Guangxi quanran ecological agriculture science and technology development co., ltd

"Food is the first priority for the people, and safety is the first priority for food". With the rapid development of China’s economy, people’s requirements for living and working environment and food quality are increasing day by day. However, with the development of industrialization, China’s ecological deficit is expanding day by day, environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious, water resources are seriously damaged, and food safety is even more worrying. People are eagerly looking forward to eating more safely and healthily and jointly promoting a healthy trip to China.

Guangxi Quanquan Ecological Agriculture Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Quanquan Ecological Company), located in the beautiful southern scenic spot of Xixiangtang, Nanning, Guangxi, is committed to soil improvement, environmental management, ecological agriculture and food safety, and is committed to restoring the land that has been damaged by chemical fertilizers, pesticides, hormones, weeds and other harmful substances for more than 40 years. Solve the problems of soil hardening, excessive heavy metals, pesticide and fertilizer residues, and return the land to the natural ecology.

Only the green plants in natural ecology can release a large number of negative oxygen ions for human beings, and become ecological balance, birds and flowers, and natural harmony. When air, water and food, the three elements on which human beings depend for survival, are all changed with high quality, people’s health will be guaranteed to some extent. Health is the ultimate goal pursued by human beings. Only when the whole people are healthy can the whole people have a well-off life and a healthy China be realized. The "Chengshengyuan Energy Liquid" developed by Quanquan Ecological Company makes the growing environment of plants gradually return to the ecology and the truth. Take practical actions to reduce or stop the use of tens of millions of tons of pesticides, fertilizers and other harmful chemical products, and solve the source of food safety, so that the air and water pollution problems in China can be relatively improved.

Shengshengyuan Energy Liquid has related patented technology, which uses the stems and leaves of nontoxic, clean and fresh plants that have not been applied with pesticides and fertilizers and original ecological green plants as raw materials. First, after strict inspection, screening and crushing, it is soaked in a large customized container according to a scientific proportion of ecological stock solution, and then through completely unique innovative patented technology, the holographic nutritional energy and plant activity of plants are converted by energy in a sterile and sealed phosgene water energy room, and the (blood) chlorophyll of plants is retained. It transforms the holographic nutrition that plants absorb the essence of heaven and earth, tangible and intangible plant light, plant nerve, plant self-repair ability, etc., and replaces the holographic army of plant life structure, that is, all nutritional energy and conditions needed for plant life growth, rather than a single supplement of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium at the level of modern scientific cognition. Plants, animals and humans all need natural and holographic balanced nutrition.

For example, in the 1950s and 1980s, when people were young, they often didn’t have enough to eat. They ate a tortilla or a sweet potato in the morning and only had porridge when they came back from school at night. At that time, many active children could jump off the tree pottery bird’s nest at a height of five meters and eight meters, and there were few broken bones. However, today’s children begin to scientifically supplement calcium, iron, zinc, selenium, various nutrients, protein, etc. from birth, and drink various dairy products every day, but their immunity is still low. Including today’s middle-aged and elderly people and patients with various diseases, basically there is no shortage of nutrients, but it is still unsatisfactory, and the physical function is getting worse. The centenarians who can live in the mountains have never made up for anything, but they can dig medicine and carry water in the mountains. They are healthy and energetic. History has proved that what human health needs is balanced holographic nutrition between man and nature. Holographic balanced nutrition comes from holographic food, which comes from natural foods and ecological plants that conform to the laws of nature, including all kinds of poultry meat foods that conform to the laws of natural growth, instead of fast-growing hormone foods such as chickens, ducks, pigs, cows, sheep and rabbits that are artificially raised against the laws of nature today. The products of Total Ecology Company are taken from the energy of natural plants and used in fields, returning to nature, naturally, naturally, so as to improve and restore the land that has been used for 40 years with chemicals.

The technology has been repeatedly researched and developed by the R&D team and applied technical experts, tried out and practiced, and tested by the relevant authorities of the third country. It is proved that the soil hardening problem with the energy liquid of Xieshengyuan has been greatly improved. With developed roots, the grain, vegetables and fruits planted not only increase the yield by 15%-50%, but also improve the quality and appearance in an all-round way. The taste is completely back to our childhood feeling, and the nutrition is balanced, so it can be said that it has the performance of functional safe food.

In particular, it is super antioxidant. For example, the Wuming Wogan picked on January 20 this year was off for the whole company during the Spring Festival, and the staff didn’t return to the company until mid-April. When they opened the room, they found that the Wogan placed on the desk for more than three months was still very good, and it was still very good to share with dozens of people at the meeting. The energy liquid litchi was transported to Beijing by express truck with a high temperature of over 40 degrees four days later. On the fifth day, the customer tasted the original litchi. The most incredible thing is that the output of mulberry fruit after using energy liquid is three times that of conventional management, and it has not changed flavor at room temperature after being put in plastic bags for 7 days.

The dried jujube roots that have been exposed to the strong wind for more than 20 days in the bag, only one energy solution from the bottle cap of mineral water, turned out to be dead in spring, and it has been flourishing for 6 days and there are still a few buds; After spraying energy liquid on litchi trees in Lingshan base for a hundred years, the broken branches and decayed places are also fruitful. There are countless related cases.

The application and popularization of energy liquid is a healthy agricultural production mode with all factors and a scientific and technological measure for agricultural innovation and development. Chengshengyuan energy liquid has fertilizer efficiency, but it is not only a fertilizer. It promotes crop growth from the dimension of agricultural total factor information, improves soil, water quality, photosynthetic rate, reduces loss rate, promotes green quality level, improves oxidation resistance, ensures consumer health, soil health, water and gas health, detoxifies and reduces pollution, promotes vitality, and protects biodiversity. It is a healthy agricultural production mode with all factors. The products of Complete Eco-company improve the coordinated development of agricultural industry and expand the value-added space of agriculture. Promote the development of green feed in agriculture, animal husbandry, fishery and aquaculture, digest the straw in the field with the raw materials of new technology, and use the waste to increase the value. Improve barren soil such as barren hills, saline-alkali land and mine land quickly, and improve greening efficiency and tree planting survival rate.

Since January 16th, 2021, the energy liquid developed by Quanquan Ecological Company has been used in tomatoes, peppers, mulberries, cucumbers, bitter melons, sweet corn, leaf-eating grasses, water spinach, coriander, beans, grapefruit, litchi, longan, chestnut wax gourd, watermelon, cantaloupe, pitaya and wogan. Many test reports such as rice, black-skinned wax gourd, litchi and mango have reached the ecological green standard.

Taking 100 mu of ecological sweet corn in Hengzhou City, Guangxi as an example, the yield of corn with ecological energy liquid is 2500 kg to 2800 kg of green corn per mu. The energy liquid is mixed with water by 1,500 to 2,000 times, and drip irrigation is labor-saving and time-saving. The cost is around 500 yuan, and the three effects of fertility and pest control are integrated. According to the minimum yield of 2,500 Jin multiplied by 100 mu, it is equal to 250,000 Jin of green corn, and multiplied by 1.5 yuan/Jin is equal to 375,000 yuan. 3,500 Jin of energy liquid corn stalks per mu multiplied by 100 mu is equal to 350,000 Jin multiplied by 0.5 yuan, so farmers can increase their income by 175,000 yuan.

The ecological corn stalk can be used as raw material of the energy liquid, making about 560 tons of energy liquid, and the remaining 350,000 kilograms of corn stalk residue can also be converted into about 5 million kilograms of ecological food such as pigs, chickens and ducks, which can avoid chemicals such as hormones and antibiotics. Chengshengyuan Energy Liquid can also improve immunity, adjust the gastrointestinal pH of animals, improve the ratio of meat to feed, improve the meat quality, reach the standard of ecological meat, reduce the incidence of poultry, improve the survival rate and the benefits of farmers, and reduce the cost. The income of farmers has increased, the effective use value of land has increased, the cost of livestock has decreased, the survival rate has improved, and the quality of meat food has improved. Finally, poultry manure without antibiotics is also a safe ecological fertilizer, which can be safely used in the field. This is a completely ecological virtuous circle, which is labor-saving, time-saving, money-saving and ecological.

Someone suggested what to do with weeds. There are three ways: first, artificially recover the mixed biogenic energy residue and directly ferment it to make plant ecological organic fertilizer; Method 2: Raising chickens, ducks and geese in the forest and grazing animals such as cattle, sheep and rabbits, especially chickens and geese, provided that the ecological environment is good and there is no pesticide and chemical fertilizer, then the ecological balance will bring all kinds of food to chickens, and chickens will eat insects and geese to eat grass, and organic manure will be given to fruit trees, so that the quality and price of truly original chickens and geese have been improved; Method 3: Planting original ecological holographic energy Chinese herbal medicines under various forests will really bring good news to human health, and the stems and leaves of Chinese herbal medicines can be used as the energy liquid for preventing pests and diseases, and the holographic energy Chinese herbal medicines can be provided to pharmaceutical factories. In addition, building two to five acres of fish ponds, cultivating ecological fish, and irrigating fruit trees with fertilizer from fish ponds are completely ecological double harvests. Two acres of fish ponds can raise 40,000-50,000 Jin of energy ecological fish by purifying the water with energy liquid, and form a real multi-cycle agricultural pastoral complex with ecological whole industry chain. It is necessary to start from the ecological source, effectively develop comprehensive industrialization and help rural revitalization.

Planting crops with energy liquid of Xieshengyuan can make farmers invest less, have high yield, keep the original flavor, return to ecology without any chemical residue, completely reach the real national ecological standard, make agricultural products return to their original nature, save planting cost by 20-60%, improve crop yield by 10-30%, promote the increase of sales unit price by 20-200%, and effectively solve the problem. It can be said that the energy-liquid conversion technology of Shengyuan is a high-tech, low-cost and feasible project for benefiting the people. At present, the project has established more than 30 demonstration bases in Nanning; Dozens of demonstration bases have been established in Pu ‘er City, Yunnan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, Beijing, Hebei, Xinjiang, Shandong, Jiangsu, Gansu, Tianjin and Shaanxi.

In the next step, Total Eco-company will respond to the call of the country, serve agriculture, countryside and farmers, actively cooperate with the party committees of provinces and cities, people’s governments at all levels and leaders of local agriculture, forestry and water departments, and conduct real-time management in combination with the application technology of Beidou. Fully serve the work of rural revitalization, drive farmers and agricultural enterprises to become rich, comprehensively promote ecological agricultural products, and build a landmark brand of one county and one township.

In the new era, it is necessary to have a new understanding of agriculture, and the height of future agriculture is the customized production industry of new life science occupations. Total Ecological Company strives to become a well-known agricultural enterprise, a famous brand product and a special policy project. Adhere to the high-tech barriers, publish authoritative data reports, publish academic theories on popular science, realize the promotion of "standardized, standardized, large-scale, and efficient" production methods, guide people to develop scientific healthy behaviors and lifestyles, and truly achieve a healthy and healthy life, so as to make people rich, the country prosperous, and China beautiful, and contribute to "healthy China". The road ahead will be tortuous, but it is also full of hope!

Disclaimer: The market is risky, so you should be careful when choosing! This article is for reference only, not as a basis for trading.

　　By the end of 2020, various brands and models of NMN products were all the rage, and many people believed in the guise of "elixir of life" and "gene medicine". On December 17, 2020, this newspaper uncovered NMN (nicotinamide single nucleic acid) and reminded consumers not to be credulous. Entity supermarkets and e-commerce platforms have also increased the management of such products, but there are still consumers frequently recruited. Recently, this newspaper received a complaint from the public, saying that the NMN products bought at a high price were actually several bottles of "sugar".

　　Some NMN product names are marked with "drugs".

　　consumer

　　Buy it back at a high price and find it fooled

　　Recently, Mr. Zhang, who lives in Hebei, told this newspaper that he was very excited to learn from his friends that a certain NMN product can delay aging and prolong life, but he was cheated when he bought it.

　　Mr. Zhang introduced that he called the order number on the brochure. "After the call was connected, the customer service immediately asked me where I got the information. I told him that my friend was a member here. The customer service asked the member’s real name and phone number in detail. After verification, let me add him to WeChat before telling me where to buy."

　　The customer service told Mr. Zhang that his address was located in Haidian District, Beijing. While coming to Beijing for business, Mr. Zhang found the address and bought two bottles of "elixir of youth" with model NMN12000. "I can’t get the medicine on the spot. I just looked at the sample and introduction. After paying and registering as a member, the company will send the goods from Guangzhou by express delivery."

　　After receiving the "elixir of Youth", Mr. Zhang found that the word NMN could not be found on the invoice, only "candy food, fruit-flavored pressed candy" was written, and the seller on the invoice was an information technology company. Mr. Zhang is puzzled: How did NMN become sugar? He didn’t feel cheated.

　　In fact, the NMN12000 purchased by Mr. Zhang at a high price is really not a health care product, let alone a medicine. As early as December 17, 2020, this newspaper reported that the efficacy of this kind of NMN products was not supported by clinical data, and it can only be regarded as a dietary supplement at present. Many professionals reminded that eating this kind of products is equivalent to eating more vegetables and fruits, so consumers should not be credulous.

　　On January 14th, 2021, the Food Management Department of the State Administration of Market Supervision issued the Letter on Investigating the Illegal Operation of "Young Drugs", saying that NMN has not obtained the license of drugs, health foods, food additives and new food raw materials in China, that is, NMN cannot be produced and operated as food in China, and the letter also requires a comprehensive investigation of relevant operators.

　　The reporter followed the trail and found that after the investigation by the relevant departments, some NMN products were still falsely publicized in the market and sold at high prices.

　　Experience pavilion

　　Sales are hidden. Selling invoices according to health care products but writing sugar.

　　At the end of April, according to the address provided by Mr. Zhang, the reporter went to the NMN product sales point for an unannounced visit. When the reporter came to the building according to mobile navigation, he found it was a shopping mall. According to the information provided by Mr. Zhang, the sales point is on the eighth floor, but when the reporter took the elevator in the mall, he found that the elevator could only reach the fifth floor. Subsequently, the reporter went around to the back of the shopping mall to find other entrances, only to find that the front of this building is a shopping mall and the back is an office building. The office building is divided into east hall and west hall, but no matter which side you take the elevator, you can only reach the seventh floor. Finally, under the guidance of the security guards in the building, the reporter found a small door in the middle of the office building, from which he entered and took the elevator to the eighth floor.

　　When I came to the 8th floor, the reporter saw that all the small rooms were tightly closed, and there were no people walking around in the corridor. It was very quiet. The reporter looked around, and there were no marks on the doors of other rooms on this floor, only one door was hung with the brand of "XXX Experience Hall".

　　After ringing the doorbell, a lady opened the door. From the door, the room is only about 50 square meters, except for a table, a cupboard and some chairs. The reporter asked if NMN products could be purchased here. The lady was very cautious and repeatedly asked the reporter which member she heard from. When the reporter said that she couldn’t remember her name, the lady said that NMN related products were not available at present. "We only sell to members. Now I don’t have any goods here. You can call to order again in a few days, or ask members you know to call for advice." Subsequently, the reporter also encountered the same situation when calling the order phone.

　　In the experience hall, the lady clearly told the reporter that NMN products are health care products, 1,500 yuan for one bottle and 6,500 yuan for five bottles, each bottle can be taken for about 20 days, and suggested that it can be taken for a long time if conditions permit.

　　It is this company that claims NMN products as health care products, but the invoice issued to Mr. Zhang says "pressed candy". Mr. Zhang immediately contacted the company’s customer service after discovering the problem, hoping to reopen the invoice, but the customer service said that the invoice could only be issued according to this.

　　online store

　　Branding "health care products" and labeling "non-food health care words"

　　Compared with the caution of physical sales points, e-commerce sales of NMN products are more daring. The reporter searched on three e-commerce platforms and found a large number of NMN products for sale. In addition to various brands, there are different models such as NMN12000, NMN9600 and NMN1000, which can be described as varied. During the investigation, the reporter found that most e-commerce companies indicated the words "imported" and "food supplements", and some e-commerce companies still used the words "gene drugs", "anti-aging pills" and "anti-aging health products" for publicity.

　　The Letter on Investigating the Illegal Operation of "Young Drugs" clearly indicates that China has not approved NMN as a license for drugs, health foods, food additives and new food raw materials. So why are there so many NMN products for sale? Mainly because it is listed in the "positive list" of cross-border purchase as a derivative of vitamin B family. In 2016, the Announcement on Publishing the List of Retail Imports in cross-border electronic commerce, commonly known as the "Positive List", jointly drafted by eleven ministries and commissions, was officially released, including "unmixed vitamins and derivatives" and other commodities.

　　That is to say, although this kind of goods can be imported on the "positive list", they can’t be produced and operated as food in China, and they can’t be labeled as "drugs" and "health products".

　　The reporter found that there are still some e-commerce companies that directly mark their products as "health food (food health word)". The reporter contacted his customer service, who also called the product a health care product. In addition, on an e-commerce platform, the reporter screened according to "domestic" and still found more than 40 NMN products, but the products were marked as imported; According to the "blue hat logo" (food health word) screening, you can also find out related products.

　　More e-commerce companies play word games. Although searching for "elixir of youth" and "longevity medicine" can’t find out related products, searching for "gene medicine" has a large number of NMN products. On the one hand, the seller advertises the product as a "health care product" in the name of the product, but on the other hand, it indicates the product as a "non-food health word" in an inconspicuous position in the product details; While promoting that the product is "gene medicine" and "anti-aging pill", it is quietly marked that the product is not a medicine. Intern reporter Lu Yijia

　　■ Authoritative interpretation

　　Using "elixir of youth" to induce consumption and invoice "candy" to avoid responsibility

　　Lawyer Liu Ning of Beijing Yixing Law Firm said that whether the physical store promotes health care products with "candy" as the invoice or the online store promotes "medicine" and "health care products" with the word "non-food health care", such contradictory practices are the routine of merchants, which can induce consumers through false propaganda and evade their responsibilities, and consumers often have no way to complain, so consumers are advised to keep their eyes open and buy carefully.

　　Market supervision still needs to be exerted.

　　On January 14th, 2021, the Food Management Department of the State Administration of Market Supervision issued the Letter on Investigating the Illegal Operation of "Young Drugs", which indicated that the main component of "Young Drugs" was nicotinamide single nucleic acid (NMN) or was produced from it, and some of them existed in the form of common foods such as tabletted candy, mainly promoting the functions of "anti-aging, repairing DNA and preventing senile dementia". At present, NMN has not obtained the license of drugs, health foods, food additives and new food raw materials in China, that is, NMN cannot be produced and operated as food in China, and the letter also requires a comprehensive investigation of relevant operators.

　　The reporter consulted the Beijing Drug Administration and the Beijing Municipal Market Supervision Administration successively, but failed to get a clear reply on the regulatory issues. The insiders believe that in view of the problem of "elixir" using cross-border e-commerce related policies to avoid supervision, on the one hand, the regulatory authorities should change from traditional supervision methods to network supervision and effective supervision according to the characteristics of e-commerce platforms; On the other hand, the e-commerce platform should take the regulatory responsibility for related products, especially to strengthen advertising and review of quality and safety to protect consumers’ rights and interests.

　　■ Related links

　　Exaggerate propaganda and don’t be credulous.

　　Routine anti-aging health care product and imported gene drug NMN is the abbreviation of nicotinamide single nucleic acid, which is only a substance with potential value to delay aging. Related drugs and health care products have not been officially approved by China’s regulatory authorities, and even in the United States and Japan, they are only classified as a dietary supplement.

　　The routine returns from 60 years old to 20 years old. Some merchants of "Anti-aging Pills" mainly focus on their products against aging, saying that "the age is 30+, and the face is only 18". "The muscle vitality of 2-year-old mice has returned to the level of 6 months, which is equivalent to the 60-year-old people returning to 20 years old." However, it is understood that the published research results on the effectiveness of NMN are still at the level of animal experiments, and there is no clinical data to show that these effects are also produced in humans. Therefore, it is premature to directly publicize its anti-aging effect and there is no scientific basis.

　　Routine has been certified by both China and the United States. Many businesses flaunt their NMN products and get GRAS certification from the United States. It is worth noting that, regardless of the authenticity of the product certification, GRAS is the safety index of food additives evaluated by the US Food and Drug Administration, while the so-called authoritative certification of China is only the inspection and quarantine report of China Customs, which is not the certification of product efficacy. (Comprehensive arrangement of related reports)

　 　 Produced by the famous director Chen Guo and directed by Zhimin Sheng, China’s first constellation theme film.Strange events of the twelve constellationsIt has landed in major theaters across the country on July 13, and the constellation storm has hit the whole country. Since the film was released,AdaThe interpretation of Scorpio was praised in place. Recently, the film side exposed the fragment of Ada’s "Death of Scorpio" in the film. In this one-man show, five Ada will be painted at the same time. The sexy and enchanting and conservative styles will also bring Ada’s acting skills to the extreme.

Five Ada at the same time into the painting sexy+conservative inner monologue show acting skills

　 　 Ada didn’t have many scenes in the movie "The Strange Events of the Twelve Constellations", but as long as he appeared, there were many bright spots, and even the audience called Ada’s scenes in the film not enough. A few days ago, the film "The Death of Scorpio" was an inner monologue in which Ada suffered a catastrophe in the big house. In a confined space with only a mirror wall, Ada, dressed conservatively, will see four different enchanting and sexy shapes of himself in the mirror and lament his beauty. In just two minutes, Ada’s monologue mood will change from panic, calmness and collapse to being stabbed to death by the mirror, which shows his acting skills. Ada will also take off his hat of the vase with this film.

　 　 It is understood that the eye-catching shots such as the five people entering the scene and the broken mirror are all made by post-special effects, and the pictures are almost seamlessly spliced. The Korean special effects team has been making it for nearly half a year, and the director called it "hidden special effects". Under the visual impact, there will be no sense of special effects.

"The Death of Scorpio" was recognized by constellation experts, and Ada was praised as "sexy but not demon"

　 　 As far as the Scorpio woman portrayed by Ada is concerned, it can be said that she has been the most commented role by the audience and the industry after being released. Constellation experts once commented after watching the movie that the Scorpio woman portrayed by Ada showed Scorpio’s single-minded emotion and conservative daily life. Constellation expert Vivian also said: "A drama riding a motorcycle, looking forward to a new life, reflects Scorpio’s unknown little girl side and is the director’s ingenuity." Scorpio shows his sexy side to his lover. "When Pisces meets Scorpio, after the spark of first love blooms, what is left is entanglement and entanglement." Ada swam between "conservatism", "sexiness", "love" and "entanglement", and finally "Scorpio’s death" reached the peak of all emotions, with a high degree of completion, which was not only highly praised by the director, but also highly praised by the director. Weibo, a netizen film critic, commented after watching the movie "The Palace is Dignified": "The constellation movie" The Strange Events of the Twelve Constellations "makes people feel brand-new and has some heavy tastes, but it is amazing that there are also small fresh feelings in it, which is completely a new film form, and sexy Ada interprets a kind of ‘ Sexy but not demon ’ The taste.Especially fascinating, this is the characteristic of Scorpio, the irresistible temptation! "

Most people don’t know about the scavengers. In fact, in reality, a large number of garbage cleaners living in urban gaps are not homogeneous groups, and their internal division of labor and stratification have already formed. A large number of scavengers still have the expectation of gradual accumulation and upward mobility. However, despite the existence of opportunities for social mobility, they are also very fragile. A natural and man-made disaster is enough to bring their decades of struggle back to the original point.

In a village in south-central Henan province, we have repeatedly heard that most people in the village and surrounding areas have gone out to collect waste products, and some villagers have made a fortune by collecting waste products, so we asked the village cadres to introduce a villager who has been scavenging for a long time and knows the whole waste purchasing industry. This is how we met Fang Zhenye. The 65-year-old Fang Zhenye started scavenging in the 1980s, and worked in the waste industry until 2010. In the past 30 years, he went from scavenging and collecting waste at a fixed point to running a waste collection station step by step, and every step was deeply branded with the change of urban-rural relations.

(A) missed the opportunity for development and embarked on the road of scavenging

Fang Zhenye is small and thin, but his eyes are alert, he is good at talking, and his expression is clear, his logic is strong, and he is not lacking in literary talent. It can be seen that he has a solid foundation in reading when he was young.

He graduated from junior high school in 1970, and then worked as a farmer at home for one or two years. He joined the army in the second half of 1972 and worked as a soldier in Chengdu for four years. In 1975, he became the first batch of party member to join the Party, and soon became the monitor. In the fourth year of the army, he joined the cadre teaching team with excellent performance. This means that being trained with emphasis is very likely to stay in the army in the future, with broad prospects, but it has lost the opportunity by mistake. Fang Zhenye’s fiancee was not at ease at that time, fearing that she would not want to be herself after her high level, so she went to Fang Zhen’s industrial home. Unexpectedly, she just got sick there and sent a telegram to him at home, so the army asked her to treat her. Fang Zhenye was in the coaching team at that time, and was talked to by his superiors. What the army meant was that Fang Zhenye’s lover was sick and would be a drag in the future, so he could not be trained any more. He missed the development opportunity, retired and returned home.

In 1977, after returning home, Fang Zhenye continued to farm until 1985, when he began to go out to pick up rubbish. One of the main reasons for his going out is to avoid the fine of family planning. He was fined 120 yuan that year because of his super-life. Because of his limited agricultural income, he couldn’t pay the fine, so he had to find a way to hide out.

At first, Fang Zhenye, who had just returned from the army, could not pull his face down to collect junk. However, for the sake of the family’s life, he had to put down his figure and embark on this road without too high cost. He said that at that time, in order to avoid the embarrassment of meeting acquaintances, he pulled a rickshaw out early every morning and went home until he could not see anyone at night. In this way, I secretly scavenged from 1985 to 1992. At that time, the income of scavenging was 5 yuan a day, much higher than the salaries of teachers and village cadres, and the local people’s views gradually changed. By this time, 50% of the villagers had devoted themselves to scavenging.

(2) Going out to pick up rubbish: being taken in for deportation.

In order to check the scrap market, Fang Zhenye lived in Anyang’s younger brother’s house for ten days in 1992. His brother is a college student and his sister-in-law is the head nurse. After living in his brother’s house for ten days, he felt very uncomfortable. He was afraid of being looked down upon by his brother, especially his sister-in-law, so he finally gave up Anyang and went to Luoyang with his relatives in a rage. After staying in Luoyang for three months, he collected waste products wholeheartedly. Fang Zhenye said that he was not so ashamed at that time. After returning from Luoyang, he stayed at home for more than 20 days, found five or six relatives with the same temper, and went to Dalian together. Dalian is a main battlefield for many local villagers to collect waste products. Until now, some villagers still do waste products business in Dalian.

Fang Zhenye’s memory of Dalian is not good. He said, "Dalian people and Henan people have different personalities, and they are violent, especially those who pick up junk." During his stay in Dalian, he was often injured, as were several people who went with him. After staying in Dalian for about half a year, five or six people who went with him came back one after another, and Fang Zhenye himself came back. During his six months in Dalian, Fang Zhenye was taken in for three times. Generally, the police station is involved in the management. When you arrive at the police station, you will be beaten first, and then you will be sent to the detention and repatriation station overnight at most. Before you send it, you must make a statement that you will never accept waste again and will never be here again. Then the detention and repatriation station will use the money of the deported people to buy train tickets and send them to the train. Only when the train starts will the person in charge of repatriation leave. Fang Zhen escaped from the shelter twice, once was sent home, stayed for five days and went to Dalian. The reason why they want to escape is that they can’t go to their residence to get their luggage and certificates when they are caught in the police station and sent directly from the police station to the detention and repatriation station. The first two times, because someone paid for bail, it usually takes 500-600 yuan to get bail; At that time, the income from collecting waste products was only 200-300 yuan a month. "If you come out for a month or two and get caught again, it will be finished." The third time, they were sent back because Dalian wanted to clean up the foreign population. Fang Zhenye said that his ID card and discharge certificate were lost this time, not to mention money and clothes. Fang Zhenye was very angry because he lost his discharge certificate, because it could not be reissued.Later, when he received the retirement allowance, he did not have a retirement certificate and was not recognized. Being repatriated, Fang Zhenye had no choice but to return to his hometown.

Fang Zhenye mentioned that at that time, some people in the village went out to work, and every year when they came back during the Spring Festival, people got together to discuss what they could do to make money. He said, "(At that time) officials earned more than 100 yuan a month, village cadres and primary school teachers earned a few dollars a month, and garbage collectors earned 500 yuan a month, making more money than county heads." Under such circumstances, after discussion, everyone still feels that it is more reliable to collect waste products. "After coming back (from Dalian), I was tempted by money and wanted to go, but I was afraid." At this time, Fang Zhenye’s lover discussed with her husband that she went to Dalian to collect waste products, and her husband took care of the children and cultivated the land at home. She thought, "When a woman is outside, people will have some sympathy, at least not being beaten." In this way, his wife went to Dalian and collected waste products in Dalian for nearly a year until Fang Zhenye was introduced to Beijing through another relative. In 1994, Fang Zhenye and his wife went to Beijing with their 17-year-old son. Since then, from 1994 to 2011, Fang Zhen’s family has been collecting waste products in Beijing. Despite the difficulties, relying on his hard work, luck and intelligence, Fang Zhenye opened up a situation in Beijing and experienced many twists and turns.

(3) The golden age of scavengers: "If you can pick up junk for three years, you will not give it to a county magistrate."

When I first arrived in Beijing, it was difficult to find a stable place to stay. At that time, for the sake of safety, the neighborhood Committee refused to let waste collectors in. Fang Zhenye managed to find a community to help the community clean up and take care of bicycles for free. They start cleaning at 3: 00 a.m. every day. By 7: 00 a.m. before breakfast, the day’s cleaning work has been finished. During the day, they collect waste products without wasting time. From 1994 to 1995, it took a year or so for Fang Zhenye’s family to be gradually recognized by the community and basically settled down from 1995.

When Fang Zhenye’s family first arrived in this community, they were careful everywhere and spent a lot of time on building good relations with the residents of the community. During the wheat harvest season in 1994, Fang Zhenye didn’t let his eldest son go back to his hometown to harvest with him, let him stay in that community to continue his work, and specially told his son not to be too busy collecting waste products and to do a good job for others. The eldest son is sensible, does a good job, and looks likable. The old lady in the neighborhood Committee likes this child, so Fang Zhenye and his family live in the community, and the waste products are also given to them directly. For Fang Zhenye’s family to live in, the neighborhood committee cleared out the small house where the garbage truck used to be, and built another shed to store the garbage truck. So this small house of about 8 square meters became the residence of Fang Zhenye’s family, and they lived there for ten years. Fang Zhenye said, "All my three sons grew up in that community."

Fang Zhenye told his son that he must have a good relationship with people. "We are at the bottom, and people are superior. Standing in front of people, people are too dirty. How can we have contact with people? I can only help people. " Fang Zhenye’s neighborhood is the family building of the municipal party committee. He said, "The heads of all units are there, the director, the manager and the manager. Officials have a characteristic: they are willing to pay, but unwilling to contribute. He didn’t take the flowerpot, rice and a few pounds of things, so let’s take them. We have sent more (times), and when he comes down from upstairs, there will be waste or food. If we are not here, they will put the food directly on our booth. " Fang Zhenye said that at that time, half of their food was sent by residents. For him, this solved their big problem. Several sons are big boys, and they can’t cook, and they can’t cook where they live.

There are about 1000 households in this community. The waste products that Fang Zhenye collected and sold at that time ranged from paper, cartons and cans to waste plastics, scrap copper and iron. At that time, they can easily get a net income of two or three hundred yuan a month. If they are lucky, their net income can be five or six hundred yuan a month. Therefore, in the mid-1990s, there was a popular saying in Henan, "You can pick up rags for three years and give them to a county magistrate." The peak of the whole waste purchasing industry was from 1994 to 2000. In the early 1990s, the income from collecting waste products was 200-300 yuan per month, and in the mid-1990s, it reached 400-500 yuan per month. At the same time, the monthly salary of a secretary of a township party committee was only over 100 yuan, and that of a teacher was only a few dollars.

From the mid-1990s to the early 2000s, there were two main ways to collect waste products. One is not fixed, commonly known as "garbage pickers". These people carry a bag with a stick and walk around the streets. Such people account for the majority of the people who collect waste products. The other is to collect waste products at fixed points, which must be recognized by neighborhood committees and residents. The number is very small, and Fang Zhenye belongs to this category.

Fang Zhenye explained that although he started to buy in the community in 1995, he completely occupied the community after 1997. In the second half of 1997, Fang Zhen returned to his hometown to build a house. When he returned to Beijing in 1998, it was no longer an open community, and all communities were fenced off. During this period, because it is easy to make money by collecting waste products, people from all walks of life collect them. "The more people collect, the more things there are, and the less income there is. Young people with brains have begun to take crooked ways and steal. " Fang Zhenye said that the construction of a closed residential area was planned by Beijing in a unified way, and the house in his residential area and security room was built by his father and son. From the beginning of building a closed community, it became possible for a community to be contracted by one or two, and then it gradually evolved into a later type of waste acquisition-"package community" to collect waste.

As for Zhenye, although his community was closed in 1997, at that time he still cleaned the community for free in exchange for not paying the contract fee. However, by around 2000, residents began to realize that all waste collectors were rich, and some residents suggested, "Don’t look at junk collectors, they are rich, and they have to bleed." Fang Zhenye said, "At first, residents regarded waste collectors as beggars, but they were woken up at night and closed the windows." Later, it was found that it was not easy to collect waste products, and it was also interesting to sell waste products (for us). We were not allowed to collect sanitation at night, and we could not collect sanitation before 5 am. " From then on, people who collect waste products at fixed points like Fang Zhenye began to pay a certain contract fee to the neighborhood committee.

The change of the status of scavengers is actually hidden in the anxiety of urban people caused by social stratification. Scavengers originally lived in the gap of the city and were sympathized by the city people. However, with the changes in the city in the 1990s and the rising income of scavengers, they began to become a threat to the urban middle class with increasingly unstable status and uncertain future.

(four) the restructuring of state-owned enterprises, laid-off workers and the expulsion of scavengers

After 2000, another more important change has taken place in the waste collection industry, because at this time, a large number of urban workers were laid off due to the restructuring of state-owned enterprises, making urban cleaning an important channel for the employment placement of "4050 personnel", and the scavengers who had existed in the urban gap must make way at this time. For the other zhenye, the change began with the change of the neighborhood Committee. Since 2001, college students have started to work in neighborhood committees, while old ladies who used to work in neighborhood committees have to retire if they are over 55 years old. After six months’ training in street offices, college students who have just graduated from university will go to work in neighborhood committees. Around 2004, the director and deputy director of the neighborhood Committee who had been dealing with Fang Zhenye for many years were replaced. In less than three months, things changed.

One day, the new college student director came to talk to Fang Zhenye about the new policy of the community. When talking about this, Fang Zhenye pondered for a long time before he thought of the word that made him very headache at that time: "standard". He said, "I can’t even hear the word, and my head is big when I hear it." The director of the neighborhood Committee came to express two meanings. First, the community work should be "standardized" now, and booth fees should be charged for those who collect waste products; To clean up the sanitation, a special cleaning company should be set up, and it should be cleaned in a fixed period of time during the day. "Even if it is cleaned up before 7 o’clock in the morning, the leaves will come down again when it is windy during the day. Let the residents see the cleaning staff cleaning up. If you collect sanitation at night, the residents will only see that you are collecting waste. " Second, if there are unemployed people in this community who can’t find jobs, they should replace the original cleaning staff and give priority to the unemployed people in this community. Fang Zhenye said, "What community college students explain is that’ cleaning staff’ and’ cleaning’ are to ensure cleanliness at any time. You look at this explanation, so you say,’ Those who work hard rule people, and those who work hard rule people’. "

Soon, the new regulations will be implemented. Fang Zhenye said, "As a reason for arranging unemployed people, we were cleared out. But suddenly clear us out, what should I do? " He went to several old ladies to intercede, but several people said that it was no good and must be "standardized". When Fang Zhenye was worried, the residents who had arranged to take over his work came to see him. "I said what you should do, I won’t hold you up. I’ll leave as soon as I find a place. He said he wouldn’t do (cleaning). I understood after listening to his words. I asked,’ Do you sell (this job)?’ Finally, we agreed that I would give him money and I would continue to do my original work. "Unexpectedly, one day not long after, the residents’ committee suddenly gave Fang Zhenye a good lecture and forced him to leave. Fang Zhenye said, "At that time, college students were very fierce. If they were angry, they would get angry. If they said, you would slap you!" In desperation, Fang Zhenye can only find another way out.

(5) From scavengers to "waste recyclers": paying money to "package the community"

From 2004 to 2008, Fang Zhenye and his son were employed by the cleaning department of another residential property to clean up the garbage, and their salary was 700 yuan/month. Fang Zhenye proposed to the property department that he didn’t want a salary, as long as he was allowed to collect sanitation and clear away the waste. At that time, their gross income from selling waste products could reach 5,000 yuan a month, which was handed over to the property 1000 yuan.

Fang Zhenye said that cleaning up garbage is a work that requires experience, and not everyone can do it well. At that time, in the residential area where he lived, each building had 28 floors, each floor had a garbage room, and the garbage of 12 households on each floor was put in the garbage room. At 8 o’clock in the morning, the cleaning staff carried out the garbage with the bag of the trash can and collected it layer by layer. Because there is a distance from the garbage room to the elevator, and garbage bags often contain soy sauce bottles, vinegar bottles, leftovers, etc., inexperienced employees often delay time because of garbage leakage, which also makes residents dissatisfied. According to the regulations of the property department, the cleaning staff in the learning stage need to collect a building within 2 hours. Mature employees can take it in 80 minutes, and high-tech employees can take it in 50 minutes. Fang Zhenye usually comes down within an hour, so although someone else has changed in the middle of the property to collect it, he finally had to bring Fang Zhenye back because of complaints from residents.

From Fang Zhenye’s point of view, there are several principles for choosing what kind of community to enter. The first is to see whether there are more commodity buildings or family buildings in the community. The income of purchasers in commodity buildings is twice as much as that in family buildings, because all the people living in commodity buildings are rich. The second is to see how many doors are opened in this community. The more doors there are, the more uneconomical it is, because the more doors there are, the more people from outside will come in to collect waste products. The third is to look at the number of households. Fang Zhenye and his fellow villagers once discussed a general rule that people who buy waste products can earn an average of 1 yuan from each household every day.

Since the closure of the community and the standardization of waste purchase, the "waste recyclers" in the community have been managed by the property department and paid contract fees to the property. With the increasingly fierce competition for scrap purchase, the property keeps raising the contract fee. Fang Zhenye said that according to the current market, in a community of about 10,000 people, the waste recyclers have to pay 70,000 yuan to the property a year.

(6) A short turnaround under the economic crisis: renting a waste collection station.

After the 2008 Olympic Games, the economic crisis suddenly appeared in the second half of the year. Fang Zhenye said that at that time, some waste collection stations lost hundreds of thousands at once. A waste collection station usually needs millions of dollars, and the collection station usually stores a certain amount of waste before selling it. The sudden economic crisis has caused these collection stations with hundreds of thousands of goods to lose a lot of money at one time. Some people are buying stations operated by loans, but they can’t see hope, and they are also urged to pay debts. Just in the area where Fang Zhenye is located, three people who run buying stations committed suicide, all from Gushi County, Henan Province.

With many years of industry experience, Fang Zhenye has a keen grasp and analysis ability of information. After the economic crisis, the price of waste products fell to the bottom in the second half of 2008. At this time, Fang Zhenye, who had a good idea of the situation, spent all his money, borrowed some money, raised about 300,000 yuan, and rented a purchasing station with his three sons to do the business of scrap copper and aluminum. He believes that under the circumstances at that time, the price of waste products can no longer go down, and it will definitely pick up. As expected, after the end of 2008, the price of waste really began to pick up. The rent of the purchasing station contracted by Fang Zhenye at that time was 4,000 yuan/month. If it is well managed, the monthly net income can be more than 6,000 yuan; General management, net income is only 2000 yuan.

After more than two years of running the acquisition station, the economic crisis appeared again. Fang Zhenye said that when he saw the falling oil price, he quickly withdrew. According to his many years’ experience, if the price of oil rises, the price will rise; When oil prices fall, prices will also fall, and the waste business will also weaken. With such keen judgment and analytical ability, Fang Zhenye has not suffered a big loss in the acquisition of waste products, and has avoided big price fluctuations. Until returning to his hometown, Fang Zhenye has been paying attention to the market of the waste industry, but the market has been bad in recent years, so he has never made another shot. He estimated that he would never do the junk business again.

(7) Sudden storms: Cancer has exhausted years of savings.

In the second half of 2010, Fang Zhenye’s wife had a stomachache, and it was diagnosed as duodenal cancer. She stayed in a hospital in Beijing for more than 20 days and spent more than 40,000 yuan, but the hospital did not study for 3 or 4 weeks. Finally, Fang Zhen was asked to take a living specimen to the cancer hospital for testing, and the result of the test was that it was likely to become cancerous, so the hospital asked them to transfer to another hospital quickly.

In the Spring Festival of 2010, Fang Zhenye took his wife home for the New Year and returned to Beijing for treatment the following year. He spent tens of thousands of yuan, through various relationships, transferred to a hospital where a fellow villager was the vice president. According to the situation at that time, if you don’t have surgery, your wife will have a life span of up to 3 years; If you have an operation, you may die on the operating table, but you may also survive. If you live for another 20 or 30 years, doctors are 75% sure. What my wife means is that if it is only 10,000 yuan, I will have an operation. If it is more than 10,000 yuan, I will not do it. Several sons could not make a decision, and finally Fang Zhenye made a decision and had an operation. It cost nearly 0.2 million/200 thousand before and after, and finally it survived. Fang Zhenye said that before his wife got sick, he had more than 100,000 yuan in his hand. At that time, he had planned to buy a house for his son in the suburbs of Beijing. As a result, his wife’s illness almost spent the original savings.

Fang Zhenye and his wife withdrew from the waste industry. After returning to their hometown, their sons still made a living outside, but they stopped doing waste business. The eldest son bought a big truck and transported muck for more than a year. The second son, together with his daughter-in-law, contracted the sanitation of a hotel. The third son set up a grocery store in Dalian. Because he just started to open a store, he was not familiar with it. He bought fakes and was cheated. After more than two years, he lost 50,000 to 60,000 yuan. This year, he just started to turn around.

A scene in Agnès Varda’s gleaner (the picture has nothing to do with it)

Fang Zhenye’s story is only the corner of the joys and sorrows of countless scavengers in Henan Province, but it is also clearly marked by major social changes such as the detention and repatriation system and the reform of state-owned enterprises. The changes in urban-rural relations have shaped a major turning point in the life of scavengers.Fang Zhenye, who locates himself at the bottom of society,In fact, both IQ and EQ are extremely high. After years of hard work in the waste purchase market, you can accurately grasp the situation, analyze the market and make timely moves. What he lacks is just a little luck. In Henan, a region with a large population and scarce resources, there are many people with outstanding abilities, but they just lack opportunities. Occasionally, a few lucky people can achieve social mobility and get rid of the "bottom" label.

In this village of nearly 4,000 people where Fang Zhenye is located, among the 10 households with an annual income of more than 1 million (about 1% of all households in the village), 3 households started from scrap purchase, and now they run their own scrap purchase market; Of the more than 30 households (accounting for about 3% of all households in the village) with an annual income of 500-1 million, about 10 households are engaged in the work related to waste purchase, mainly engaged in waste processing or second-hand goods business, and some of them later switched from other industries to waste industry. That is to say, about a quarter of the nearly 50 households with the highest income of 5% in the village are engaged in waste-related work, accounting for about 1% in the village, and some of them did not start from the waste industry, but invested in the accumulation of other industries. Compared with that year, nearly 90% of the people in the village were involved in collecting waste products, but less than 1% completely changed their fate. The social mobility of scavengers is really difficult.

Even with high IQ and high EQ, such as Fang Zhenye, he survived the squeeze of the laid-off tide and avoided the impact of the economic crisis, but he still returned to the original point because of a serious illness of his family. Although all three sons grew up in urban communities, it is still difficult for them to stay in cities, and the hope of intergenerational mobility is still unknown.

(The name in the article is a pseudonym. )

CCTV News:　On 14th local time, the Federal Reserve opened a two-day monetary policy meeting, and will announce the resolution of the meeting on 15th. As the United States is facing the worst inflation situation in 40 years, the market’s expectation of the Fed’s aggressive interest rate hike is heating up. Many major banks and investment banks, such as JPMorgan Chase and Wells Fargo, generally expect that the Federal Reserve will announce a 75 basis point interest rate hike to curb inflation soaring again. This may also be the largest rate hike by the Federal Reserve since 1994.

In March this year, the Federal Reserve raised the target range of the federal funds rate by 25 basis points from the level close to zero, which started the tightening cycle to curb inflation. At the beginning of May, the Federal Reserve announced another 50 basis points interest rate hike, and hinted that it might raise interest rates by 50 basis points each time in June, July and September this year.
　　　　　　 More and more economists believe that the Fed takes more radical measures to deal with inflation, and the risk of the US economy falling into recession is rising.

The Fed’s last round of interest rate hikes and contraction caused heavy losses in emerging economies.

It is not alarmist for the Federal Reserve to harvest the world and consolidate American financial hegemony by raising interest rates.

The Federal Reserve started the last round of interest rate hike cycle in December 2015. By the end of 2018, the Federal Reserve raised interest rates nine times. During this period, the Fed also launched a plan to reduce its balance sheet to gradually withdraw from the loose monetary policy introduced after the financial crisis. Under the impact of the Fed’s continuous interest rate hike and table contraction, the liquidity of the US dollar continues to tighten around the world, and many emerging economies and some developing countries have experienced different degrees of local currency depreciation, capital outflows and economic setbacks.

In order to consider the interests of the United States and curb inflation, the Federal Reserve started a new round of interest rate hike cycle in December 2015, and raised interest rates four times in 2018, and the US dollar index rose sharply. At the same time, in October 2017, the Federal Reserve officially launched the table reduction plan to reduce its super-large balance sheet, and the market currency circulation decreased. The dual role of raising interest rates and shrinking the balance sheet has caused emerging market countries with high external financing needs to bear the brunt and suffer heavy losses.

In 2018, the exchange rate of Argentina’s national currency peso against the US dollar fell by 50.56%, and the inflation rate reached 47.6%, the highest in 27 years. In order to curb the devaluation of the peso, the Argentine government had to seek financial assistance from the International Monetary Fund. In June 2018, it finally reached a loan agreement of 50 billion US dollars to make up for the fiscal deficit and stabilize the exchange rate.

The Brazilian currency, the real, also continued to depreciate in 2018. Although the intervention of the Brazilian central bank led to a rapid decline in the exchange rate, it still failed to reverse the reality that the real depreciated by 20% against the US dollar.

Due to the massive outflow of capital and the deterioration of the balance of payments, the expectation of exchange rate depreciation continued to strengthen. In August 2018, there was a currency crisis in Turkey, and the lira exchange rate plummeted by more than 30%, which led to a slowdown in investment and consumption, and the prices of daily consumer goods and energy rose sharply.

Market analysts pointed out that when the quantitative easing monetary policy was implemented in the United States, a large amount of funds flowed to emerging market countries, which fostered local currency and asset bubbles to varying degrees. However, the Fed’s interest rate hike caused a large amount of funds to flow back to the United States, the global monetary tightening, and a large amount of funds from emerging market countries, which triggered exchange rate turmoil and even led to currency crisis or financial crisis. However, the "shrinking table" policy adopted by the United States is to "pump water" from the "reservoir" of the financial market. In the highly leveraged environment of the American financial system, its lethality is even greater, leading to the loss of investor confidence and the bursting of the financial asset bubble. Through these operations, the United States absorbs the high-quality assets of emerging economies, passes on its own crisis, and easily "shears wool".

[Global Network Comprehensive Report] According to US media reports on February 22, the new Volvo XC90 was released on the 22nd. The car’s exterior and interior have undergone minor changes, as well as power system and energy efficiency upgrades.

Russell Datz, a Volvo spokesperson, has confirmed that the new XC90 will go on sale later this year as a 2020 model year and that the new powertrain will not be available in the early US market. Other market models will be equipped with a new braking-by-wire system, which includes a kinetic energy recovery function. The mild hybrid system works with Volvo’s existing internal combustion engine to recover lost energy during braking. Volvo expects the system to improve fuel economy by 15 per cent and reduce emissions from the XC90 by 15 per cent.

Volvo will mark the new powertrains with a "B". Other market models outside the US will be available in gasoline or diesel versions of the XC90 B5, or B6 petrol models. Volvo says these powertrains will eventually become standard for the brand.

It is not clear when the new powertrain will be available on US models, but the existing T8 powertrain has increased its battery capacity from 10.4 to 11.6kwh. Worldwide, the T6 and T8 powertrains with 2.0-liter turbocharged and supercharged inline-4-cylinder engines also feature braking-by-wire technology similar to the B5 engine. Volvo says the new car’s range has also increased by 15%. The T8 powertrain can now deliver 420 horsepower, compared to 400 horsepower previously. But Datz says the only change on US models is the larger battery size, while the T6 and T8 powertrains have not yet changed.

In terms of appearance, the 2020 XC90 features a new grille design, new wheels, and new exterior color options. In terms of interior, the new car is equipped with a new luxury wool blend trim and new leather seats. The car is available in six- and seven-seat versions.

Active safety features include a blind spot monitor and automatic steering auxiliary features for the pedestrian detection system. In addition, the new car is equipped with a lane deflection reminder function to help relieve lane traffic pressure.

The 2020 XC90 will begin production at the Torslanda plant in Sweden this May.

(Internship Compiler: Li Yumin, Reviewer: Liu Yang)

　　Recently, Bai Yansong’s interview with Horton, editor-in-chief of The Lancet, broadcast by the multi-language radio and television of the General Station and new media, has aroused great concern in the international media, including Russia, the United States, Germany, Britain, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Australia, Spain, Portugal, the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Albania, Serbia, India, Turkey, Iran, Nigeria, Qatar, Pakistan, Indonesia, etc.

　　Among them, the relevant news materials compiled and distributed by the International Video News Agency of the reception desk were quoted by 29 TV stations in 17 countries and regions, including the news channel of all-Russian radio and television company, XHDTV TV station in the United States, Al Araby TV station in Britain, Club-RTL TV station in Belgium, RTL TV station in the Netherlands, RTL TV station in Luxembourg, SIC TV station in Portugal, independent TV station in Portugal, Spanish national TV station, SBS TV station in Australia, Al Jazeera TV station in Qatar and Astro Gorgeous TV station in Malaysia, with a total broadcast of 199 times. In addition, Hong Kong Wen Wei Po, Hong Kong Ta Kung Pao and other Chinese media have also been widely forwarded.

　　According to the report, the World Health Organization defined the epidemic as an international public health emergency on January 30, which was a warning to the world. Unfortunately, many countries did not pay attention to early warning, resulting in tens of thousands of deaths, which could have been avoided. Some people are accusing China of being the source of the epidemic, but the accusation is useless and untrue. What we really need to do is to calm down and cooperate with the China municipal government to understand the epidemic situation, so as to do everything possible to ensure that the epidemic situation will not come back. China himself did not want to see the outbreak of the epidemic, nor should he be responsible for it.

　　Mainstream national television stations have forwarded relevant reports.

　　XHDTV, American Spanish TV station: Horton said that many countries did not pay attention to the epidemic information obtained in January.

　　XHDTV, a Spanish television station in the United States, directly quoted Horton’s same period in the news material released by the International Video News Agency: "In the last week of January, we already knew about these situations, but most western countries, such as the United States, wasted the whole time in February and early March, which was a man-made tragedy in COVID-19. China doctors, scientists and world scientists cooperated, and we got this information in January, but other countries in the world did not pay attention to this information. "

　　British AI Araby TV: The editor-in-chief of The Lancet said that the world should work together to prevent and control the epidemic.

　　British Al Araby TV station quoted the news material released by the International Video News Agency as saying that China CCTV broadcasted an interview with Richard Horton, editor-in-chief of The Lancet, and compared the differences between China and the United States in responding to the epidemic. Horton said: "China’s decision to block Wuhan shows that the China government has taken decisive action in the face of an emergency."

　　Spanish national television: The person in charge of The Lancet said that "the most important thing now is to work together to eliminate the virus threat."

　　The International Channel, News Channel and Channel 1 of Spanish national television released reports entitled "Interview with Editor-in-Chief of The Lancet: Regret that the virus dispute has turned into a political struggle" and "Editor-in-Chief of The Lancet: China’s scientific development has reached the world’s leading level" respectively. According to the report, the head of the famous British medical magazine The Lancet said that the most important thing now is to work together to eliminate the virus threat.

　　Spanish national television news channel (Canal 24 Horas)↓

　　TVE Internacional)↓

　　Portuguese Independent Television News Channel (TVI 24)

　　Portugal’s independent television news channel (TVI 24) quoted Horton’s same period in the news material released by the international video news agency: "Western countries think that this virus can spread among people and protect us after causing domestic group immunity, but in fact this is a serious misjudgment."

　　Portugal SIC TV integrated channel ↓

　　Australian SBS TV: The editor-in-chief of The Lancet said that "it is a pity that the virus battle has turned into a political struggle."

　　The head of The Lancet, a famous British medical journal, said that he regretted that countries such as China and the United States were having geopolitical discussions on coronavirus, and the most important thing now was to work together to eliminate the virus threat.

　　Russian Business Consulting Television (RBC TV) reported "The Lancet"〉Editor-in-Chief: Western countries pay little attention to the epidemic.

　　The news channel of all-Russian national television broadcasting corporation (Rossiya 24) directly quoted Horton’s same period in the news material released by the international video news agency: "China does not want to see the outbreak of the epidemic, nor should it be responsible for it. But things have happened. Doctors and scientists in China have made the most outstanding contributions. They have given advice to the government, treated patients and protected the lives of China citizens. Unfortunately, some people accuse China of being the source of the spread of the epidemic. In fact, the accusation is useless and not true. "

　　Iranian English News TV:Horton accused western countries of turning a blind eye.

　　Press TV quoted the news material published by the international video news agency as saying that Richard Horton, editor-in-chief of the medical magazine The Lancet, accused the western countries of turning a blind eye: "In the last week of January, we already knew about these situations, but most western countries, such as the United States, wasted the whole February and early March, which is a man-made tragedy." Horton praised China’s response to the epidemic, saying that it has done better than other countries. Horton believes that China’s rapid and decisive response is due to the experience of SARS, and that China has the scientific strength and medical ability to deal with the epidemic.

　　

　　Belgium Club-RTL/Kidz-RTL TV Station ↓

　　Dutch RTL 5 TV station ↓

　　Luxembourg RTL TV ↓

　　Al Jazeera Balkans)↓

　　Astro Wah Lai Toi, Malaysia & Darr;

　　Newspapers, websites, radio stations and other media in mainstream countries have also reported on the interview.

　　Russian media:"Virus conspiracy theory" is ridiculous.

　　The Russian newspaper, the organ of the Russian state government, published a report entitled "Richard Horton said that the conspiracy theory on the origin of the virus is ridiculous". According to the report, in response to rumors such as "virus conspiracy theory", Horton said that these statements are very ridiculous, but we should also pay attention to them. The "virus conspiracy theory" is not good for fighting the epidemic. We must understand the origin of the virus and study it with a scientific attitude.

　　Newsvideo, a mainstream Russian news website, published reports entitled "Horton, Editor-in-Chief of The Lancet: China’s scientific development SARS reached the leading level in the world" and "Horton, Editor-in-Chief of The Lancet: China’s experience is to make quick and decisive decisions". According to the report, doctors and scientists in China have made the most outstanding contributions, and leaders of some countries criticized China, which is unfair and wrong. We should thank doctors and scientists in China for fighting the epidemic. "

　　The German website of European Times published a report entitled "Covid-19: Editor-in-Chief The Lancet criticizes conspiracy theories".

　　It is reported that Dr Horton, editor-in-chief of The Lancet, a British medical journal, criticized the conspiracy theory against COVID-19 virus. In a video conversation with CCTV, Horton called the "virus conspiracy theory" ridiculous. We must understand the origin of the virus and study it with a scientific attitude, and we must not let such conspiracy theories disturb our thinking. The negative impact caused by such conspiracy theories is very serious.

　　Italian Daily: "The Lancet"〉The editor-in-chief accepted an exclusive interview: Thanks to China’s efforts in fighting the epidemic, international cooperation is crucial.

　　The article quoted Horton’s statement in an interview with the main station. Horton said that the decision made by the China government in the face of the epidemic emergency was very decisive, giving the world time to respond, and we should thank China for this. He pointed out that some people accused China of being the source of the epidemic, which was useless and untrue. In recent months, the whole world has been fighting against two kinds of epidemics, one caused by viruses and the other by false information. Finally, he stressed that the most important thing to deal with the epidemic is the cooperation among countries. We need to join hands with our Chinese colleagues to invest in global medical scientific research, which is a very important goal after the epidemic.

　　Japanese media: Horton, editor-in-chief of The Lancet, refuted "conspiracy theory of virus origin" and "responsibility theory"

　　On May 2nd, Record China, the largest Japanese China information portal, published an article entitled "Horton, editor-in-chief of The Lancet, refutes" conspiracy theory on the origin of virus "and" responsibility theory ". According to the report, Horton, editor-in-chief of The Lancet, said that it is useless and untrue to accuse China of being the source of the epidemic, and China has many experiences worth learning from the world.

　　The Japanese video portal "Oricon" published an article entitled "The editor-in-chief of" The Lancet "thinks that the epidemic discussion should not be regarded as a part of geopolitical struggle". According to the report, Horton said that the COVID-19 epidemic is a common problem faced by mankind and should not be regarded as a part of geopolitical struggle.

　　South Korea’s "Asian Economy" website: Richard Horton, editor-in-chief of The Lancet, responds to "conspiracy theory of virus origin" and "responsibility theory"

　　The report quoted Horton, editor-in-chief of The Lancet, as saying in an interview that the China government decided to block Wuhan in the face of an emergency. By blocking Wuhan, China allowed the world time to deal with the epidemic, which was not only the right decision, but also showed other countries how to deal with the urgent threat of the epidemic. We should thank China for its efforts in fighting the epidemic in Wuhan.

　　Official website RTSH, Albanian National Radio and Television Station: On the Origin of China’s Counterattack Virus.

　　The report focuses on Horton’s opposition to "the theory of virus origin" and "the theory of China’s responsibility" and his support for experts and medical workers in China, and emphasizes that the world should thank China for its positive actions and support China to make more cooperative voices in its post-epidemic work.

　　Indian media:The "conspiracy theory of virus origin" is untenable.

　　On May 3rd, official website, a mainstream Indian newspaper, forwarded a report entitled "The conspiracy theory of virus origin is untenable" by the Hindi Department of the reception desk. Richard Horton, editor-in-chief of the internationally renowned medical magazine The Lancet, said in an interview with the reception desk that "the conspiracy theory of virus origin" and "the responsibility theory" were nonsense and totally untenable.

　　Horton was quoted as saying that China’s blockade of Wuhan gave the rest of the world time to respond to the COVID-19 epidemic. Therefore, we should thank China for its efforts to fight the epidemic. However, the behavior of some western politicians is disappointing. They not only spread the "conspiracy theory of virus origin", but also criticize other countries or organizations without foundation. We should thank the doctors and scientists in China who fought the epidemic. Facing the epidemic, the international community should unite and cooperate.

　　The website of Daily Bells, the mainstream Tamil media in India, reported that the editor-in-chief of The Lancet said that a scientific investigation should be conducted on the origin of the virus.

　　Indian WION News Channel reported that Richard Horton, editor-in-chief of British medical magazine The Lancet, said that western countries ignored the warning of Covid-19 pandemic issued as early as January.

　　Kazakhstan’s national economic weekly, Kazakhstan Industrial News: The Lancet’s editor-in-chief accepts an exclusive interview with Bai Yansong; Richard Horton: The conspiracy theory on the origin of the virus is ridiculous.

　　Horton, editor-in-chief of The Lancet, said that doctors and scientists in the United States have done a very good job in dealing with the epidemic, but what disappointed him was American politicians, who advocated conspiracy theories, supported some treatments without clear evidence, and publicly criticized other countries or organizations.

　　Turkish Economic Observer Network: Horton, editor-in-chief of The Lancet, called conspiracy theories related to the source of the virus ridiculous.

　　According to the report, Horton, editor-in-chief of The Lancet, pointed out that the decision of the China government to "blockade" Wuhan was very decisive in the face of an emergency. By "blocking" Wuhan, China has given countries around the world time to deal with the epidemic. This is not only the right decision, but also shows other countries how to deal with the urgent threat of the epidemic. Horton believes that China should be thanked for its efforts in fighting the epidemic.

　　At present, there are some people in the world who accuse China of being the source of the COVID-19 epidemic. Horton said that this accusation is useless and untrue. What we really need to do is to calm down and cooperate with the government of China, and do everything possible to ensure that the epidemic will not come back. China doesn’t want to see the outbreak, and it shouldn’t be responsible for it.

　　Iranian media: "lancet》The editor-in-chief called the conspiracy theory about the origin of the virus ridiculous.

　　Iranian Tasneem News Agency reported "Editor-in-Chief of The Lancet Medical Journal: Some American politicians’ remarks about COVID-19 are disappointing". According to the report, the "virus conspiracy theory" is unfavorable to the fight against the epidemic. We must understand the origin of the virus and study it with a scientific attitude.

　　Iranian mainstream media "Global Online" website published a report "Editor-in-Chief of The Lancet: The conspiracy theory about the origin of the virus is ridiculous".

　　Nigerian Hausa newspaper Leader: Richard Horton: Conspiracy theories about Covid-19 should not be spread.

　　On May 1st, Richard Horton, editor-in-chief of The Lancet, a top international medical journal, accepted an exclusive interview with CCTV to respond to public concerns. In response to rumors such as "virus conspiracy theory", Horton said that these statements are very ridiculous. "Virus conspiracy theory" is not good for fighting the epidemic, and the negative impact caused by this conspiracy theory is very serious.

　　Regarding the remarks made by some politicians in the United States, Horton said that he greatly appreciated the scientific and medical development level in the United States, but he was disappointed by American politicians, who advocated conspiracy theories, supported some treatments without conclusive evidence, and publicly criticized other countries or organizations. This practice is useless. What we should do is to strengthen cooperation to deal with the challenges brought by the epidemic. Dividing countries and people cannot effectively deal with this threat facing all mankind.

　　In addition, Serbian Newsweek magazine, Pakistan’s FM98 China-Pakistan Friendship Network, Indonesia’s Elsinda Radio, Nepal’s Urban Online Network, Arabic News Network under North Macedonia’s ATV Media Group, Myanmar’s online media Opinion Leaders and other overseas mainstream media also forwarded the relevant reports of the reception desk.

　　Serbian mainstream media Nedeljnik)↓

　　Pakistan FM98 China-Pakistan Friendship Network Report ↓

　　IndiaRadio Elsinda, the largest private radio station in Nigeria, reported ↓

　　The Arabic news network Lajm, a subsidiary of North Macedonia ATV Media Group, reports ↓

　　Myanmar online media Opinion Leaders report ↓

　　Nepal Urban Online Network Report ↓

　　Interview with Bai Yansong in Hong Kong Media ReportHorton, editor-in-chief of The Lancet

　　Hong Kong Ta Kung Pao, Wen Wei Po, Hong Kong News, Phoenix Satellite TV Chinese Channel, Wireless News Channel, Cable News Channel, Hong Kong Wireless Financial Information Channel, Point News, Hong Kong people’s port and Hong Kong 01 and other media have also quoted CCTV Bai Yansong to interview Horton, editor-in-chief of The Lancet.

　　Ta Kung Pao: The editor-in-chief of The Lancet, "The virus conspiracy theory is untrue and blames China for being unreasonable" ↓

　　Wen Wei Po: Editor-in-Chief of The Lancet, "Europe and the United States ignore WHO’s early warning and cause man-made disasters" ↓

　　Hong Kong Cable News reported ↓

　　Hong Kong Radio News: The editor-in-chief of The Lancet said that China was not responsible for the outbreak and should find out the source and host of the virus ↓

　　The letter:The Lancet.Editor-in-Chief "China is not responsible for the outbreak"↓

　　Click on the news:The Lancet.Editor-in-Chief: It is useless and untrue to accuse China of being the source of the virus.↓

　　Hong Kong people and places: [fair comment]The Lancet.The editorial pointed out that many countries were not ready to deal with the new pneumonia epidemic and called for learning from China.↓

　　Hong kong 01:The Lancet.Editor-in-Chief: It is useless and untrue to accuse China of being the source of virus transmission.↓

　　Phoenix Chinese Channel↓

　　China Hongkong Cable Broadband News Channel (iCable News Channel)↓

　　Hong Kong Radio News (TVB News)↓

　　Hong Kong TVB Pearl↓

　　Hong kong wireless financial information station (TVB Finance)↓

In March 1957, East China Normal University will hold a large-scale academic seminar. At the request of the organizer of the conference, Qian Gurong, then a lecturer in the Chinese Department of East China Normal University, wrote the article "On Literature as Human Studies" the month before. In May of that year, this paper was published in Literature and Art Monthly (predecessor of Shanghai Literature).

On "Literature is Humanism" begins with a clear meaning-Gorky once suggested that literature should be called "Humanism". Later, Qian Gurong explained this: "We often quote Gorky’s opinion when explaining that literature must be described by people and create vivid typical images. But our understanding stops here, only knowing that we can’t take a step forward because we are stuck in emphasizing the importance of writing people. In fact, the meaning of this sentence is extremely profound. We can simply regard it as a master key to understand all literary problems. Whoever wants to go deep into the literature and art hall, whether he is a creator or a theorist, must master this key. Without this key, theorists cannot explain a series of phenomena in literature and art; If the creator forgets this key, he can’t write exciting real works of art. "

To be honest, "literature is human science" is the key to understand all literary problems. As a unique language art of human beings, how can literature settle down without "people"? This is common sense. But just because it is common sense, people tend to be ignorant of it and don’t ask for a very good solution. For example, as a proposition that anchors China’s values of modern and contemporary literature, whose mouth did "literature is a study of human" originally come from? For a long time, the academic community has been unable to agree. Even Qian Gurong, who used this key to open the door to China’s modern and contemporary literature, has experienced repeated explorations. Today, the answer he gave himself may not be convincing.

Collected Works of Qian Gurong

Qian Gurong’s initial answer was Gorky. The full text of On Literature as Human Studies is more than 30,000 words, and Gorky’s name is mentioned 33 times. The gesture of "I note the Six Classics" is self-evident. However, after reading this article, you will find that the actual effect is "six classics note me". Interestingly, as far as the view of humanitarian literature expressed by Qian Gurong is concerned, Gorky’s literary theory, which is the "Six Classics" that he quoted, that is, the "proletarian artistic authority" (Leninist), is not solid and powerful in supporting the thesis. Gorky’s theory is not completely compatible with Qian Gurong’s point of view in some specific discussion links, such as the task of literature, the motivation of literary creation, the abstraction or concreteness of people in literature, and especially the typical creative mode of literature. On the contrary, in the same article, Chernyshevski, another Russian writer cited by Qian Gurong, is in the same breath as the author.

As a matter of fact, searching for the whole paper on "Literature is a study of humanity" does not show the words "Literature is a study of humanity" or the sentences such as "Literature is a study of humanity" in the form of Gorky’s direct quotation. Looking up Gorky’s related writings and speeches, I found no such expression.

In this case, why did Qian Gurong associate "literature is human studies" with Gorky? Obviously, he equated Gorky’s suggestion that "literature is called’ humanism’" with "literature is humanism". And where does "calling literature’ human studies’" come from? Qian Gurong said: "It comes from Timofeev’s Principles of Literature." In 1953, the Principles of Literature, published by Pingming Publishing House, was mentioned in many places, and Gorky called literature a "human study". However, in this edition of Principles of Literature, Timofeyev did not annotate the origin of Gorky. It was not until 1959, that is, two years after "On Literature as Human Studies" was written, that Timofeyev indicated in the revised edition of "Principles of Literature" that Gorky’s statement came from the article "On Skills". In 1979, People’s Literature Publishing House published this article. According to this version, Gorky’s original words are not "calling literature" human studies ",but" literature is the best literature of "people’s studies" or "human studies".

It is necessary to point out that, from Gorky’s original words to Qian Gurong’s quotations, the semantics have changed a long time ago after being reported by many texts and translated in different languages. But one thing is certain, Gorky is not the original creator of "literature is human studies".

Because of this, since the publication of "On Literature as Humanism", the controversy about the real origin of "Literature as Humanism" has never stopped. As a party to the debate, Qian Gurong’s attitude has also gone through the process from "defense-persistence" to "doubt-correction" and even self-denial. Finally, he admitted that "Gorky may not have said that literature is a human study".

Of course, denying Gorky, Qian Gurong didn’t give up solving the mystery he created. He found a new answer: Dana.

How did Qian Gurong find Dana? There are related descriptions in his correspondence and interviews in his later years:

In July 2003, Qian Gurong said in a letter to literary critic Li Ling: "I remember that one day in the 1990s, I happened to read the English version of A History of English Literature written by Tanner. In the preface of the book, Tanner said in plain language:’ literature, it is the study of man’. Turner was born in 1828, 40 years earlier than Gorky. The invention right of the phrase’ literature is human studies’ should not belong to Gorky, but to Turner. "

In March, 2005, Li Shitao, a classmate from Qian Gurong, mentioned this matter again, and the expression was basically the same, adding that Dana’s History of English Literature was kept in his family.

In June 2014, Qian Gurong repeated the above words in an exclusive interview with Ma Xinfang, a reporter from Shenzhen Special Zone Daily, only emphasizing that "the book History of English Literature has always been in my family, but I didn’t read it".

Qian Gurong’s book-flipping in the 1990s was a rock-breaking event. The three key clues he came across while turning pages —— Dana, the preface of English History of English literature, and "literature, it is the study of man" —— refreshed people’s understanding of the origin of "literature is the study of man".

Danner, a famous French philosopher, historian and literary theorist, had a far-reaching influence on literary research in the 19th century. In China, Dana’s most famous literary theory work is Philosophy of Art, which was translated by Fu Lei.

The History of English Literature, written by Dana from 1864 to 1869, has no complete translation in China, and some chapters are scattered in books compiled by others. For example, the second volume of Selected Western Literary Theories edited by Wu Yifu contains the second chapter of the preface to the History of English Literature; The Interpretation of Shakespeare’s Plays compiled by Zhang Ke and Wang Yuanhua contains the "Shakespeare Theory" in the History of English Literature.

"literature, it is the study of man", according to Qian Gurong, comes from the preface of the English version of The History of English Literature. Literally, it can indeed correspond to the Chinese saying that "literature is human studies".

If we deduce from these three evidences, the invention right of "literature is human studies" will undoubtedly belong to Dana. Never thought, a new round of questioning appeared soon, and it was rigorous and powerful. In the first issue of China Social Sciences in 2010, Liu Weiqin, a professor at South-Central University for Nationalities, published a paper "Reflections on the Proposition that Literature is a Human Study", which revealed a surprising fact-the original version of Dana’s History of English Literature was in French, while Qian Gurong read the English version. The popular English version of The History of English Literature was translated by Henri Van Laun. However, Liu repeatedly read the preface of this translation, but failed to find the words "literature, it is the study of man". Liu then consulted the preface of the original French version of The History of English Literature, and failed to find a French sentence corresponding to "literature is human studies". Even the sentence closest to "literature is human" is far from its precise meaning.

What is the problem? Let’s take a closer look at Dana and his writings.

The English Version of Dana’s History of English Literature

In the history of western literary theory, Danner was deeply influenced by Comte’s positivism and Darwin’s evolution theory, and borrowed natural laws to explain literary phenomena earlier. The representative work of Dana’s literary theory is the preface to the History of English Literature. In this article, Dana systematically expounded his famous theory of "three elements" of literary development, and he advocated that literary creation is determined by three forces: race, environment and times, which constitute the "internal root", "external pressure" and "acquired momentum" of literary development. The History of English Literature takes English literature as an example to prove the theory of "three elements".

It is true that the preface of the History of English Literature can be regarded as an article on literary theory, but it should be classified into the categories of cultural anthropology and historical sociology. Because Dana pays more attention to the general mental state and national temperament that produce literary works, the writer’s psychology and character as an individual are often ignored by him. As Dana’s teacher St. Pevey commented: Mr. Dana’s research method did not touch the unique and specific individuals, and he always stayed outside, letting the so-called talents and talents escape from the mesh.

Furthermore, Dana’s research paradigm of literary theory, which pays attention to the whole nationality, runs counter to the description of "concrete, living people" in literary works advocated by Qian Gurong in On Literature as Human Studies.

Therefore, it is understandable that Qian Gurong’s new answer-Dana, which was sought by the original creator of "literature is human studies", was questioned.

A good guess, perhaps, Qian Gurong turned to another English version of the History of English Literature in the 1990s; Perhaps, in that version, the English translator has drawn up a title and added a new note for the preface of the book, and "literature, it is the study of man" is part of the title or note …

Perhaps, it’s just that Qian Gurong’s memory is biased. However, with the death of the old gentleman, these have become unsolved mysteries.

Perhaps, we should make a bolder guess: before the publication of On Literature as Human Studies, no one explicitly said that literature is human studies. As one of the most important propositions in modern and contemporary China literature, "Literature is the study of human beings" was invented by the discoverer Qian Gurong himself. Truth is largely a matter of courage. Qian Gurong found a key to understand literary problems with great theoretical courage, but his humility made him devote his time and energy to a fruitless task-to find the person who made the key.

　　BEIJING, July 30 (Xinhua)-Recently, the website of the State Railway Administration released an announcement on the investigation and handling of the K596 passenger train collision with the operator on the "6.4" Lanzhou-Xinjiang line, which pointed out the suggestions for handling the units and personnel responsible for the accident: 21 people were given disciplinary sanctions, and the judicial organs have taken compulsory measures against 3 people.

　　The details are announced as follows:

　　I. Basic information of the accident

　　1. Overview of the accident

　　At 5: 18 on June 4th, 2021, Jinchang Workshop of Wuwei Works Section of China Railway Lanzhou Bureau Group Co., Ltd. carried out line mechanical maintenance work on the down line between Yushi and Jinchang Station of Lanzhou-Xinjiang Railway. Due to the temporary failure of tamping the stabilizing car, when the person in charge of the operation organized the workers to transfer to cross the railway line, the cross-line personnel collided with K596 passenger train, resulting in 9 deaths.

　　2. Overview of the accident unit

　　China Railway Lanzhou Bureau Group Co., Ltd. has 16 trunk lines including Baolan High-speed Railway, Lanxin Passenger Dedicated Line, Yinxi High-speed Railway, Longhai High-speed Railway and Lanxin High-speed Railway, and 4 other branch lines, with a business mileage of 6,052 kilometers and 41 transport stations. Wuwei Works Section is its subordinate transportation station, and the line in the accident zone is maintained by Jinchang Line Workshop, a workshop under Wuwei Works Section.

　　3. The accident happened

　　According to the maintenance plan, there are two tamping stabilization vehicles working together in this maintenance operation, and the mechanical maintenance operation is carried out from east to west from K361+850 and K364+500 respectively.

　　At 2: 54 on June 4th, Zhang, deputy director of Jinchang Line Workshop in Wuwei Works Section, as the operation leader, organized the workshop participants to hold a preparatory meeting for maintenance operation, and deployed the maintenance operation organization plan and division of labor. A total of 5 employees and 18 laborers from Wuwei Works Section participated in the mechanical maintenance operation at K361+850, and Zhou was appointed as the shift leader. Because the operation area is in the curve and poor communication area, the protector responsible for the protection of the operators is adjusted to the middle protector, and the protector responsible for the emergency group is adjusted to the protector responsible for the protection of the operators.

　　At 4: 20 on June 4, according to the registration request of the station liaison officer of Wuwei Works Section, station attendant of Jade Station applied to the train dispatcher, who issued a dispatching order, blocked the downlink between Jinchang Station and Jade Station from the time of receiving the order, and allowed Wuwei Works Section to carry out line mechanical maintenance at K360+000 to K368+000, and the maintenance was completed at 7: 22.

　　At 4: 38 on June 4th, Zhang, the person in charge of the operation, led the workers to enter the protective net from the operation door on the side of K361+900 uplink, crossed the uplink and downlink, and walked along the shoulder to the K361+850 operation site.

　　At 4: 48 on June 4th, the tamping stabilizing car was moved from Jade Station to K361+850 according to the operation plan.

　　At 5: 04 on June 4, the tamping stabilized vehicle failed to continue its operation due to the oil leakage of the accumulator.

　　At 05: 09 on June 4th, the resident liaison officer informed the on-site guard that the passenger train K596 was predicted to pass the Jade Station at 05: 10.

　　At 5: 15 on June 4th, Wang, the site protector of tamping stabilizing vehicle, confirmed that he had received the approaching information of passenger train K596 twice.

　　At 5: 16 on June 4th, it was confirmed that the fault of the tamping stabilization vehicle could not be repaired and the operation could not be continued. The person in charge of the operation, Zhang, issued an instruction for the operators to transfer to the operation site K364+500, arranged for the shift leader, Zhou, to lead 15 operators to cross the uplink and downlink lines, and went out of the protective net from the operation gate K361+900 to take a bus to K364+500 to participate in the operation. Wang, the protector who originally followed the tamping stabilization vehicle for mobile protection, was appointed to be responsible for the transfer and crossover After that, the protector Wang and the shift leader Zhou led 15 workers to the shoulder of the road at the 5-meter position (K361+820) on the east side of the faulty tamping stabilization vehicle. During the preparation for crossing the line, the person in charge of the operation, Zhang, urged the crossing line three times.

　　At 5: 18 on June 4, Wang, who was in charge of the protection of the operators, was still jointly controlling the position of the K596 passenger train with the middle protector. In the case that the middle protector did not answer, he did not issue an order prohibiting crossing the line and did not stop the personnel from crossing the line. Zhou, the shift leader, blindly organized the cross-line personnel to cross the line without confirming whether the train passed. Because the lookout line was blocked by the faulty tamping and stabilizing vehicle, the crossing personnel did not see the approaching K596 passenger train before crossing the line. During crossing the uplink, they collided with the passing K596 passenger train, and nine workers died on the spot. Three workers have crossed the uplink, and the other three workers were blocked by the shift leader Zhou.

　　Second, the emergency response

　　After the accident, the co-driver of K596 passenger train, the vehicle attendant and the police immediately got off the train to check the scene of the accident. The driver immediately reported to Jinchang Station and called 120 and 110 for rescue and alarm. After receiving the report, the station immediately organized the police officers of Jinchang station police station and other relevant personnel to rush to the scene of the accident to carry out rescue work for the collision personnel. Confirmed by 120 medical staff, 9 people were killed and others were not injured. After on-site disposal, K596 passenger train started at 6: 43.

　　After receiving the accident report, China Railway Lanzhou Bureau Group Co., Ltd., the main person in charge led the relevant personnel to the scene of the accident for emergency and after-treatment work.

　　After receiving the accident report, China National Railway Group Co., Ltd. immediately rushed to the emergency command center to direct emergency rescue, and assigned a deputy general manager to lead a team to rush to the scene of the accident to guide Lanzhou Bureau Group Co., Ltd. to carry out emergency rescue, after-care treatment, safety and stability, and cooperate with accident investigation.

　　The main person in charge of Lanzhou Railway Public Security Bureau rushed to the scene of the accident, organized and dispatched 120 police officers, set up 8 working groups, and devoted themselves to on-site maintenance, exploration and after-treatment work.

　　After receiving the accident report, Lanzhou Railway Supervision and Administration Bureau immediately launched the emergency plan, and the main person in charge led the relevant personnel to the scene of the accident to guide the accident rescue, and set up an accident investigation team to carry out the accident investigation.

　　The Gansu Provincial Party Committee and the provincial government attached great importance to it, and assigned provincial government leaders to rush to the scene to guide Jinchang Municipal Party Committee and Wuwei Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government to fully cooperate with the railway department to carry out the aftermath and family comfort and condolences.

　　The emergency management department sent personnel to the scene of the accident to guide the emergency treatment and accident investigation.

　　Iii. Casualties caused by the accident

　　Nine workers were killed and no one was injured in the accident.

　　Four, the cause and nature of the accident, responsibility identification

　　1. The direct cause of the accident

　　During the maintenance operation, the tamping stabilizing car broke down, and the direct causes of the accident were blind command, incomplete joint control, field protection failure and illegal crossing of the line during the transition and crossing of the line.

　　(1) The foremen violate Article 54 of the Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on Work Safety, Article 5 of the Regulations on Railway Safety Management and Article 3.2.2 of the Rules for the Safety Management of Railway Works (TZY [2014] No.272) "When crossing a bridge, crossing or crossing a line, they should ‘ Hand-to-hand, eye-to-eye, mouth-to-mouth ’ , do ‘ One stop, two looks, three passes ’ , it is forbidden to cross the line ",Article 6 of Labor Safety Card Control Measures for General Speed Railway of Public Works Department of Lanzhou Bureau Group Company (Gong ‘an Letter [2020] No.66):" It is forbidden to cross the line blindly without confirming the arrival of cars on this line or adjacent lines ",and Article 68:" Before the operators get on the road and cross the line, they should choose a place with good lookout conditions to cross the line ".When leading the operators to cross the line, there are no regulations.

　　(2) On-site guards violated Article 54 of the Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on Work Safety, Article 5 of the Regulations on Railway Safety Management and Article 24 of the Labor Safety Card Control Measures for General-speed Railways in the Public Works Department of Lanzhou Bureau Group Corporation (Gong ‘an Letter [2020] No.66): "The guards should concentrate on their work, look carefully, correctly display and use signal spare parts, and accurately grasp the train operation. Timely and clearly inform all the operation leaders and foremen of the advance notice of each train heading for the operation site, supervise the operators (machines and tools) to get off the train in time when starting, and so on. When knowing that the K596 train is approaching and the joint control has not been answered and confirmed to be safe, it has not issued an instruction to prohibit crossing the line and has not prevented the crossing personnel from crossing the line.

　　(3) The person in charge of the operation violates Article 54 of the Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on Safety in Production, Article 5 of the Regulations on Railway Safety Management and Article 19 of the Measures for the Safety Management of Railway Business Lines (Tieyun [2012] No.280): "The main duties of the person in charge of the construction are: to be responsible for organizing and directing the construction site, directing the on-site construction, arranging construction protection and confirming the conditions for releasing the train; Responsible for summarizing and analyzing the construction organization, progress and safety, and being responsible for the safety of the construction site ",etc., did not arrange safety precautions for crossing the line, did not comply with the on-site protection regulations, and blindly urged the transition personnel to cross the line.

　　2. Identification of the nature and responsibility of the accident

　　According to Article 11 of the Regulations on Emergency Rescue and Investigation and Handling of Railway Traffic Accidents (Order No.501 of the State Council) and Articles 10 and 49 of the Rules on Investigation and Handling of Railway Traffic Accidents (Order No.30 of the Ministry of Railways), this accident is a serious accident of railway traffic, and China Railway Lanzhou Bureau Group Co., Ltd. takes full responsibility.

　　V. Suggestions on handling the units and personnel responsible for the accident

　　1. Persons whose judicial organs have taken compulsory measures (3 persons)

　　Three people, including Zhou, the operator, Wang, the site protector, and Zhang, the person in charge of the operation, have been arrested according to law.

　　2. Give disciplinary action personnel (21 people)

　　(1) The secretary of the Party Committee and the chairman of China Railway Lanzhou Bureau Group Co., Ltd. were given administrative demerits.

　　(2) The deputy secretary of the Party Committee and the general manager of China Railway Lanzhou Bureau Group Co., Ltd. were given administrative demerits.

　　(3) The deputy general manager in charge of public works of China Railway Lanzhou Bureau Group Co., Ltd. was severely warned by the party.

　　(4) The deputy director in charge of overall work of the Public Works Department of China Railway Lanzhou Bureau Group Co., Ltd. was ordered to resign, and the administrative record was severely punished.

　　(5) The director of China Railway Lanzhou Bureau Group Co., Ltd., who is in charge of this maintenance operation, was removed from office and the administrative record was severely punished.

　　(6) The chief of the Safety and Quality Section of the Ministry of Works of China Railway Lanzhou Bureau Group Co., Ltd. was dismissed and the administrative record was greater than the punishment.

　　(7) The deputy chief of the Safety and Quality Section of the Ministry of Works of China Railway Lanzhou Bureau Group Co., Ltd., who is in charge of labor safety and protection, was dismissed and the administrative record was given greater punishment.

　　(8) The chief of the line section of the Ministry of Works of China Railway Lanzhou Bureau Group Co., Ltd. was dismissed, the probation period was terminated, and the administrative record was severely punished.

　　(9) The deputy secretary and section chief of the Party Committee of Wuwei Works Section of China Railway Lanzhou Bureau Group Co., Ltd. were removed from office, and the administrative record was severely punished.

　　(10) The party secretary and deputy section chief of Wuwei Works Section of China Railway Lanzhou Bureau Group Co., Ltd. were removed from office, and the administrative record was severely punished.

　　(11) The deputy section chief in charge of line maintenance in Wuwei Works Section of China Railway Lanzhou Bureau Group Co., Ltd. terminated the probation period and was severely warned by the party.

　　(12) The administrative record of the deputy section chief in charge of labor safety and protection in Wuwei Works Section of China Railway Lanzhou Bureau Group Co., Ltd. was severely punished.

　　(13) The chief of the security section of Wuwei Works Section of China Railway Lanzhou Bureau Group Co., Ltd. was dismissed from his post.

　　(14) The administrative record of the assistant engineer in charge of the safety section of Wuwei Works Section of China Railway Lanzhou Bureau Group Co., Ltd. was severely punished.

　　(15) The head of the line section of Wuwei Works Section of China Railway Lanzhou Bureau Group Co., Ltd. was dismissed.

　　(16) The administrative record of the deputy section chief of the line section of Wuwei Works Section of China Railway Lanzhou Bureau Group Co., Ltd. was severely punished.

　　(17) The line section of Wuwei Works Section of China Railway Lanzhou Bureau Group Co., Ltd. is responsible for the administrative demerit of the line maintenance engineer.

　　(18) The director of Jinchang Line Workshop in Wuwei Works Section of China Railway Lanzhou Bureau Group Co., Ltd. was dismissed.

　　(19) The General Party Branch Secretary of Jinchang Line Workshop in Wuwei Works Section of China Railway Lanzhou Bureau Group Co., Ltd. was dismissed.

　　(20) The deputy director in charge of Jinchang Line Workshop in Wuwei Works Section of China Railway Lanzhou Bureau Group Co., Ltd. was dismissed.

　　(21) The deputy section chief in charge of equipment of Lanzhou Works Machinery Section of China Railway Lanzhou Bureau Group Co., Ltd. was given an administrative demerit.

　　3. Suggestions on the handling of the unit

　　Instructed China Railway Lanzhou Bureau Group Co., Ltd. to make an in-depth inspection to China National Railway Group Co., Ltd.

　　Six, the problems exposed by the accident

　　1. The field operation standards are not implemented in place.The basic operation system of Wuwei Works Section is not implemented. First, the on-site protection personnel and foremen have a weak sense of safety, fail to implement the operating standards thoroughly, and fail to perform their duties as required. Second, the person in charge of the operation did not direct the operation according to the existing plan, and illegally changed the plan temporarily and changed the protection and shift personnel. Third, the abnormal emergency response was not in place. When the tamping stabilizing vehicle broke down and organized the transition and cross-line operation, the emergency response plan and safety precautions were not formulated.

　　2. On-site operation safety risk control is not in place.Wuwei Works Section did not carry out safety risk prediction in combination with the actual situation of the job site. First, no targeted measures have been formulated for the need to cross the uplink without working doors in the downlink. Second, the card control measures are not formulated in combination with the problem that the construction site is in a continuous curve section and the line of sight of safety protection is limited. Third, there are loopholes in the construction protection scheme, the joint control link is too complicated, the information transmission is lengthy, the intercom channel is busy, there are key traffic information missing, and the transmission chain is unstable.

　　3. Maintenance operation management is not in place.The relevant departments of China Railway Lanzhou Bureau Group Co., Ltd. and Wuwei Works Section failed to implement the maintenance operation standards of the business line organized by the workshop, and the on-site control was not in place, and the business guidance, supervision and inspection were not in place. Wuwei Works Section failed to organize safety education and training for laborers involved in the operation as required.

　　Seven, accident prevention and rectification measures.

　　In order to draw a profound lesson from the accident, draw inferences from others, effectively prevent and resolutely curb similar accidents, the following rectification measures and suggestions are put forward for China Railway Lanzhou Bureau Group Co., Ltd.:

　　1. Firmly establish the safety concept of safety first and life first.

　　We must conscientiously implement the spirit of the important exposition and instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on safety production, adhere to the people first and life first, adhere to the red line consciousness and bottom line thinking, firmly establish the concept of safe development, effectively improve the political position, deeply understand the grim situation facing the current railway safety work, implement the main responsibility of safety production, strengthen risk judgment and hidden danger investigation and management, quickly reverse the passive situation of safety production, and resolutely curb the occurrence of similar accidents.

　　2. Deeply draw lessons from the accident and immediately carry out special rectification of business line construction.

　　It is necessary to draw a profound lesson from the accident, immediately organize the special rectification of the construction safety of business lines, benchmark the regulations in the whole process from the aspects of construction organization and leadership, construction scheme review, construction plan preparation and approval, safety agreement signing, personnel training, etc., comprehensively investigate the problems such as non-implementation of on-site operation standards, irregular organization, non-implementation of protective measures, illegal entry and exit during operation, strengthen the on-site supervision and control of cadres, give play to the role of scientific and technological means such as remote monitoring, increase supervision and assessment, and compact safety responsibilities.

　　3. Strengthen the construction safety infrastructure and improve the construction safety prevention ability.

　　In view of the problems exposed by the accident, scientifically analyze and judge the weak links in railway safety management, and make up for the shortcomings of on-site safety management by strengthening the means of "civil air defense, physical defense and technical defense" to improve the ability of on-site safety management and control. It is necessary to strictly carry out training for construction workers and management personnel in business lines in different levels and grades, strengthen the management and training of labor and employment, establish and improve the responsibility system of "self-control, mutual control and other control" for operation safety, and strengthen the safety monitoring and control of construction operations in key time periods, key lots and key links to ensure traffic, personal and construction safety.

　　4. Strengthen the daily management of business line construction and improve the rules and regulations.

　　It is necessary to improve the construction safety management system of business lines, implement the professional management responsibility of business line construction, improve the construction safety risk prevention and pre-judgment mechanism and abnormal emergency response mechanism, analyze and judge potential risks according to different construction characteristics, formulate emergency response plans, improve emergency response and risk prevention capabilities, and ensure safety.