Life is easy to get old, but it’s hard to get old. The ninth day of the ninth lunar month is China’s Double Ninth Festival, which is also called "Old People’s Day". Respecting the elderly is the traditional virtue of the Chinese nation. Just after the Double Ninth Festival, Luo Tianjiong, director of the geriatrics department of Nanjing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, sent nine health guides, aiming at caring for the elderly and caring for their health.
Correspondent Xia Fan Yangzi Evening News/Zi Niu News Trainee Reporter Lu Yanlin

　　1. Pay attention to fall prevention.

　　Due to the increase of osteoporosis and bone fragility, the elderly are prone to fracture, soft tissue injury, psychological trauma and other serious consequences when they fall, and their incidence rate rises sharply with age. Luo Tianqiong said that the elderly need to pay attention to the prevention of falls at home, shoes should be anti-slip, and the light should be bright enough. Once they fall, they should be actively sent to the hospital. 48 hours after the fall of the elderly is the prime time for treatment.

　　2. Reasonable diet and balanced nutrition

　　Light diet, less oil and salt, fresh and hygienic food, and balanced nutrition. The diet is mainly cereal, with a matching thickness. Eat regularly and quantitatively, chew slowly, ensure that there are vegetables in the meal and fruits every day, take in some high-protein foods such as fish, meat and eggs, often drink milk to supplement calcium, and take vitamin D in the sun for 15-20 minutes every day to promote the absorption of calcium, actively replenish water and pay attention to prevent sunburn. Advocate not smoking, drinking less and drinking too much.

　　3. Exercise properly and do what you can.

　　With the growth of age, many elderly people are more and more reluctant to exercise. Although they understand that proper exercise can promote health, what they don’t know is that due to lack of exercise, elderly people often suffer from decreased resistance, muscle atrophy, physical decline, etc. Over time, diseases come one after another. It is suggested that the elderly choose appropriate exercise methods, such as walking, square dancing, Tai Ji Chuan, Baduanjin, etc., and the exercise intensity should be tolerated by individuals.

　　4. Ensure sleep and take a proper lunch break.

　　The sleep of the elderly is shallow and easy to wake up. Half of the elderly in China have sleep disorders. Long-term lack of sleep will cause mental fatigue, dizziness, weakness of limbs, etc. Luo Tianjiong suggested that the elderly should ensure six hours of sleep and take a proper lunch break for half an hour every day, which is conducive to physical and mental health. When insomnia occurs, they can massage points such as Neiguan, Shenmen and Sanyinjiao to help sleep.

　　5. Brush your teeth frequently, wash your hands frequently and take a bath frequently.

　　Brush your teeth in the morning and evening, and rinse your mouth after meals. For the elderly with dentures, brush them clean and soak them in cold water when not in use, and change your toothbrush every three months. Wash your hands and bathe frequently to resist the invasion of bacteria and enhance your resistance.

　　6, keep the stool unobstructed

　　Due to the continuous decline of physical function, the gastrointestinal peristalsis of the elderly will also be very obvious, often manifested as constipation. In view of constipation of the elderly, Luo Tianjiong suggested keeping the habit of regular defecation, drinking more water, not eating laxatives indiscriminately, or massaging the abdomen clockwise around the navel to relieve constipation.

　　7. Don’t stop drugs for chronic diseases.

　　Many elderly people think that chronic diseases such as hypertension and diabetes have no impact on their lives, so they choose to stop taking drugs, but they don’t know that stopping taking some drugs is likely to cause recurrence or "rebound" of the original diseases and even accidents. Luo Tianqiong stressed that if there is a need to stop taking drugs, you must first consult a doctor and gradually stop taking drugs under the guidance of a doctor.

　　8. Keep a good attitude

　　Luo Tianjiong reminded that emotional excitement and bad emotions will affect the physical and mental health of the elderly, keep a calm mind, communicate with people more, and avoid depression, anxiety and mood swings, especially patients with basic diseases such as hypertension, heart disease and cerebral infarction.

　　9. Strengthen self-health management.

　　Director Luo Tianqiong said that it is very necessary for the elderly to have a physical examination. It is necessary to actively prevent the occurrence and development of diseases, so as to achieve early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment. It is recommended that the elderly have a physical examination once a year, and people with basic diseases should have regular physical examinations on the advice of doctors, and be responsible for individuals and their lives.

　　　 Movie network news Compared with the dazzling skills, exaggeration and excessive changes in the adaptation of famous works in recent years, the 2012 editionGreat expectationsAppearing conservative and traditional, director mike newell shows the growth track of the protagonist Pip step by step according to the chronological order of the original works. However, it is an impossible task to include a literary masterpiece, especially an epic about growth and changes of the times, with the duration of a film. Expect again and again, but always get disappointed again and again. Perhaps, just as the upper class is to Pip, it is just an illusory dream to adapt the film without seeking transcendence but reaching the original.

　　　 Director Mike must have thought that all the audience had seen the original work, so he only chose a few important paragraphs, which also made the rhythm of the film very out of step, and the personality change and complicated relationship between the characters could not be explained clearly, leaving regrets. Pip’s way of growing up is actually to know love, money, class, humanity and redemption step by step. It is Dickens’ interpretation of all this, but every part of the story in the movie is missing something, and it is over before the climax, leaving only us off the screen, with an empty sense of nothingness to the subtitles. In the movie, Pip had an instant epiphany in the face of life changes and spiritual shocks, which saved all the entanglements and struggles, which made the embarrassment of being ridiculed, the pain of losing loved ones and the repentance of starting over not enough to touch people’s hearts and lose the power of the original text.

　　　 The swamp where the story begins and the countryside in Kent are quiet and beautiful, but the protagonist Pip’s shortness of breath and footsteps seem so uncoordinated. The sudden jump out of the prisoners hiding in the cemetery breaks this tranquility and changes Pip’s life from now on. Especially when I think back after I know the ending, I hope that time will pass slowly and then slowly. Even if I have a poor life and my sister’s beating and scolding, at least I have enough food and clothing and my brother-in-law’s protection. Just at that time, Pip didn’t know ordinary happiness. In front of the arrogant and beautiful noble lady, he just wanted to get into the upper class and exchange his "great future" for his sweetheart’s favor, but he didn’t know that such a future ruined his life. In his "ideal life", the narrow old streets of London make people feel bad, and the camera is aimed at the dirty mess in Little Britain. The so-called "great expectations" are also concentrated in exquisite and exaggerated aristocratic costumes and seemingly boring parties in the upper class. This irony should have been the protagonist’s experience after many experiences, but it is too superficial and deliberate in front of the camera.

　　　 Dickens wrote two endings for Great Expectations, which were originally gloomy and sad, but under the pressure of the publishing house, there was another happy ending as described in the film. The audience who like romantic love may applaud and believe that this is true love, but this love with too many impurities is hard to impress everyone. Director Mike and screenwriter david nicholls’s choice of ending is also doomed to lose the recognition of some audiences.

　　　 Fortunately, the restoration of the key points of the original, the exquisite dialogue, the retro British accent and the street view with a sense of the times, as well as the performances of Ralph Fiennes and helena carter, are enough to make this film qualify as a tribute to Dickens. In particular, Pip’s confession to Estella is a classic, which makes the listeners all moved. Ralph Fiennes’s appearance is not much, but it is one of the hidden main lines, and it is also the mainstay of this tome. Helena carter imitates tim burton’s "Corpse Bride" and the defeated "Queen of Spades". Although she occasionally feels a little jumpy, she still vividly displays the pale, thin, mysterious and weird image of a bad woman. Herbert, Pip’s good friend, is extremely dramatic in many supporting roles, even more vivid and lovely than Pip. No matter when he appeared as a child or grew up, he always brought people happy laughter, which also made the depressed story have a glimmer of light.

According to the Chinese Embassy in Britain, on March 22, 2021, the Chargé d ‘affaires of the Embassy in Britain, Yang Xiaoguang, successively received an exclusive interview with British Sky News, TV 4 and BBC, explaining China’s principled position on the sanctions imposed by the European Union and Britain on relevant institutions and personnel in China due to Xinjiang-related issues, and refuting wrong remarks. Sky News and TV 4 broadcast live reports, and BBC broadcast some interviews in the news program that night.

In response to the British Foreign Development Secretary’s announcement that Britain will impose sanctions on China officials and entities,Agent Yang said that Xinjiang affairs are entirely China’s internal affairs. Based on lies and false information, the British side imposed unilateral sanctions on individuals and entities in China on the pretext of human rights issues, ignored the facts, turned black and white, grossly interfered in China’s internal affairs, blatantly violated international law and the basic norms of international relations, and seriously damaged Sino-British relations. China expresses strong dissatisfaction and resolute opposition to this, and reserves the right to take corresponding countermeasures to safeguard China’s interests and dignity.

In response to China’s question about whether it was surprised by the British government’s decision,Deputy Yang said that China was not surprised, but deeply disappointed, and resolutely opposed this wrong decision. Sanctions will not only have no effect on China, but will make the people of China more united. The basic reaction I have heard is that Chinese officials who have been sanctioned are deeply honored to be able to defend national interests.

In response to the question whether China will take countermeasures against Britain,Agent Yang said that China does not take the initiative to provoke confrontation and attack others, but it will not be trampled upon by others and will resolutely fight back. China will not succumb to external pressure, and we should not underestimate our determination and confidence in safeguarding national sovereignty, security and development interests. China is carefully studying the British statement and will make an appropriate response in due course. China urges the British side to change its course in time, withdraw relevant wrong decisions, avoid damage to bilateral relations, and take effective measures to bring Sino-British relations back to the right track.

In response to the question that Xinjiang Education and Training Center is equivalent to a "concentration camp", China has carried out "genocide" and "forced labor" on Uighurs, forced sterilization on Uighur women and separated Uighur children from their parents, Agent Yang pointed out that China has repeatedly stated that there is no so-called "genocide", "forced labor" and "mass sterilization" in Xinjiang. These accusations against Xinjiang are groundless and "century lies". The so-called evidence hyped by the British media is completely malicious lies and false information, which has no credibility at all. The relevant pictures and videos are fabricated or taken out of context.

Agent Yang said that China’s establishment of the education and training center is a preventive anti-terrorism measure to educate and save those who are infected by extreme thoughts, involved in terrorism activities or seriously influenced by extreme thoughts and prevent them from going to terrorism. Facts have proved that this measure has effectively protected the life safety of people of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang, including Uighur compatriots, and also guaranteed the right of the students concerned to reunite with their families according to law. Students study the national common language, legal knowledge and vocational skills education and training in the teaching and training center. After graduation, they generally find suitable jobs and their living standards are improved.

Agent Yang said that cotton production in Xinjiang has been highly mechanized, and there is no need for a lot of manpower. Moreover, there are few job opportunities, high pay and fierce competition. Where is the need for forced labor?

Agent Yang said that the family planning policy is still the basic national policy of China, which is implemented nationwide, but it is more relaxed for ethnic minorities, including Uighurs. The accusations you mentioned are sheer nonsense.

Agent Yang pointed out that the pictures repeatedly broadcast by British TV programs are scenes of centralized transfer of prisoners in Xinjiang detention center, which has nothing to do with the teaching and training center. These prisoners are dangerous people suspected of breaking the law, so it is absolutely necessary to take security measures for them, and there is no abuse problem.

Agent Yang stressed that facts have repeatedly proved that the accusations against China are unfounded. In 2019, Xinjiang received more than 200 million Chinese and foreign tourists. If there are a lot of "torture" or "misconduct" in the local area, why is there no more evidence? In fact, China’s Xinjiang policy has been widely understood and supported internationally. At the 46th session of the United Nations Human Rights Council, 64 countries, including Arab countries, made a joint speech in support of China’s Xinjiang policy. We welcome more tourists from all over the world to visit Xinjiang after the COVID-19 epidemic, and believe that they can make correct judgments through what they have seen with their own eyes. What China has done in Xinjiang is frank and aboveboard, which can stand the test of history.

In response to a question about the nature of the Public Security Bureau of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, agent Yang said that the primary responsibility of the public security organs of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps is to protect the lives and property safety and legitimate rights and interests of people of all ethnic groups, including Uighurs. Over the years, the public security organs of the Corps have cracked down on serious crimes such as terrorism according to law, which has been sincerely supported and generally supported by the local people of all ethnic groups.

In response to a question from the former US Secretary of State that China had put Uighurs in "concentration camps" and instilled communist party’s ideas and carried out "genocide", Agent Yang said that there was no "genocide" in Xinjiang. A century or two ago, the United States massacred Indians, and what they did was called "genocide."

On the question of whether China allows the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights to visit Xinjiang and whether foreign journalists are allowed to visit Xinjiang freely, Agent Yang said that China welcomes the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights to visit China and Xinjiang, and has kept close communication with the United Nations. The door of Xinjiang is open. We welcome people who are unbiased and really want to know about the development of Xinjiang to visit Xinjiang, but we firmly oppose any condescending presumption of guilt. According to the relevant regulations of China, foreign journalists can go to Xinjiang to report on the premise of abiding by the laws of China and fulfilling relevant procedures.

In response to a question about a British parliamentarian claiming that he was "harassed on the Internet by diplomats of the China Embassy", Agent Yang said that some British parliamentarians have repeatedly made false statements about Xinjiang on social media, and China diplomats have the right to clarify the truth and set the record straight. Members can make false statements, so we have no right to state the facts? Why do you say "harassment"?

On the question of whether "one country, two systems" in Hong Kong has become "one country, one system" and whether the Legislative Council of Hong Kong will become a "rubber stamp", Mr. Yang said that the China government has always fully and accurately implemented the policy of "one country, two systems", but "one country" is the prerequisite. After the storm of amending regulations, "one country" has been seriously impacted, and it is necessary to strengthen "one country" in order to better guarantee "two systems". What China has done is to ensure that "one country, two systems" is stable and far-reaching, and to ensure that the interests of the overwhelming majority of Hong Kong people are safeguarded. Members of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong come from all walks of life and are widely representative. In the future, there will still be many voices in the Hong Kong Legislative Council. On the premise of safeguarding national sovereignty and territorial integrity, members’ right to express their opinions is guaranteed.

(The original title is "The Chargé d ‘affaires of Yang Xiaoguang is interviewed by British Sky News, TV 4 and BBC")

During the two sessions this year, Jin Keke, a representative of the Municipal People’s Congress, submitted a proposal on "privacy list". In his view, express delivery companies should implement privacy sheets as soon as possible, implement the legal obligation to protect personal sensitive information, and put a "protective suit" on each personal information attached to the express parcel.

Put on "protective clothing" for personal information attached to express parcels.

With the rapid development of Internet economy, convenient online shopping has become an increasingly important channel for consumers. However, while enjoying the convenience brought by express delivery service, users are also deeply troubled by the problem of personal information leakage:

Today, with the full popularity of express delivery in real-name registration system, a small express delivery list contains all kinds of user information, which makes the express delivery list the hardest hit area for user information leakage and provides the possibility for illegal telecom activities such as online fraud.

"Privacy Sheet" service is not the default.

What is a "privacy sheet"?

Many users have experienced such a courier service, that is, using "asterisk number" or "smiley face number" instead of the middle mobile phone number and user name on the courier list to protect users’ personal privacy information.

As early as 2017, some express delivery companies and express delivery platforms tried to launch "privacy sheets": some "privacy sheets" replaced the middle four digits of the recipient’s mobile phone number with asterisks; Some "privacy sheets" not only do not display the mobile phone number, but also hide the specific address. However, several years have passed, and the popularity of "privacy sheets" is not high. The electronic sheets of parcels received and sent by users still generally show the recipient’s name, telephone number and detailed address completely.

According to the survey in Jin Keke, among the 12 mainstream express delivery companies in the market, only a few express delivery companies provide customers with privacy services.

What is the application of "Privacy Sheet"? The reporter also made some investigations.

On the shelf of a fast bird station on Tianshan Road, the reporter saw more than 40 express parcels, only 5 of which were hidden in the middle of the personal mobile phone number.

According to the staff of the station, in the express delivery he actually received, "privacy sheet" rarely appeared.

In fact, many express delivery companies are still implementing "privacy orders", but the service methods are different.

Companies represented by Tmall Supermarket provide users with "private sticky notes", and users need to stick the stickers on the information they want to hide themselves. A few courier companies list "hide the middle digits of the mobile phone number" and "only display the last name without displaying the first name" as the default options.

However, the "privacy list" service of most courier companies is not the default service, and users should choose this service independently when sending the mail if necessary.

For example, the user information on the general list is not hidden by default. The reporter entered Zhongtong’s WeChat Express applet, chose to make an appointment to send the mail, clicked the "value-added service" option at the bottom of the page and saw the "security number" button. The customer service said that after the "security number" is turned on, part of the printed user information will be replaced by "*".

Users need to check the "security number" in the value-added service to enjoy the privacy face-to-face service.

Yunda Express also requires users to choose the "Privacy Face Sheet" service independently. The reporter opens the delivery page of Yunda Express applet and clicks on the column of "Value-added Services". There are options such as privacy face sheet, payment collection, and return of signature, which the user should actively check, and the default page is not to select privacy face sheet service.

On Taobao, Tik Tok and other live broadcast platforms, when reporters place an order for shopping, most of them don’t have the option of "privacy menu", and they can only hope that the shipper will choose the "privacy menu" service.

The "Privacy Sheet" in value-added services is not the default, so you need to check it actively.

The reporter also interviewed a number of consumers, most of whom said:

The reason why you don’t choose the "privacy face sheet" service is not that you don’t care about information leakage, but that you can’t find the entrance to choose the service, or you have never heard of this service at all.

Increase the risk of personal information disclosure

In the face of information "streaking" express delivery, most consumers’ awareness of self-protection is not strong.

The reporter found that on a small courier list, from the name to the contact information to the address, the information of the sender and the recipient is "at a glance". Some users will tear down the list and destroy it after receiving the courier. Users who don’t care will discard it at will. Especially during the epidemic period, after receiving the express delivery, users mostly throw the outer packaging with the face sheet outdoors for cautious reasons, so that people with ulterior motives can take advantage of it.

The absence of privacy measures for express delivery orders greatly increases the risk of disclosure of personal sensitive information.

According to media reports, a considerable number of criminals have used express delivery forms to collect personal information for various types of illegal and criminal activities. Especially during the epidemic, a large number of elderly people learned to buy daily necessities through e-commerce platforms, and this group is also the most vulnerable to telecom fraud.

Why do express delivery companies hide in the setting of "privacy list"?

In Jin Keke’s view, express delivery companies turn off the option of privacy treatment of face sheets by default, and only provide this service when users take the initiative to choose. In this way, the enterprise will transfer the obligation of privacy treatment of the face sheet to the user.

"Privacy sheets will reduce dispatch efficiency." Jin Keke said that if a courier company implements a privacy sheet, the courier needs to use a specific barcode scanner to scan the corresponding barcode in order to obtain personal information. Compared with when the private face-to-face service is not implemented, it will affect the logistics efficiency to a certain extent, so it will also affect the income of couriers.

The use of privacy sheets is also related to the cost of enterprises. Chai Shanshan, a deputy to the National People’s Congress, has also investigated this issue. He found that when the courier with the privacy sheet is delivered, the courier will have one more process to check the contact phone number in the system, which will affect the delivery efficiency. In the case of the rapid increase of express delivery, the delivery efficiency is reduced, which is bound to increase the staffing, thus increasing the cost of enterprises.

Express delivery enterprises should fulfill the obligation of encryption

The Provisional Regulations on Express Delivery stipulates that express delivery enterprises should properly keep electronic data such as user information, regularly destroy express waybills, and take effective technical measures to ensure the safety of user information.

Article 51 of the Personal Information Protection Law stipulates that personal information processors should take corresponding security technical measures such as encryption and de-identification in the process of processing personal information.

"The courier list contains personal sensitive information, and the above provisions shall apply." Jin Keke believes that according to the provisions of the Personal Information Protection Law, it is a legal obligation to encrypt and privacy user information to avoid the risk of disclosure, and express delivery companies should take the initiative to fulfill it.

"Of course, we must also consider the affordability of corporate costs." Jin Keke suggested:

On the one hand, on the basis of investigation and research, a plan is put forward as soon as possible, requiring express delivery enterprises to take practical measures to fulfill their legal obligations to avoid the disclosure of personal sensitive information; on the other hand, it is necessary to speed up research and provide relevant technical solutions to eliminate the impact of privacy sheets on logistics efficiency as much as possible.

Delegates also suggested strengthening the publicity of personal information protection and strengthening the public’s awareness of personal information security protection.

Source: Shangguan News

　　　　Recently, the International Symposium on Duan Yucai and Qing Dynasty, sponsored by the Chinese Culture Research Institute of Nanjing University and the People’s Government of Jintan City, Jiangsu Province, and undertaken by the Propaganda Department of Jintan Municipal Committee of Jiangsu Province and Jiangsu Hongde Culture Publishing Foundation, was held in Jintan City, Jiangsu Province, the hometown of Duan Yucai, which is known as a blessed land in the east of the river. During the meeting, experts and scholars attending the meeting exchanged views on Duan Yucai’s academic contribution, the Confucian tradition in Duan Zhu’s Shuowen, Duan Yucai in the perspective of ideological history, Western Sinology and Duan Yucai studies, and achieved rich academic achievements, which can be summarized as follows:

　　　　On Duan Yucai’s Linguistics and Philology

　　　　Duan Yucai’s most important academic achievement in his life was in philology, and his main achievements were concentrated in the book Notes on Explaining Words and Characters. Annotation is an important genre of ancient writing. If Xu Shen’s Shuo Wen Jie Zi in the Eastern Han Dynasty focuses on revealing the original meaning of Chinese characters through their glyphs, Duan Yucai in the Qing Dynasty focuses on revealing the extended meaning of Chinese words with handed down documents. Today, we talk about the contribution of paragraph notes to semantics and lexicology, which is mainly based on the extension of paragraph notes. Duan Zhu connects the ancient and modern glyphs, pronunciations and meanings, which makes it more thoughtful.

　　　　Another important contribution of Duan Zhu is that more than 9,000 Chinese characters are placed in the new ancient phonological system, and the rhymes of each character are marked one by one. Attached to Duan’s annotated book, Liushu Phonology Table is the position system of more than 9,000 words, that is, the ancient rhyme system. Duan Yucai’s achievements in ancient phonology can be summarized into two aspects: first, he put forward a series of principles of ancient phonology, became a master of ancient phonology, and especially opened up a new way and a new method system to study the division of ancient phonology from the perspective of harmonic radicals. Second, it is divided into six categories and seventeen parts, which surpass the predecessors and enlighten the later. Duan Yucai and Dai Zhen talked about rhyme for fifteen years, which became a much-told story in academic history. After discussion, the two sides reached a consensus on the part of the three rhymes of "Zhi, Zhi and Zhi" in ancient times. However, Dai has never accepted Duan’s opinion on the separation of ancient truth and literature. Today, the division of ancient truth and literature has become a conclusion and Duan is correct.　

　　　　Another important contribution of Duan Zhu is that, in addition to pointing out the meaning relationship between the related Chinese characters in the radicals of Shuowen, Xu Shen Shuowen has become orderly and "like a text", and it has also been constantly checking instructions on the meaning-related words in the whole book, making them combined and classified.

　　　　What are the new ideas for studying paragraph notes today? To sum up, there are four kinds: one is to absorb the essence of paragraph notes to serve the compilation of contemporary dictionaries, the other is to make a deeper study of paragraph notes by using the sound and meaning of Buddhist scriptures, and the other is to use the "waste words" regulation of paragraph notes to include the study of waste words in the standardization of Chinese characters, so that the International Organization for Standardization can officially publish the Universal Multi-octet Coded Character Set (number ISO10646) as an open mode for editing.

　　　　Some scholars combine the study of Duan Zhujin’s folk characters with the study of dialect characters, which is also very innovative and valuable.

　　　　On Duan Yucai’s Confucian Classics

　　　　First, Duan’s extensive and profound primary school is the methodological support of Duan’s Confucian classics. In the early Qing Dynasty, when Gu Yanwu answered the question of what is Confucian classics, he once said, "Neo-Confucianism is also Confucian classics." That is, "there is no neo-Confucianism without Confucian classics". Similarly, we can also say that there is no Confucian classics without primary school. Duan’s primary school serves the interpretation of classics, and primary school is a tool for studying classics. Duan’s primary school is magnificent, and his achievements in Confucian classics are therefore rich. In Duan Yucai’s view, the history of Confucian classics is really a history of the logical application of pragmatic tools around the group classics, and the history of Confucian classics is a history of the annotation of Confucian classics.

　　　　The second is the language logic of reading classics in Zhou Lihan’s Reading Test (1794). Duan Yucai’s most important contribution to Zhou Lihan’s Reading Test is that he put forward the style of Han Dynasty’s annotation on Zhou Li in order to understand Zhou Li: the preface to Zhou Lihan’s reading test put forward three forms of "Chinese annotation is correct reading". Duan said: "Chinese is a note, and there are three examples: one is to read if, and the other is to read if; Second, read as, read as; Three times. " This passage, also found under the word "read" in Shuo Wen Duan Zhu, can be regarded as an independent ancient philology transferred to Confucian classics as an example of speech. Reading Ru, Reading Ruo: "Imitating its pronunciation" is used to imitate homophones and homonyms. Read for, read for: mainly used to indicate the change of meaning. When: Duan said: "A word error or a sound error is correct, all of which are called when."

　　　　The third is the meritorious service in the field of Shangshu. In the early Qing Dynasty, it was enlightening to denounce the fake ancient prose Shangshu, and Liang Qichao’s Academic Introduction in Qing Dynasty called it "one of the great liberation of sincere ideological circles". Shangshu is one of the thirteen classics, and the thirteen classics are the orthodox guiding ideology of feudal society. It is of course an impact on feudal ruling ideology to expose the forgery of Shangshu. During the Qianlong period, Duan Yucai’s research and verification of the ancient Chinese text Shangshu was of great significance to expose the aftermath of Mei’s pseudograph.　

　　　　The fourth is natural science and reading classics. Duan Yucai attaches great importance to the introduction of natural science into the Confucian Classics. Zhang Binglin’s A Review of Confucianism once said that there are fewer Thirteen Classics in Duan Yucai, and it is advisable to add Da Dai Li Ji, Mandarin, Historical Records, Han Shu, Zi Zhi Tong Jian, and Shuo Wen Jie Zi, Zhou Bian Shu Jing and Nine Chapters of Arithmetic. In this way, two of the eight classics added by Duan are mathematical books, which shows that Duan’s theory of classics attaches importance to natural science.

　　　　Fifthly, it is also worth noting that Duan Yucai’s tolerant attitude towards modern classics. Duan Yucai once asked his grandson Gong Zizhen to learn from Cheng Yaotian, a scholar of ancient Chinese classics. Later, Gong Zizhen, a scholar of Confucian classics, wrote four articles on Ming Liang, exposing the corruption of bureaucratic politics in the Qing Dynasty. When Duan Yucai was 80 years old, he read this article and praised it as "a disease in China and today" and "an outstanding one"! I don’t hate (regret) to die when I still see this. "

　　　　On Duan Yucai’s Philosophical Thought

　　　　There are many contents in the paragraph notes that are close to the philosophy of language. Generally speaking, Duan Zhu’s explanation of the righteous examples in Shuowen, the righteous examples, literary examples and regulations are all the logic of the book itself, and Duan Zhu’s invention of the book permission regulations is an extremely important content of language philosophy. The generalization of the logical and semantic order of the words received by the Ministry after the paragraph notes, and the classification and comparison of similar semantics in different radicals are typical philosophical problems of language. A series of principles of ancient phonology when divided into six categories and seventeen parts of ancient rhymes, especially the deep-seated principle and composition of "the homophonic sounds are the same, and the ancient rhymes are the same", the metalinguistic characteristics in the interpretation of the extended meanings in the paragraph notes, and the examples of the interpretation of Duan’s Confucian classics, are all philosophical problems of language.

　　　　There is a problem here, that is, the ontology of language philosophy. The ontology of China’s ancient philosophy of language is Chinese and Chinese characters. Modern cognitive linguistics also believes that the words of a national language can be used to understand the culture, thought and national spirit of the nation. Duan Yucai devoted his whole life to explaining Chinese language, revealing phonology and semantic categories, which is precisely the ontological research of language philosophy. The deeper value of this research lies in carrying forward the national cultural spirit. Whenever we study Shuo Wen Duan Zhu with awe, we are certainly attracted by the knowledge treasure in it, but what fascinates us even more is the cultural spirit of Duan Zhu’s Chinese characters, which is the spiritual implication conveyed by Duan’s explanation. Duan’s research is, in a word, the study of the meaning of language. Our study of the meaning system revealed by Duan Yucai is of general world outlook and scientific understanding significance.

　　　　In recent years, the academic circles have mentioned the modernity of traditional academics, that is, the modern transformation of traditional academics. Different fields have their own academic transformations. For example, in the above-mentioned field of linguistics and philology, from three segments: extended meanings, ancient phonology and analogical characters, from dictionary compilation, Buddhist phonology and meanings, from compiling Chinese character "attribute dictionary" to developing paragraph notes by using the "waste words" regulation of paragraph notes, and from supplementing Xu Shu and paragraph notes with ancient characters. In the field of Confucian classics, it is all aspects of modernity to construct the philosophy of language and philology of China’s ancient philosophy of language in the field of philosophy from the aspects of practical learning, style, enlightenment thought and natural science view.

　　　　The more important aspect of "modern transformation" is to inherit Duan’s rigorous and realistic academic spirit. Duan spent nearly 40 years (1776-1815) creating a book "Notes on Explaining Words", which shows that Duan’s academic and cultural spirit is the most valuable spiritual wealth.

　　　　(Author: College of Literature, Nanjing University)

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