rights and Management Rights, and Henan Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China and Henan Provincial People’s Government’s Implementation Opinions on Establishing a Land Spatial Planning System and Supervising its Implementation, we should adhere to the connection between legislation and reform decision-making, actively adapt legislation to the needs of reform and development, and combine the reality of our province to strengthen land spatial planning and rural land separation of powers.

　　The first is to promote the implementation of "multi-regulation". In the past, there were many types of spatial planning, and there was not enough coordination among them, and cross-conflict occurred from time to time. The reform of the national land spatial planning system integrates the main functional area planning, land use planning and urban and rural planning into a national land spatial planning, and promotes the reform of "multi-regulation integration". The revised "Implementation Measures" has a chapter on "Land Spatial Planning". Article 9 clearly stipulates that land spatial planning approved according to law is the basic basis for all kinds of protection, development and construction activities, and no other spatial planning will be established outside the land spatial planning system. Therefore, in the future, the main functional area planning, land use planning and urban and rural planning will no longer be compiled separately, forming a "one map" of the whole province, truly realizing "multi-regulation integration", making the planning more scientific and implementing stricter supervision, which reflects the uniqueness of the national spatial planning.

　　The second is to clarify the planning requirements. The "Implementation Measures" insist on providing strong spatial planning support for high-quality development with high-level planning. Article 10 stipulates that the preparation of national land spatial planning should adhere to ecological priority, green and sustainable development, implement the requirements for the development and protection of national land space put forward in the national economic and social development plan, scientifically and orderly arrange functional spaces such as agriculture, ecology and towns, and delimit and implement cultivated land and permanent basic farmland, ecological protection red line and urban development boundary. Eleventh combined with the actual situation in our province, further defined the main body, deliberation organ and approval organ of the overall planning of provincial, city and county land space and township land space planning. Article 12 Arrangements are made for the preparation and approval of detailed planning and special planning. At the same time, in order to strengthen coordination and unity, it is also stipulated that special planning shall be organized and prepared by the corresponding competent department, and submitted for approval according to the procedures after the compliance review of the overall land and space planning by the competent department of natural resources at the same level.

　　The third is to use land in strict accordance with the national land space planning. In order to strengthen the planning authority and ensure the implementation of the plan, Article 13 of the Implementation Measures stipulates that the approved land and space plan shall be strictly implemented and shall not be modified without authorization. At the same time, it is clear that if the land and space plan really needs to be modified, it shall be modified in accordance with legal procedures with the consent of the original examination and approval authority. In addition, the "Implementation Measures" also highlights the implementation and supervision of the land spatial planning. Article 48 stipulates that the use of land for construction projects shall conform to the land spatial planning, and Article 13 requires that the competent natural resources department of the people’s government at or above the county level shall, in conjunction with relevant departments, organize supervision and inspection of the implementation of various control requirements such as control boundaries and binding indicators for the lower-level land spatial planning.

　　The fourth is to deepen the reform of rural land system. In order to promote the rational use of land resources, optimize the allocation of land resources, improve the land output rate, labor productivity and resource utilization rate, promote the development of modern agriculture, and realize rural revitalization, the Implementation Measures strictly implement the spirit of the central reform and provide a cohesive provision for deepening the rural land system reform according to law. Article 29 makes it clear that the people’s governments at or above the county level and their relevant departments should deepen the reform of rural land system according to law, optimize the allocation of land resources, promote the separation and parallelism of rural land ownership, contracting rights and management rights in accordance with state regulations, implement collective ownership, stabilize farmers’ contracting rights, liberalize land management rights, improve relevant systems to guide and standardize the transfer of land management rights, cultivate new business entities, promote moderate scale operation of agriculture, promote agricultural and rural modernization and promote rural revitalization. thank you

　　Henan radio and TV reporter

　　The "Implementation Measures" will be implemented on January 1, 2024. What specific measures will the natural resources department of our province take to implement the "Implementation Measures" in the next step? Thank you.

　　Shen Hui, Director of Regulations Department of Provincial Department of Natural Resources

　　Thank you for your question. In two days, the "Implementation Measures" will be implemented. Next, our office will implement the "Implementation Measures" from the following aspects.

　　First, continuously enhance the effectiveness of publicity. Taking publicity activities as an important starting point for deepening the study and implementation of the supreme leader’s thoughts on the rule of law and ecological civilization, and strengthening the creation of a good public opinion atmosphere, we should proceed from reality, strengthen problem orientation, comprehensively consider the specific conditions of regions and audiences, determine the publicity theme and content in a targeted manner, continuously improve the pertinence and appeal of publicity, promote good governance with good laws, and provide strong support for land management.

　　The second is to continue to promote system construction. In accordance with the provisions of the Implementation Measures, combined with the actual land management work in our province, we will improve the system construction, improve the working mechanism, strictly implement the provisions of the Measures on the expropriation of rural villagers’ houses and the way for the owners and users of land-expropriated land to express their reasonable demands and exercise their legitimate rights, minimize disputes and disputes in land expropriation, and earnestly safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of land-expropriated farmers.

　　The third is to improve the supporting legal system. In order to solve the growing demand for protected agricultural land, the Implementation Measures clearly stipulates that the site selection of protected agricultural land should not only meet the requirements of cultivated land protection and economical and intensive land use, but also take into account the needs of the people engaged in agricultural production. Measures for the administration of agricultural land for facilities and land for rural production roads shall be formulated by the provincial people’s government. In order to ensure the effective implementation of the Implementation Measures, we will, in accordance with the provisions of the Implementation Measures, jointly with relevant departments, formulate and promulgate in a timely manner the measures for the management of protected agricultural land, land for rural production roads, the measures for the implementation of supplementary cultivated land indicators, the minimum compensation standards for attachments and young crops on collectively owned land, and the specific measures for rural villagers to build houses economically and intensively.

　　The fourth is to actively implement strict law enforcement. It is necessary to implement the strictest cultivated land protection system, protect cultivated land with hard measures of "long teeth", further strengthen the management of natural resources, standardize administrative law enforcement procedures, strictly implement the administrative law enforcement responsibility system, improve the administrative law enforcement supervision mechanism, implement the responsibilities of various departments, form a joint force, and ensure the correct implementation of the Implementation Measures, so that there are laws to follow, law enforcement must be strict, and offenders will be prosecuted. thank you

　　Niu Suling, Second Inspector of Propaganda Department of Provincial Party Committee

　　Thank you for your introduction! That’s all for today’s on-site questions. If you have other concerns, you can contact the publishing unit for an interview after the press conference.

　　Media friends, the "Implementation Measures" is an important measure for our province to thoroughly implement the spirit of the important instructions of the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader on strengthening the protection of cultivated land and saving intensive land use, and comprehensively promote the high-quality development of natural resources and the construction of the rule of law. Here, I hope that all news media can do a good job in publicity and reporting, deeply interpret the significance and key contents of the Measures for Implementation, effectively enhance the awareness and influence of the Measures for Implementation, vigorously create a good atmosphere for the whole society to care for and support the implementation of the Measures, and jointly promote the implementation of the Measures to achieve better results!

　　That’s all for this press conference. Thank you! Thank you, journalists and friends! Later, we will also hold a press conference on "Measures for the Administration of Waterway Transportation in Henan Province" here, so please continue to pay attention.

In the beautiful Xishuangbanna Prefecture of Yunnan, there is a young Chongqing native who manages a large banana plantation with an area of more than 3,000 mu alone. He is Cen, the general manager of Dongting Agricultural Development Co., Ltd. in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, and the famous "banana king" born in 1980s.

Carrying 500 yuan into the world

"The world is so big, don’t walk around and see more, how do you know what career is best for you?" Cen was born in Hechuan rural area. After finishing high school there in 2006, he went to Foshan, Guangdong, alone with the only cash from 500 yuan, and started a dream-seeking journey.

In a small electrical appliance factory in Foshan, he found a job in product quality control, with a monthly salary less than that of 1000 yuan. Because of his hard work, Cen was promoted to department head one year later, and his monthly salary rose to 3,000 yuan. Working part-time is not easy, and overtime is a common occurrence, especially in the peak sales season, when Cen works more than 15 hours a day. With the passage of time, the idea of "starting your own business" became stronger and stronger in his heart. At the end of 2007, Cen resigned and returned to Chongqing.

2008 is a turning point for Cen. This year, he came to Xishuangbanna, Yunnan with his family to develop banana planting. "The land here is relatively wide, and bananas are suitable for planting here." Cen said that his relatives also planted bananas in Xishuangbanna at that time.

The barren hills turned into banana forests.

When he first arrived in Xishuangbanna, Cen did all kinds of odd jobs in his own 200-acre banana garden, weeding and fertilizing himself, and sunburn and sprained feet never happened less. A year later, watching the original barren hillside turn into a banana forest, and calculating that every input from 1 yuan will turn into the output from 2.5 yuan, Cen felt that all the previous efforts were worthwhile.

Cen attaches great importance to adopting the latest planting techniques, and at the same time, she is particularly hard-working, and she has to drill into the banana forest for inspection almost every day. It takes at least half a day to patrol the 200-acre banana garden. Slowly, Cen developed a pair of "critical eyes" and could see all kinds of pests and diseases at a glance. "Like heartworms, thistles, filariasis, etc., once they appear, they must be dealt with in time." Cen said.

At the beginning of 2010, Guangxi, Hainan and other major banana producing areas had bumper harvests, which made Yunnan bananas, which had not been sold in previous years, encounter the dilemma of "nobody cares". Looking at the bananas that had already hung in the ground, Cen was puzzled. "At that time, my head was big. Later, I remembered that a friend at home wholesaled bananas in Panxi Market in Chongqing, so I called him."

"You can take bananas to Panxi and sell them yourself." Cen was moved by a friend’s suggestion. He immediately rented a truck and personally transported more than 20 tons of bananas to Chongqing Panxi Fruit Wholesale Market, which was sold out in less than one day. Through this sale, Cen has also established contact with many merchants, and the products have opened up a market.

Get rich and never forget your hometown

Young Cen also has a strong interest in e-commerce platform. He is trying to make good use of the Internet, a brand-new sales channel, to be a "banana e-commerce" in the new era, and at the same time to build his own official website to fully promote his banana garden.

Cen said that when he was in a foreign land, he often missed home and all kinds of delicious food in his hometown: "Peach slices, meat slices and spicy hot pot in Hechuan always make his mouth water. Every time my family comes to Yunnan, I always want them to bring as many Chongqing specialties as possible … "

Today, enterprises in Cen are among the best in Xishuangbanna, with a planting area of more than 3,000 mu and an annual income of more than 30 million yuan. In April this year, Cen built a restaurant in the center of Hechuan District, his hometown, which can accommodate 180 guests at the same time. This restaurant has nearly 100 employees, more than 90% of whom are Hechuan locals. "I have been homesick for so many years, which is also a little contribution to Hechuan." Cen said.

　　CCTV News:In 2021, the national health and wellness system will conscientiously implement the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, coordinate epidemic prevention and control, health and wellness, and continuously promote the high-quality development of health and wellness. The average life expectancy of residents will increase from 77.93 years in 2020 to 78.2 years in 2021, the maternal mortality rate will drop from 16.9/100,000 to 16.1/100,000, and the infant mortality rate will drop from 5.4‰ Down to 5.0‰ .

　　I. Health resources

　　(1) The total number of medical and health institutions. By the end of 2021, there were 1,030,935 medical and health institutions nationwide, an increase of 8,013 over the previous year. Among them, there are 36,570 hospitals, 977,790 primary medical and health institutions and 13,276 professional public health institutions. Compared with the previous year, there were 1,176 hospitals and 7,754 primary medical and health institutions. There are 10 categories of national medical centers and national regional medical centers for children in China.

　　Among hospitals, there are 11,804 public hospitals and 24,766 private hospitals. Hospitals are classified into 3,275 tertiary hospitals (including 1,651 tertiary hospitals), 10,848 secondary hospitals, 12,649 primary hospitals and 9,798 unrated hospitals.

　　According to the number of beds, there are 21,909 hospitals with less than 100 beds, 5,412 hospitals with 100-199 beds, 5,017 hospitals with 200-499 beds, 2,068 hospitals with 500-799 beds and 2,164 hospitals with 800 beds or more.

　　Among the primary medical and health institutions, there are 36,160 community health service centers (stations) (including 10,122 community health service centers and 26,038 community health service stations), 34,943 township hospitals, 271,056 clinics and clinics, and 599,292 village clinics.

　　Among professional public health institutions, there are 3,376 centers for disease prevention and control, including 31 at the provincial level, 410 at the prefecture (city) level and 2,755 at the county (district, county-level city) level. There are 3010 health supervision institutions, including 25 at the provincial level, 315 at the prefecture (city) level and 2487 at the county (district, county-level city) level. There are 3032 maternal and child health care institutions, including 26 at the provincial level, 377 at the prefecture (city) level and 2554 at the county (district, county-level city) level.

　　(2) Number of beds. By the end of 2021, there were 9.448 million beds in medical and health institutions nationwide, including 7.413 million beds in hospitals (accounting for 78.5%), 1.712 million beds in primary medical and health institutions (accounting for 18.1%) and 302,000 beds in professional public health institutions (accounting for 3.2%). In hospitals, public hospital beds account for 70.2% and private hospital beds account for 29.8%. Compared with the previous year, the number of beds increased by 348,000, including 281,000 in hospitals (116,000 in public hospitals and 166,000 in private hospitals), 63,000 in primary medical and health institutions and 6,000 in professional public health institutions. The number of beds in medical and health institutions per thousand population will increase from 6.46 in 2020 to 6.70 in 2021.

　　(3) Total number of health personnel. By the end of 2021, the total number of health workers in China was 13.983 million, an increase of 508,000 (3.8%) over the previous year.

　　At the end of 2021, among the total number of health workers, there were 11.242 million health technicians. Among the health technicians, there are 4.287 million licensed (assistant) doctors and 5.018 million registered nurses. Compared with the previous year, the number of health technicians increased by 564,000 (up by 5.3%).

　　By the end of 2021, there were 8.478 million people in hospitals (accounting for 60.6%), 4.432 million people in primary medical and health institutions (accounting for 31.7%) and 958,000 people in professional public health institutions (accounting for 6.9%).

　　In 2021, there were 3.04 licensed (assistant) doctors and 3.56 registered nurses per thousand population; The number of general practitioners per 10,000 population is 3.08, and the number of professional public health institutions per 10,000 population is 6.79.

　　(4) Total health expenditure. In 2021, the total national health expenditure is estimated to be 7,559.36 billion yuan, of which: government health expenditure is 2,071.85 billion yuan, accounting for 27.4%; Social health expenditure was 3,392.03 billion yuan, accounting for 44.9%; Personal health expenditure was 2,095.48 billion yuan, accounting for 27.7%. The per capita total health expenditure is 5348.1 yuan, and the proportion of total health expenditure to GDP is 6.5%.

　　Second, medical services

　　(1) Outpatient service and hospitalization. In 2021, the total number of medical and health institutions in China was 8.47 billion, an increase of 730 million (9.4%) over the previous year. In 2021, residents visited medical and health institutions for an average of 6.0 times.

　　In 2021, there were 3.88 billion person-times in hospitals (accounting for 45.8%), 4.25 billion person-times in primary medical and health institutions (accounting for 50.2%) and 340 million person-times in other medical and health institutions (accounting for 4.0%). Compared with the previous year, the number of hospital visits increased by 560 million, and the number of primary medical and health institutions increased by 130 million.

　　In 2021, there were 3.27 billion medical consultations in public hospitals (accounting for 84.2% of the total medical consultations in hospitals) and 610 million medical consultations in private hospitals (accounting for 15.8% of the total medical consultations in hospitals).

　　In 2021, township hospitals and community health service centers (stations) treated 2 billion people, an increase of 150 million people over the previous year. The number of consultations in township hospitals and community health service centers (stations) accounted for 23.6% of the total number of consultations, and the proportion decreased by 0.3 percentage points over the previous year.

　　In 2021, there were 247.26 million hospitalizations in medical and health institutions nationwide, an increase of 17.13 million over the previous year (an increase of 7.4%), and the annual hospitalization rate of residents was 17.5%.

　　In 2021, there were 201.49 million person-times in hospitals (accounting for 81.5%), 35.92 million person-times in primary medical and health institutions (accounting for 14.5%) and 9.85 million person-times in other institutions (accounting for 4.0%). Compared with the previous year, the number of hospital admissions increased by 17.97 million, the number of primary medical and health institutions decreased by 1.15 million, and the number of other medical institutions increased by 320,000.

　　In 2021, there were 164.04 million hospital admissions in public hospitals (accounting for 81.4% of the total hospital admissions) and 37.45 million hospital admissions in private hospitals (accounting for 18.6% of the total hospital admissions).

　　(2) The workload of hospital doctors. In 2021, hospital doctors were responsible for 6.5 person-times of diagnosis and treatment and 2.2 bed days of hospitalization, among which, doctors in public hospitals were responsible for 7.0 person-times of diagnosis and treatment and 2.2 bed days of hospitalization.

　　(3) use of hospital beds. In 2021, the utilization rate of hospital beds in China was 74.6%, including 80.3% in public hospitals. Compared with the previous year, the utilization rate of hospital beds increased by 2.3 percentage points (including 2.9 percentage points in public hospitals). In 2021, the average length of stay of discharged patients in hospitals was 9.2 days (including 9.0 days in public hospitals), and compared with the previous year, the average length of stay of discharged patients in hospitals decreased by 0.3 days (including 0.3 days in public hospitals).

　　(4) improving medical services. By the end of 2021, 54.5% of secondary and above public hospitals had carried out appointment diagnosis and treatment, 91.3% had carried out clinical pathway management, 64.6% had carried out telemedicine services, 87.6% had participated in mutual recognition of examination results at the same level, and 92.0% had carried out quality nursing services.

　　(5) blood security. In 2021, the number of unpaid blood donors reached 16.745 million, and the amount of blood collected reached 28.559 million units, up by 7.5% and 8.0% respectively compared with 2020, and the blood donation rate per thousand people was 12.

　　Third, primary health services

　　(1) Rural health. By the end of 2021, there were 17,294 county-level (including county-level cities) hospitals, 1,868 county-level (including county-level cities) maternal and child health care institutions, 1,999 county-level (including county-level cities) centers for disease prevention and control, and 1,761 county-level (including county-level cities) health supervision institutions, with a total of 3.521 million health personnel in four types of county-level (including county-level cities) medical and health institutions.

　　By the end of 2021, there were 35,000 township health centers in 29,600 townships nationwide, with 1.417 million beds and 1.492 million health workers (including 1.285 million health technicians). Compared with the previous year, the number of township hospitals decreased by 819, the number of beds increased by 27,000, and the number of personnel increased by 11,000.

　　By the end of 2021, there were 599,000 village clinics in 490,000 administrative villages nationwide. There are 1.363 million people working in village clinics, including 476,000 licensed (assistant) doctors, 193,000 registered nurses, 691,000 rural doctors and health workers. Compared with the previous year, the number of village clinics decreased by 10,000, and the number of practicing (assistant) doctors increased by 11,000.

　　In 2021, there were 1.31 billion hospital visits at county level (including county-level cities), an increase of 150 million over the previous year; The number of admissions was 83.718 million, an increase of 3.069 million over the previous year; The utilization rate of hospital beds was 72.3%, an increase of 0.7 percentage points over the previous year.

　　In 2021, the number of medical consultations in township hospitals was 1.16 billion, an increase of 60 million over the previous year; The number of hospital admissions was 32.23 million, a decrease of 1.603 million over the previous year. In 2021, doctors were responsible for 8.9 person-times of diagnosis and treatment and 1.2 bed days of hospitalization, and the utilization rate of beds was 48.2%, and the average hospitalization days of discharged patients were 6.6 days. Compared with the previous year, the average daily number of doctors in township hospitals increased by 0.4 person-times, the average daily number of hospital beds decreased by 0.1 bed days, the utilization rate of hospital beds decreased by 2.2 percentage points, and the average hospitalization days remained unchanged.

　　In 2021, the number of visits to village clinics was 1.34 billion, a decrease of 90 million compared with the previous year, with an average of 2,239 visits per village clinic.

　　(2) Community health. By the end of 2021, there were 36,160 community health service centers (stations) in China, including 10,122 community health service centers and 26,038 community health service stations. Compared with the previous year, there were 296 community health service centers and 499 community health service stations. There are 555,000 people in community health service centers, with an average of 55 people in each center; There are 128,000 people in community health service stations, with an average of 5 people per station. The number of staff in community health service centers (stations) increased by 35,000 over the previous year, with an increase of 5.4%.

　　In 2021, there were 700 million medical consultations and 3.193 million hospitalizations in the national community health service centers. On average, each center has an annual treatment volume of 69,000 person-times and an annual admission volume of 315 person-times; Doctors are responsible for 14.6 person-times of diagnosis and treatment and 0.5 bed days of hospitalization. In 2021, there were 140 million consultations in community health service stations nationwide, with an average of 5,379 consultations per station, and 11.0 consultations per doctor per day.

　　(3) Basic public health services. The per capita financial subsidy standard for basic public health services will be raised from 74 yuan in 2020 to 79 yuan in 2021. In 2021, the number of elderly people aged 65 and above who received health management in primary health care institutions was 119.412 million, the number of hypertensive patients who received health management was 109.384 million, and the number of type 2 diabetes patients who received health management was 35.713 million.

　　Fourth, Chinese medicine services

　　(a) institutions of traditional Chinese medicine, beds and personnel. In 2021, there were 77,336 Chinese medical and health institutions nationwide, an increase of 4,981 over the previous year. Among them, there are 5715 Chinese medicine hospitals, 71583 Chinese medicine outpatient departments and clinics, and 38 Chinese medicine research institutions. Compared with the previous year, there were 233 Chinese medicine hospitals and 4,753 Chinese medicine outpatient departments and clinics.

　　In 2021, there were 1.505 million beds in Chinese medicine medical and health institutions nationwide, including 1.197 million beds in Chinese medicine hospitals (accounting for 79.5%). Compared with the previous year, the number of beds in medical and health institutions of traditional Chinese medicine increased by 72,000, including 49,000 beds in hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine.

　　In 2021, 99.6% of the similar institutions are community health service centers, 93.0% are community health service stations, 99.1% are township hospitals and 79.9% are village clinics.

　　In 2021, the total number of Chinese medicine health personnel in China reached 884,000, an increase of 55,000 (an increase of 6.6%) over the previous year. Among them, there are 732,000 practicing (assistant) doctors in Chinese medicine and 136,000 pharmacists (doctors). The two types of personnel have increased compared with the previous year.

　　(2) Chinese medicine medical services. In 2021, the total number of medical consultations in Chinese medical and health institutions nationwide was 1.2 billion, an increase of 140 million over the previous year (up 13.7%). Among them, there were 690 million person-times in TCM hospitals (accounting for 57.3%), 200 million person-times in TCM outpatient departments and clinics (accounting for 17.0%), and 310 million person-times in TCM clinical departments of non-TCM medical institutions (accounting for 25.7%).

　　In 2021, 38.002 million people were discharged from Chinese medical and health institutions nationwide, an increase of 2.96 million people (8.4%) over the previous year. Among them, there were 31.519 million person-times in hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine (accounting for 82.9%), 0.8 million person-times in outpatient departments of traditional Chinese medicine, and 6.475 million person-times in clinical departments of traditional Chinese medicine in non-traditional Chinese medicine medical and health institutions (accounting for 17.0%).

　　V. Medical expenses of patients

　　(1) Medical expenses of hospital patients. In 2021, the average outpatient cost of the hospital was 329.2 yuan, which was 1.5% higher than that of the previous year and 0.6% higher than the comparable price. The average hospitalization expense was 11,002.9 yuan, which was 3.6% higher than the previous year and 2.7% higher than the comparable price. The average daily hospitalization expense is 1191.7 yuan.

　　In 2021, the average outpatient medical expenses (123.3 yuan) accounted for 37.5% of the average outpatient expenses, down 1.6 percentage points from the previous year (39.1%); The average hospitalization expenses (2759.5 yuan) accounted for 25.1% of the average hospitalization expenses, which was 1.1 percentage points lower than the previous year (26.2%).

　　In 2021, among public hospitals at all levels, the average outpatient expenses of tertiary hospitals decreased by 0.9% (the current price, the same below), and the average hospitalization expenses decreased by 1.1%.

　　(2) Medical expenses of patients in primary medical and health institutions. In 2021, the average outpatient fee of community health service center was 164.3 yuan, which was 1.0% lower than that of the previous year and 1.8% lower than that of the comparable price. The average hospitalization expense was 3,649.9 yuan, which was 2.5% higher than that of the previous year and 1.6% higher than the comparable price.

　　In 2021, the average outpatient drug expenses in community health service centers (118.9 yuan) accounted for 72.4% of the average outpatient expenses, down 2.9 percentage points from the previous year (75.3%); The average hospitalization expenses (1088.8 yuan) accounted for 29.8% of the average hospitalization expenses, which was 1.8 percentage points lower than the previous year (31.6%).

　　In 2021, the average outpatient fee of township hospitals was 87.5 yuan, which was 3.3% higher than that of the previous year and 2.4% higher than the comparable price. The average hospitalization expense was 2166.5 yuan, which was 4.0% higher than that of the previous year and 3.1% higher than the comparable price. The average daily hospitalization expense is 329.3 yuan.

　　In 2021, the average outpatient medical expenses of township hospitals (51.5 yuan) accounted for 58.9% of the average outpatient expenses, down 2.3 percentage points from the previous year (61.2%); The average hospitalization expenses (719.4 yuan) accounted for 33.2% of the average hospitalization expenses, which was 1.9 percentage points lower than the previous year (35.1%).

　　VI. Disease Control and Public Health

　　(1) Prevention and control of epidemic situation in COVID-19. In 2021, 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps reported 15,243 confirmed cases in COVID-19, including 6,866 imported cases and 8,377 local cases; There were 6265 asymptomatic infected people, including 5047 imported cases and 1218 local cases. In the whole year, 12,725 discharged cases were reported, including 6,331 imported cases and 6,394 local cases. There were 2 deaths.

　　Further improve the epidemic prevention and control policy system, unswervingly adhere to the general strategy of "external defense input, internal defense rebound" and the general policy of "dynamic zero clearing", adhere to the common prevention of people, things and environment, revise and issue 85 kinds of protection guides related to epidemic prevention and control in key places, key units and key populations, and revise the novel coronavirus Prevention and Control Plan (Eighth Edition) and the novel coronavirus Diagnosis and Treatment Plan (Trial Eighth Edition? Revised edition) and other programs.

　　As of December 31, 2021, a total of 2,835,332,000 doses of Covid-19 vaccination have been completed, and the number of people who have completed the whole vaccination is 1,210,685,000; A total of 11,937 medical and health institutions in China provide Covid-19 nucleic acid detection services, with a total detection capacity of 41.68 million copies/day, and the nucleic acid detection capacity has been significantly improved; There are more than 800 designated hospitals in COVID-19.

　　(2) reported incidence and death of infectious diseases. In 2021, there were 2.727 million reported cases of Class A and B infectious diseases and 22,000 reported deaths. The top five reported cases are viral hepatitis, tuberculosis, syphilis, gonorrhea and brucellosis, accounting for 93.3% of the total reported cases of Class A and B infectious diseases. The top five reported deaths are AIDS, tuberculosis, viral hepatitis, rabies and epidemic hemorrhagic fever, accounting for 99.7% of the total reported deaths of Class A and B infectious diseases.

　　In 2021, the reported incidence rate of Class A and B infectious diseases in China was 1.9346/100,000, and the mortality rate was 1.5733/100,000.

　　In 2021, a total of 3.506 million cases of 11 Class C infectious diseases were reported and 19 people died. The top five reported cases were hand, foot and mouth disease, other infectious diarrhea, influenza, mumps and acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis, accounting for 99.9% of the total reported cases of Class C infectious diseases. The diseases that reported more deaths were hand, foot and mouth disease, other infectious diarrhea and influenza in turn, accounting for 94.7% of the total reported deaths of Class C infectious diseases.

　　In 2021, the reported incidence rate of Class C infectious diseases in China was 248.71/100,000, and the mortality rate was 0.0013/100,000.

　　(3) Prevention and control of schistosomiasis. By the end of 2021, there were 451 endemic counties (cities, districts) in China; The number of counties (cities, districts) that have achieved elimination, transmission blocking and transmission control is 339, 100 and 12 respectively; In 2021, there were 29,037 patients with advanced schistosomiasis in China, 480 fewer than the previous year.

　　(4) prevention and control of endemic diseases. By the end of 2021, there were 330 counties (cities, districts) with Keshan disease in China, and 330 had been eliminated, with 4000 patients. There are 379 counties (cities, districts) with Kaschin-Beck disease, and 379 have been eliminated, with 172,000 patients. The number of counties (cities, districts) with iodine deficiency disorders was 2,799, and 2,799 were eliminated. There are 1,041 endemic fluorosis (drinking water type) counties (cities, districts), 953 under control, 73,902 endemic villages (neighborhood committees), 298,000 dental fluorosis patients aged 8-12 years and 66,000 skeletal fluorosis patients. There are 171 endemic fluorosis (coal-burning pollution) counties (cities, districts), with 171 under control, including 55,000 patients with dental fluorosis and 154,000 patients with skeletal fluorosis.

　　(5) Comprehensive prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. Implement strategies and measures for comprehensive prevention and treatment of chronic diseases, and innovate the mode of prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. By the end of 2021, 488 national-level demonstration zones for comprehensive prevention and control of chronic diseases have been built, and 2,855 counties (cities, districts) across the country have launched a nationwide healthy lifestyle campaign, and 605 death cause monitoring points and 2,085 tumor registration points have been established nationwide. In 2021, in 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, 3.116 million high-risk groups were given early diagnosis and treatment of key cancers such as esophageal cancer, gastric cancer and liver cancer, 1.559 million people were screened in the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease screening intervention project, and 4.844 million people were given free oral examinations in the comprehensive intervention project for children’s oral diseases.

　　(6) Management services for severe mental disorders. Health departments at all levels shall, jointly with public security, civil affairs, disabled persons’ federations and other departments, improve the management service network for severe mental disorders. By the end of 2021, a service network for the management and treatment of severe mental disorders had been established in 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps. Under the guidance of mental health professional institutions, grassroots medical staff regularly followed up 6.331 million patients with severe mental disorders and provided rehabilitation guidance.

　　(seven) control of major diseases and health hazards. In 2021, monitoring of urban and rural drinking water quality will be carried out in all counties and districts of the country, with a total of 135,000 monitoring points and 270,000 water samples collected for water quality testing; Set up 167 monitoring points in 87 cities to monitor the impact of air pollution (smog) on people’s health; Monitoring points in public places were set up in 132 cities, and health hazard factors were monitored in 7240 public places.

　　In 2021, 8,710 schools in 1,606 counties (cities, districts) carried out monitoring of common diseases among students, with a total of 2.736 million people monitored; Myopia monitoring of children and adolescents was carried out in 2,307 kindergartens and 6,286 primary and secondary schools in 1,683 counties (cities, districts), with a total of 3.739 million people being monitored.

　　(8) Prevention and control of occupational diseases. By the end of 2021, there were 1022 occupational health technical service institutions, 605 radiological health technical service institutions, 23 chemical toxicity identification centers, 5067 occupational health inspection institutions and 588 occupational disease diagnosis institutions. The central government transferred local funds to build 671 pneumoconiosis rehabilitation stations (points), covering nearly 170,000 pneumoconiosis patients within its jurisdiction, and patients’ satisfaction with rehabilitation services reached 96%. In 2021, a total of 15,407 new cases of various occupational diseases were reported in China, including 11,877 cases of occupational pneumoconiosis and other respiratory diseases (including 11,809 cases of occupational pneumoconiosis), 2,123 cases of occupational otorhinolaryngology and oral diseases, 339 cases of occupational infectious diseases, 567 cases of occupational chemical poisoning, 283 cases of occupational diseases caused by physical factors, 83 cases of occupational skin diseases, 79 cases of occupational tumors and 43 cases of occupational eye diseases (including 5 cases of radiation cataract).

　　Seven, maternal and child health and healthy aging

　　(1) Maternal and child health care. In 2021, the prenatal check-up rate of pregnant women was 97.6%, and the postpartum visit rate was 96.0%. Compared with the previous year, the rate of prenatal examination and postpartum visit have improved. In 2021, the hospital delivery rate was 99.9% (100.0% in the city and 99.9% in the county), and all hospital deliveries were basically realized.

　　In 2021, the systematic management rate of children under 3 years old reached 92.8%, which was basically the same as that of the previous year; The systematic management rate of pregnant and lying-in women reached 92.9%, slightly higher than the previous year.

　　(2) Mortality rate of children under 5 years old. According to the national maternal and child health monitoring, in 2021, the mortality rate of children under 5 years old was 7.1‰ , in which: City 4.1‰ Rural 8.5‰ ; Infant mortality rate is 5.0‰ , in which: City 3.2‰ Rural 5.8‰ . Compared with the previous year, the mortality rate of children under 5 and infant mortality rate in China have decreased to varying degrees.

　　(3) Maternal mortality rate. According to the national maternal and child health monitoring, in 2021, the national maternal mortality rate was 16.1/100,000, including 15.4/100,000 in cities and 16.5/100,000 in rural areas. Compared with the previous year, the national maternal mortality rate has decreased.

　　(4) National free pre-pregnancy eugenics examination program. All counties (cities, districts) in China generally carry out free pre-pregnancy eugenics health check-ups, and provide free pre-pregnancy eugenics services such as health education, health check-ups, risk assessment, consultation and guidance for rural planned pregnant couples. In 2021, a total of 8.23 million planned pregnant couples were provided with free check-ups, and the average coverage rate of the target population reached 93.5%. All the screened risk groups received targeted counseling and treatment referral services, and pre-pregnancy preventive measures were implemented, effectively reducing the risk of birth defects.

　　(5) Promoting the combination of health services and medical care for the elderly. By the end of 2021, there were 6 national clinical medical research centers for geriatric diseases; There are 4,685 secondary and above general hospitals with geriatric departments, 5,290 general hospitals with geriatric friendly medical institutions, 15,431 primary medical and health institutions, and 1,027 medical and health institutions with hospice care (hospice care) departments. There are 78,000 pairs of medical and health institutions and old-age service institutions across the country that have signed cooperative relations; There are 6,492 medical and nursing institutions with complete two certificates (referring to the practice license or filing of medical institutions and filing of old-age care institutions). Jointly with the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the Ministry of Civil Affairs, the pilot demonstration of the application of smart and healthy old-age care in 2021 was carried out, and 35 demonstration enterprises, 2 demonstration parks, 45 demonstration streets (towns) and 17 demonstration bases were identified.

　　Eight, food safety and health supervision

　　(1) Food safety risk monitoring. According to the reports of provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, by the end of 2021, there were 2,778 food safety risk monitoring points nationwide, and 113,000 samples in 26 categories were monitored for pollutants and harmful factors; Food-borne diseases were monitored in 70,478 medical and health institutions, and 5,493 outbreaks of food-borne diseases were reported nationwide, with 32,334 cases and 117 deaths.

　　(2) Health supervision in public places. In 2021, there were 1.596 million public health supervision units and 8.061 million employees. 1.842 million times of supervision and inspection were conducted in public places, and 106,000 cases were investigated and dealt with according to law.

　　(3) Sanitary supervision of drinking water. In 2021, there were 104,000 supervised units for drinking water sanitation (water supply) in China, and 744,000 people were directly engaged in water supply and management. Supervise and inspect the sanitation (water supply) of drinking water for 130,000 times. There are 6,346 supervised units involving drinking water hygiene and safety products nationwide, with 125,000 employees. 7214 households were supervised and inspected for products related to drinking water hygiene and safety. 4,079 cases of drinking water and drinking water safety products were investigated and dealt with according to law.

　　(four) disinfection products and tableware centralized disinfection hygiene supervision. In 2021, there were 10,817 supervised units in disinfection products, with 212,000 employees. There were 31,000 supervision and inspections in disinfection products, and 12,673 samples were sampled, with a qualified rate of 96.8%. 2,529 cases were investigated and dealt with according to law. In 2021, there were 4,018 centralized disinfection service units for tableware and drinking utensils nationwide, with 44,000 employees. 8,797 households were supervised and inspected, and 1,475 cases were investigated and dealt with according to law.

　　(5) School health supervision. In 2021, there were 194,000 supervised schools nationwide, with 233,000 times of supervision and inspection and 7,329 cases investigated.

　　(6) Occupational health and radiation health supervision. By the end of 2021, the technical institutions of occupational health examination, occupational disease diagnosis and radiation health had been regularly supervised for 6,725 households, with a supervision coverage rate of 75.2%. 598 cases were investigated and dealt with according to law. There are 77,000 supervised units for radiation diagnosis and treatment, with a supervision coverage rate of 77.6%, and 86,000 times of regular supervision, and 7,705 radiation health cases are investigated and dealt with according to law.

　　(seven) health supervision of medical and health care, blood safety and prevention and treatment of infectious diseases. In 2021, 42,000 health administrative penalties were imposed on medical institutions or medical personnel according to law. Administrative punishment for practicing medicine without a license is 12,000. 57 administrative penalties were imposed on blood collection and supply institutions according to law. 79,000 cases of prevention and treatment of infectious diseases were investigated and dealt with according to law, including 79,000 cases of health administrative punishment.

　　(eight) maternal and child health supervision. In 2021, there were 20,000 supervised units for maternal and child health throughout the country, and 29,000 supervised and inspected units for maternal and child health, and 816 cases were investigated and dealt with according to law.

　　(nine) the employer’s occupational health and technical service institutions supervise law enforcement. In 2021, 200,000 employers were supervised and inspected nationwide, and 17,308 cases were investigated. In 2021, 1,042 occupational health technical service institutions were supervised and inspected nationwide, and 59 cases were investigated.

　　IX. Population and family development

　　The population born in 2021 was 10.62 million. The proportion of two children is 41.4%, the proportion of three children and above is 14.5%, and the sex ratio of the birth population is 110.9. In 2021, the reward and assistance system for some family planning families in rural areas benefited 16.314 million people; The special assistance system for family planning benefited 1.713 million people. A total of 24.08 billion yuan was invested in the "three systems" of family planning incentives and assistance, an increase of 1.68 billion yuan over the previous year; The central government invested 13.24 billion yuan, 750 million yuan more than the previous year.

　　"Cancer is related to thousands of people in Qian Qian, and it is a major pain point for people’s livelihood. I’m here to find out on the spot what ‘ Get stuck in the neck ’ Factors? What policy support does the government need to overcome cancer? " On December 12th, Premier Li Keqiang had a "standing talk" with more than 20 oncologists in wuhan union hospital.

　　At an executive meeting in the State Council two months ago, the Prime Minister made a clear request to concentrate superior scientific research forces to carry out special key research on the treatment of difficult and high-incidence cancer. On the morning of December 12th, Li Keqiang came to wuhan union hospital to visit children with leukemia, and had in-depth exchanges with oncologists to overcome cancer and other issues.

　　Nothing can be short of "treatment", and nothing can be short of "life-saving medicine"

　　"Can domestic medicine be bought now? How much is each bottle? " Walking into the ward of the Children’s Hematological Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Li Keqiang asked the families of children with leukemia.

　　Earlier, the Prime Minister gave instructions in response to media reports that "children with leukemia suffered from a shortage of cheap domestic drugs and a bottle of imported drugs exceeded 1,000 yuan", and asked relevant departments to "take care of each other and handle special matters, effectively increase the production and supply of domestic cheap drugs, and effectively solve the problem of ‘ The pain of medication ’ " . During this visit to children with leukemia, he especially learned about this situation from their parents.

　　"Medicine can be bought, and the price is no problem!" The father of a child told the Prime Minister.

　　"Nothing can be short ‘ Treatment ’ You can’t lack anything ‘ Life-saving medicine ’ ！” The Prime Minister said, "Please rest assured that these drugs will be fully guaranteed by the state, not only for short-term emergency, but also for long-term supply. We must never stop taking drugs!"

　　Li Keqiang also inquired about the shortage of other "orphan drugs" from medical staff in detail, and told the heads of health departments to "make a list", improve policies and mechanisms, and effectively ensure the long-term and stable supply of urgent needs such as "orphan drugs".

　　In the "Pediatric Hematology Ward Love School", the Prime Minister specially brought a gift to each of several children with leukemia who were drawing: a magnetic jigsaw puzzle of the world map. "I hope you will treat it well and measure the world with your feet when you grow up." The Prime Minister said.

　　"That’s great! My wish is to be a gourmet and travel all over the world! " A child took the gift and said happily.

　　Another 7-year-old boy offered to take a photo with the Prime Minister’s grandfather. After the Prime Minister readily agreed, the little boy added, "Can I have two photos?"

　　"Must give, one person two! If you can’t get it, write to grandpa. " The Prime Minister immediately promised, "I want to ask, why do you want two?"

　　"I can’t tell you, it’s a secret!" The little boy’s answer made everyone present laugh.

　　What policies the health sector needs, the state must fully support it.

　　After leaving this loving school, Li Keqiang went to the doctor’s office and inquired about the latest research and clinical progress in overcoming cancer. The two experts introduced their respective methods of vesicular therapy and CAR-T cell therapy for tumors. Li Keqiang said, "I feel very happy and gratified! Some developed countries proposed to overcome the pathogenesis of cancer decades ago, and now our country’s research and treatment technology to overcome cancer has also reached a new level. "

　　"What else is there to conquer cancer ‘ Get stuck in the neck ’ Factors that need national key support? " Li Keqiang asked. An expert said that the current problems are: first, insufficient clinical funds; second, imperfect quality control standards for cell therapy; third, slow drug approval and long transformation time.

　　"The issue of drug approval should be accelerated, but it is necessary to ensure the absolute safety of drugs!" The Prime Minister said.

　　He asked the person in charge of the accompanying health department to fully listen to the opinions of doctors and patients and come up with a targeted report as soon as possible: "Let’s work together to strive for an important step in the pathological research and treatment of cancer at an early date and save more lives. What policies the health department needs, the state must fully support it! "

　　"You said before that we have been in ‘ Heaven ’ 、‘ Going to sea ’ We have made good progress in major scientific research projects, and we will strive to overcome medical life problems that affect people’s health in the future. This is very encouraging! " An oncologist said to the Prime Minister.

　　"Cancer is a major pain in people’s livelihood." Li Keqiang said, "Life science, including cancer, is as important as cosmic science and marine science. You are studying and exploring at the forefront of life medicine, which is related to the health of thousands of people in Qian Qian and has a great responsibility! "

　　Before leaving, Li Keqiang once again asked the experts what policy suggestions they had. A leukemia expert asked whether the current leukemia medical insurance policy for poor children in rural areas can benefit all leukemia children in view of the good treatment effect of childhood leukemia.

　　The Prime Minister immediately asked the person in charge of the health department to "pay close attention to research". He said that at present, China has achieved full coverage of major illness insurance, so that more patients can reduce their burdens. Cancer is an important part of major diseases. It is necessary to gather superior scientific research forces to focus on tackling cancer difficulties and let more patients and their families get out of the shadow of the disease as soon as possible!