In recent years, with the development of the Internet and mobile terminals, especially the popularity of smart phones, network language has gradually ushered in the climax of development, and has formed a certain impact and influence on Chinese itself, and new words such as "call" and "children’s shoes" have appeared. These emerging abbreviations, mixed words, alphabetic words and homophonic words are not only popular on the Internet, but also "popular" in various scenes of life. So, how should we treat these new words and whether we need to standardize them? In this issue, we invited four scholars to discuss the above issues for readers.

　　A robbery by several "Nantah" families refers to a case-solving case several years ago. In 2015, Nanchang University published the Charter of Nanchang University in official website, and named it "Nanda" for short, which was a repetition of the long-established abbreviation of "Nanjing University" and aroused public concern. During the discussion, people think that Nanning University can only be called Ningda if it is not called Nanda, but Ningxia University and Ningbo University have problems again. Ningxia University is called "Xiada", which coincides with the pronunciation of "Xiamen University". This has stimulated the humorous ability of netizens to create gimmicks, such as calling Xiamen University "the big door", Shantou University "the big head" and Taiyuan University "too big", and so on.

　　Why do colleges and universities attach so much importance to abbreviations? First, according to the statistics of econometrics, the frequency of Chinese words depends largely on the length of words, and the longer the words, the lower the frequency of use. That is to say, a university has a short and loud abbreviation, which will have unexpected effects on improving the visibility of the school and making it easier for people to mention it. Secondly, in people’s daily communication, the abbreviation ru sentence is often more in line with the rhythm and rhythm of speech. For example, "troops stationed in Beijing" and "people coming to Shanghai" are more in line with the reading and breathing habits of "2+2" rhythm than "troops stationed in Beijing" and "people coming to Shanghai", so they are easier to be selected by speakers. Thirdly, it is easier for listeners to remember the object of conversation by using abbreviations. For example, "China University of Science and Technology has developed rapidly in recent years" is better than "China University of Science and Technology has developed rapidly in recent years".

　　The abbreviation of universities belongs to the category of abbreviated words in linguistics. It is generally believed that people like to use abbreviations because the speaker always wants to make his meaning clear in the shortest possible words (inertia psychology under the principle of language economy); Another reason is that the human brain’s information processing ability is limited. If the sentence is too long, the listener will remember the back and forget the front, so compressing some parts of the sentence can be more conducive to sentence understanding. Then there is the self-expression advantage of the university abbreviation mentioned above. For these reasons, languages of all ethnic groups have the habit of using abbreviations. For example, in English documents, some long units and concepts will be marked with acronyms when the word appears for the first time, such as the World Trade Organization, and when it is mentioned later, it will be replaced by WTO. There are also many ways to abbreviate Chinese. Besides English, there are also ways to abbreviate words: ① Abbreviation (Internet celebrity — Online celebrity); Section division (such as the abbreviation "CPPCC" for "Political Consultative Conference"); ③ Headword sharing method (such as "universities, primary and secondary schools, import and export, entry and exit", etc.); (4) Co-deletion of headwords (such as "being more advanced than learning, catching up with the advanced, helping the advanced and surpassing the advanced" constitutes "being more advanced than learning");⑤ Sentences are condensed into words (such as "conversion from military to civilian, upgrading from college to undergraduate, changing profits into taxes"); ⑥ Once contracted and then contracted, abbreviations are shortened again according to the occasion of use (such as "People’s Republic of China (PRC)" — "China" — "medium"); ⑦ "consonant", part of phonemes are selected from two syllables to form a new syllable ("two" — "Two" and "Three" — "three", "no need" — "Don’t") and so on.

　　In recent years, the convenience and speed of network communication have stimulated the creativity of netizens, and a large number of new abbreviations have entered the field of communication and extended from online to offline. Such as "rich soil, camp reform, Gao Fushuai, plain and sweet, ignorant, eager to make progress, unwilling to dismantle people’s difficulties, and refusing to move ten times". Many of these new abbreviations compress a complete event into three or four syllables. However, the new abbreviations are widely used, and their negative effects are rapidly emerging. First, the newly created abbreviations are too random and have poor stability, and they are produced and disappeared almost every day, which has caused the user’s memory burden; Second, some abbreviations are relatively obscure in meaning, and many people often don’t know what they mean, resulting in communication barriers; Third, out of the pursuit of fashion, primary and secondary school students use network abbreviations in daily communication and composition, which blurs the learning of standardized language.

　　So, how should abbreviations be standardized? On the one hand, we must be strict. Network abbreviations should not be used or appear in official documents, publications and school teaching. On the other hand, we should be tolerant. No matter how novel the network abbreviation language is, after all, it aims at communication. This factor determines that it can’t be too outrageous, and some distinctive new abbreviations will also settle down and enter the standard words. Back to the university abbreviation mentioned at the beginning, there are the following solutions: First, respect history. In recent decades, "Nanda" has gradually become a recognized abbreviation of Nanjing University. Lingnan University and Nankai University, which were originally called "Nanda", were renamed "Lingnan" and "Nankai" respectively. Second, respect the authority. The abbreviations determined in the university articles of association approved by the Ministry of Education first, and those declared later, should be avoided. For example, Nanchang University, Nantong University and Nanning University should no longer be referred to as "Nanda". Third, now everyone has accepted three-syllable words and four-syllable words, and university abbreviations don’t have to be reduced to two syllables, such as "Beijing Normal University" and "Northeast Normal University" are also good choices.

　　(Author: Wu Changan, Wu Na, professors of Northeast Normal University and postdoctoral fellow of Sun Yat-sen University)

　　Recently, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province fully implemented the joint prevention and control mechanism of the State Council, and implemented the "Class B and Class B Management" to ensure people’s life safety and health to the greatest extent and minimize the impact of the epidemic on economic and social development.

　　“‘ Class b tube ’ The focus is on strengthening services and guarantees. Shenyang has strengthened disease monitoring and early warning, strengthened prevention and control of key populations, key units, key institutions and major events, and vigorously carried out health education for residents. " Liang Hongjun, Party Secretary and Director of Shenyang Municipal Health and Wellness Committee, said.

　　Up to now, all 138 medical institutions above the second level in Shenyang have set up fever clinics, and all 198 community health service centers and 110 township health centers have set up fever clinics, with a maximum of more than 20,000 patients in 24 hours.

　　In order to solve the problem of "drug difficulty", Hunnan District has established a drug service working group of "community party organization+grid member of market supervision institute+person in charge of pharmacy", established a docking mechanism with pharmacies in its jurisdiction, formed a demand list, and solved the drug purchase needs of special groups.

　　"I sent the medicine in half a day!" On the afternoon of January 8, Zhang Derong, an 80-year-old man who lives in Caixia Community in Hunnan District, received antipyretics from the community.

　　"Aunt Zhang is an elderly person living alone. After receiving the help information, we will arrange to send medicine to the elderly for the first time." Su Chang, secretary of the Party Committee of Caixia Community, said, "We have included 10 pharmacies in our jurisdiction into the community service matrix to form the residents’ drug purchase ‘ Service circle ’ , forming a ‘ from community to pharmacy to special people; Drug delivery chain ’ , solve the drug distribution ‘ The last mile ’ Difficult problem. "

　　To implement the "Class B Management", the countryside is an important barrier. To this end, Shenyang has accelerated the construction of grass-roots health defense lines, done a good job in health monitoring of key personnel such as the elderly, pregnant women and left-behind children, and unblocked the green channel for referral, thus providing convenient services for Covid-19 vaccination of rural elderly people.

　　Kangping county has established a multi-sectoral joint response mechanism to solve residents’ needs, taking the village as a unit, responding within 10 minutes, completing the urgent need within 1 hour, and reporting it as soon as it is beyond its ability; Set up a volunteer service team for social psychological assistance and a psychological crisis intervention team, and open a volunteer service hotline for assistance. Since January 1 ST, online and offline have solved the needs of villagers and conducted psychological counseling for 1876 times; Mobilize rural party member, volunteers and other forces, and reserve 3,165 emergency reserve forces in counties and villages.

In recent years, Anhui Normal University has conscientiously implemented the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader’sThe Important Thought of Poverty Alleviation and Development, the funding education work as education project, people’s livelihood project, aroundThe fundamental task of "cultivating people by virtue" is to adhere to the working concept of "student-oriented, helping people as much as possible, subsidizing and educating people", and initially form a working mechanism of "unified leadership of schools, overall guidance of departments, and implementation by colleges", and realize the "four highs and four zeros" funding work with high funding coverage, high funding amount, high success rate, high satisfaction, zero complaints, zero mistakes, zero arrears and zero dropout.144”Quality system of subsidizing education.

First, solve the problem and independently develop a smart system.

Relying on the easy-shift platform, the school promoted the informatization construction of funding work, independently developed a smart funding system, and initially realized the following functions:The first is accurate identification.The quantitative index system of poor students identification is developed by using mathematical model, and the quantitative identification system is developed.So as to distinguish students with difficultiesgroup, and canIdentify itThe degree of difficulty has greatly improved the scientific and accurate identification of students with difficulties.The school has been fully implemented"Online identification+class evaluation+field visit verification" is a new identification model for students with financial difficulties.The second isAccurate funding.The school analyzed the data of the demand ratio of financial aid for poor students in three poverty levels and established the evaluation index of demand and financial aid.Carry out classified funding.2018In, all the poor students in the school were assisted.0.510,000 yuan, of which the average poverty level is0.810,000 yuan, the difficulty level is average.0.5Ten thousand yuan, the average difficulty level.0.3Ten thousand yuan,realizeWe should do our best to help.The third is accurate distribution.The subsidy for difficulties does not need to be applied by students, and is directly distributed to students’ campus cards according to the system data. The school also independently developed."wish1+1"module, according to the needs of poor students to buy warm clothes and school supplies, through the entrusted express mail directly to the aided students.The fourth is accurate inquiry.The realization of customized and accurate query of all kinds of information has laid a solid foundation for accurate funding. At present, data information can be quickly connected with national and provincial funding systems.

Second, highlight the humanities and make every effort to promote it."Four Warms Accompanied" Project

According to the season, the special period of study, family accidents and other factors, timely organize and carry out.The "Four Warnings Accompanied" project, to achieve "where the poor students are, where the funding work is".One is"Warm Spring Action".Spring is a special time when students have heavy study tasks, concentrated examination and research, and increased pressure on life.Festival. Before the state grant has been issued, the school will provide students with sudden family changes during the winter vacation.、Orphans and disabled students, martyrs, special care recipients, etc.Special hardship groups issue temporary hardship subsidies to solvetheirLife problems.The second is"Operation Warm Winter".The school is located along the river, in winter.Wet and cold. Before the arrival of winter, the school distributed warm clothes to the poor students to let them spend the cold winter with peace of mind.The third is"Warm Learning Action".On the eve of the final exam and postgraduate entrance examination, subsidies will be given to students from poor families who participate in work-study programs, so that they will no longer participate in work-study programs and review for the exam with peace of mind.The fourth is"Warm Road Action".In the season of employment and postgraduate re-examination, transportation subsidies for job hunting and postgraduate re-examination are provided for difficult graduates.2018In, the school passed.“Four warm companions"Project fundingFamily economic difficultiesgrow9478Person-times, with a total amount of442.69Ten thousand yuan.

Third, grasp the demand and focus on building"40%" education mode

1.　Cultivate and inspire ideas“I want to be a success."Love

According to the growth needs of students from poor families, ideological cultivation is carried out, which effectively stimulates poor students.The feeling of "I want to be a talent"The first is to compile teaching materials for aiding education.The book is divided into seven chapters, including career planning, interpersonal communication, self-improvement, gratitude and dedication, honesty and trustworthiness, mental health, innovation and entrepreneurship, with 170,000 words. According to the reading characteristics of poor students, the question-and-answer writing method is adopted to solve their growth confusion. At present, the teaching materials are being published. It will become the first subsidized education textbook specially written for students from poor families in Anhui Province.The second is to create"Moss Flower" inspirational class.according toBased on the principle of "one classroom, two classrooms", a "menu" and "open" curriculum system with ideals and beliefs, self-motivation, gratitude and dedication, honesty and trustworthiness, career planning, interpersonal communication, mental health and innovation and entrepreneurship as the main contents is constructed, which requires every poor student.It needs to be completed every year28A study task of 10 hours,Realize the full coverage of hierarchical and classified education for poor students in the whole school;depend on"Binghui Scene Simulation Laboratory" opened the "Moss Flower" Theater, and put the story of subsidizing education on the stage, so as to achieve one theme, one tutor, one comment and one experience in each period, so that poor students can receive more vivid and vivid education. This year has been held.sixA special training,Students from poor familiesparticipate in3720People.The third isChoose excellent models of trees.By carrying out“Top Ten Self-improvement Stars”“Top ten volunteers”“Top ten college students"Waiting for the selection activities, looking for inspirational role models around you, Wu Qingshan, winner of the May Fourth Youth Medal in China, has emerged one after another.“China college students’ self-improvement star pacesetter"Guzilinur·Ainiwal et al.190Many poor students are typical. Hold an annual awardThe award ceremony and scholarship awarding ceremony were strengthened by designing mascots, taking photos on the red carpet, reviewing and looking forward to short films, drawing prizes by friends of students, telling stories of peers, and awarding prizes by leading professors.Students from poor familiesThe sense of ritual education, enhance their self-confidence and sense of honor.2018In 2000, the awarding ceremony and awarding ceremony were held at two levels.36Second, do itFamily financial difficultiesStudents participate in full coverage.

2.　Personality guidance, promotionA trip to "I can become a talent"

Through the construction of two-level development counseling stations in schools and colleges, implementPomegranate seedProject, promoteA trip to "I can become a talent".First, there is a platform for guidance.around"Students from poor families need in-depth counseling and personalized counseling", and the school actively promotes the school.Two-level development counseling station construction, and issued management and assessment methods. At present, there are two levels of school and college.17A development counseling station.The second is to guide a team.The school has set up a team of professional development counseling teachers with qualifications such as career planning guidance, employment guidance, entrepreneurship guidance and psychological counseling. At present, there are full-time and part-time development counselors at the school and college levels.126People, including subtropical high or above.32People.Third, there are methods for guidance.explore“one-to-one"The combination of personalized counseling and group counseling helps students analyze their shortcomings and advantages and clarify the direction of success.2018In, the two-level development counseling station was launched.Individualized counseling and group counseling8200Remaining person-times.Fourth, the guidance has characteristics.For Xinjiang nationalityStudents from poor familiesimplement“Granite seed"Engineering,pass“Point-to-Point"Pairing mode, targeted personality guidance.“Granite seed"engineeringObtain the approval of provincial offices and exchange experiences; The school conducts it every year.“Hundreds of scholars visit hundreds of schools."Activities, in-depth understanding of students’ family situation, rightStudents from poor familiesConduct personality guidance.2018Year,138The famous academic staff paid a return visit.632A poor family.

3.　Classified training, propulsion"I can become a talent" move

according toThe principle of "make up for weaknesses and grow talents", implement classified training and promote the move of "I can become a talent".The first is to set up"Double Support" project, focusing on development planning.“Shuangfu"The project is designed for the weak.homeStudents with financial difficulties in courtSet up a platform, set up teams and individuals to plan projects, and let them improve their work by combining pairing assistance or individual independent design.Career planning ability.2018Year,“Shuangfu"project approval and initiation35Item, item30Item, yes356A poor student participated in the project.The second is to implement work-study programs and strengthen self-reliance.The school has built a work-study mode combining internal and external affairs, with weak arrangement ability.homeStudents with financial difficulties in courtParticipate in the school work-study program and arrange for the instructor to carry out it.“one-to-one"Guidance and assistance; Encourage othershomeStudents with financial difficulties in courtTake part in off-campus work-study programs to improve their labor skills.The third is to hold academic competitions to improve professional quality.encouragehomeStudents with financial difficulties in courtJoin robot contest, normal students’ skill competition, innovation and entrepreneurship competition, career planning competition, patent competition, etc. in combination with their majors, so as to enhance their professional learning interest and professionalism.2018Year, yes693namehome

4.　Effectiveness evaluation, realizationThe dream of "I have become a talented person"

Explore and form a set of quantitative evaluation system of subsidized education with five first-level indicators such as gratitude and honesty, self-improvement, study and practice, communication and development achievement as the core. Evaluation haircurrent,2012Since,Family financial difficultiesStudents have made remarkable progress in obtaining scholarships, graduation, employment, further studies, organizational development and voluntary service. such as2018In, the organizational development rate of students from poor families was higher than the average level of the whole school.3.69Percentage points, the employment rate is higher than the school average.4.67Percentage points, the enrollment rate is higher than the school average.6.49Percentage points, the scholarship rate is higher than the school average.14.6The winning rate of competitions at or above the provincial level is higher than the average level of the whole school.0.46Percentage points, volunteer service time is higher than the average level of the whole school.0.5Wait an hour.

studyThe results of the school’s financial aid work deeply touched every poor student, and they spontaneously issued a love relay initiative., established“Love relay"Fund, return to the alma mater. In recent years,studySchool alumni Chen Liqin, Wang Daming and other alumni donated more than0.5100 million yuan, for the school to set up scholarships, strengthen infrastructure, etc., of which the donors are in school.Family financial difficultiesRaw accounts for one third.studyCharacteristics of school-funded educationdoFrance attracts Fudan University and Hefei University.University of Fertilizer Technology, Shanghai University, etc.10Many brotherly colleges and universities in and out of the province came to our school for investigation and exchange, which was reported by official website, the Ministry of Education.

■ At night, the transportation department dispatches taxis to Guangzhou South Railway Station to ensure the "night returnees" to travel. (Photo courtesy of the interviewee)

■ New Express reporter Dai Guohui

Recently, many Guangzhou residents have reported that it is difficult to take a taxi through the online car platform, especially in the Tianhe business district and the Pearl River New Town around the rush hour and around 11: 00 at night. At the same time, it is also difficult to take a taxi in the residential gathering area during the rush hour.

phenomenon

Didi taxis line up hundreds of people.

It is difficult to make an appointment with a car during peak hours.

Ms. Liang, a citizen of Guangzhou, told the reporter about the difficulty of taking a taxi in Tianhe South 1 ST Road next to Tianhe City on August 17. It was Valentine’s Day, and around 11 pm, she wanted to take a taxi back to her residence near Tangxia. She used the "Didi Chuxing" APP to make an appointment for an online car. "There are more than 100 people waiting in line in front, and the system estimates that the waiting time is 1 hour and more than 20 minutes." Ms. Liang told reporters.

On the other hand, the reporter learned from a drip driver that it was even more difficult to take a taxi in Tianhe business district that day. The driver surnamed Luo told the reporter, "At that time, it usually took two hours to take a taxi in Tianhe City."

Mr. He, a citizen, told the reporter that he took a taxi at 8: 00 a.m. a few days ago. He wanted to call the network car in a hurry, but the system showed that the queue had to wait for 40 minutes. "There is no subway nearby, and the taxi is full of people. I got on the bus at 8: 40 and was late."

The reporter interviewed a number of network car users, and users have different degrees of experience about the difficulty of getting a car. However, most of these situations occur during the rush hour and around 11 pm, and the locations only occur in residential areas, Pearl River New Town, passenger hub stations and some business districts.

Network car enterprise

Users are advised to carpool.

Regarding the situation that it is difficult to get a car in some areas of Guangzhou at a specific time, the relevant person of Didi Company responded to an interview with the New Express reporter and said that it did receive such a reflection from users and suggested that users travel by car.

Didi said: "Recently, the platform has received many reports from users that the success rate of taxis in some areas has decreased during peak hours, and the waiting time has become longer. I would like to remind users to plan their travel modes as far as possible in advance, and travel more by making an appointment or carpooling, and the success rate will be relatively high …"

Taxi company dispatches vehicle security

South Station "Night Return" Travel

During the summer vacation, it is also difficult to take a taxi after 11 pm at Guangzhou South Railway Station. Mr. Zhong told reporters that it took him more than half an hour to get a network car after 11 pm on August 14th.

In order to alleviate the difficulty of taxiing, from 23:00 on Fridays and Saturdays to 0:30 the next day, Guangzhou Transportation Department organized Guangzhou Public Transport Group to arrange a certain amount of taxi capacity to Guangzhou South Railway Station to do a good job. When the capacity of Guangzhou South Railway Station is insufficient, the municipal transportation department will dispatch other empty taxis to carry passengers through the information system to ensure that citizens can enjoy taxi services in time.

On the other hand, Guangzhou Public Transport Group also encrypts the departure density of night buses in the South Railway Station area, and at the same time opens passengers who arrive in Guangzhou at night at the bottom of the special line.

interlinkage

In July, the number of violations of the network car decreased by nearly half compared with last month.

On August 20, the Law Enforcement Bureau of Guangzhou Communications Commission announced the list of companies suspected of violating the rules in taxis and online cars in July this year. By comparing the law enforcement announcements in the past three months, some enterprises have been listed on the same law enforcement project more than once. Another striking thing is that the number of violations of the network car has been greatly reduced.

● Statistics

Non-compiled enterprises with illegal operations have been listed three times.

The reporter noticed that in the investigation and handling of non-compiled drivers by law enforcement officers of the Law Enforcement Bureau of the Communications Commission, there were taxi companies on the list for three consecutive times, and more than 50 non-compiled operations were investigated. Guangzhou Lishifeng Automobile Co., Ltd. has been investigated for 50 non-compiled operations for three consecutive months; Guangzhou Xianfu Taxi Co., Ltd. was investigated for 52 cases of non-compiled operation for three consecutive months.

On the other hand, according to the published data, the operating violation rate of taxi companies has decreased compared with May. In May, the violation rate of the top taxi companies reached 19.27%. In July, the number one taxi company’s violation rate dropped to 14.49%. It should be pointed out that this data is still at a high level.

The number of violations of the network car has declined

The number of violations of the network car operation has been significantly reduced. In May, the Law Enforcement Bureau of Guangzhou Communications Commission investigated and dealt with 252 cases of illegal operation of online car, which was reduced to 143 cases in June and 73 cases in July.

The reporter learned from the Law Enforcement Bureau of the Municipal Communications Commission that the illegal operation of the network car is mainly concentrated in the driver’s license of the network car driver and the transportation license of the operating vehicle. According to the relevant regulations, the driver of the network car will face a fine of 10,000 to 30,000 yuan for operating without a license.

● Cases

The same taxi meets Baiyun Airport.

Law enforcement officers investigated and dealt with a "full clone taxi"

On August 15th, when law enforcement officers visited the south first floor of T1 departure hall of Baiyun Airport, they found that the body color of a Guangdong A***RA "Guangfa" taxi was slightly different. After systematic investigation, the taxi with the license plate number A***RA happened to be located in T2 Terminal 1 km away. After verification, the possibility of deviation caused by GPS signal instability was ruled out, and law enforcement officers initially determined that Guangdong A***RA in T1 was a fake taxi.

Law enforcement officers parked the two cars side by side for further investigation, and found that the model, license plate, ceiling light, internal control and even the advertisement of the rear glass of the car body in T1 were exactly the same as those in T2. The law enforcement officers carefully checked the license plate, frame number and invoice information. The T1 Guangdong A***RA license plate did not match the frame number, and the invoice information was also inconsistent. The invoice supervision telephone number was not the number of Guangfa Company, but it was indeed a "full clone taxi". The law enforcement officers temporarily detained the counterfeit taxi on the spot according to law.

Non-compiled list of operating violations of cruise taxi companies (top 5)

No. Enterprise Name Number of Violation Cases

1 Guangzhou Lishifeng Automobile Co., Ltd.17

2 Guangdong Xiecheng Car Rental Co., Ltd. 16

3 Guangzhou Gode Passenger Transport Co., Ltd. 14

4 Guangzhou Xianfu Taxi Co., Ltd. 14

5 Guangzhou Fanyun Taxi Company Limited 13

List of illegal operating rates of cruise taxi companies (top 5)

Serial number Enterprise name Vehicle violation rate

1 Guangzhou Huangqi Transportation Co., Ltd. 14.49%

2 Guangzhou Baiyun Yuntong Car Rental Co., Ltd. 14.35%

3 Guangzhou Guangda Taxi Co., Ltd. 12.30%

4 Guangdong Yingfeng Automobile Service Co., Ltd. 11.76%

5 Guangzhou Qide Taxi Co., Ltd. 11.24%

During his inspection of the Academy of Military Sciences, President Xi stressed that it is necessary to open a closed loop from practice to theory and then from theory to practice, so that the research of military theory can be rooted in the fertile soil of practice, be tested by practice, and realize the benign interaction between theory and practice. Today, with the surge of the new military revolution in the world, it is necessary to further handle the dialectical relationship between military theory and military practice in order to implement the spirit of the 19th Party Congress and promote the modernization of military theory.

Grasp the law of military practice and enhance the consciousness of military theory innovation

Since the birth of the war, human military practice has gone through thousands of years, including wood and stone age, metal age, gunpowder age and mechanization age, and is now striding towards the information age. To innovate military theory, only by thinking through time and space and knowing the overall situation of human military practice, especially war practice, can we base ourselves on the universal law of military practice and accurately grasp the characteristics of the times of military practice.

Grasp the universal law behind it through twists and turns. According to relevant statistics, from 3200 BC to 1964 AD, there were more than 14,500 wars in the world. These wars are different in nature, scale and ways of confrontation, and even have different faces. However, all war practices have common and universal laws. For example, wars are the continuation of politics, so there are points of justice and injustice; Wars are violent confrontations, which will cause more or less destruction and casualties; The final decisive factor of the victory or defeat of a war is people, so no matter how weapons and equipment develop, it will not ultimately decide the victory or defeat of a war, and so on. After entering the 21st century, when people talk about information, intelligence and unmanned warfare, and today, more and more attention is paid to technology and equipment, it is necessary to avoid seeing things but not people and ensure that military theoretical innovation advances in the right direction.

He is good at following the trend with time and understanding the internal password of change. War is often a huge system involving complex variables. Changes in political, economic, social, cultural and diplomatic factors, innovations in equipment, technology, talents, organization and tactics will all affect the development of military practice and the evolution of military theory. To innovate military theory, we must try our best to grasp why, where and how military practice changes from these changes, and earnestly grasp the historical law of the evolution of military practice. Specifically, to innovate military theory under the new historical conditions, we must see many characteristics of modern warfare, such as large economic investment, high technology content, fast combat action, and many political restrictions, and recognize the basic characteristics of the development of modern military forces, such as small quantity and scale, fine strength, excellent organizational structure, and fine command and management.

Be familiar with the changes of ancient and modern times and predict the future development trend. In the long history of war, there are both long gradual changes and short-term drastic changes. To promote the innovation of military theory, we should not only clearly predict the long-term trend of military practice development, but also attach great importance to major military mutations and their possible subversive effects. For example, once laser and quantum replace electrons as the new foundation of information technology, it will have a far-reaching impact on the rules of information attack and defense and the comparison of strategic forces. It can be seen that fully grasping the development trend of future military practice and clearly estimating the possible sudden changes are important guarantees for mastering the initiative and winning the future.

Correcting the innovation direction of military theory by comparing the effectiveness of military practice

The effectiveness of military theory innovation ultimately depends on military practice to test and correct. The innovation of military theory must jump out of the self-circulation of thinking, adhere to the test standard of practice, enrich the test methods of practice and expand the test ways of practice.

Test the innovation of military theory with new war practice. Engels once profoundly pointed out that in a long period of peace, how much weapons have improved due to the development of industry, how much combat methods have fallen behind. The lessons of Maginot Line of Defense have repeatedly warned people to avoid using yesterday’s brain to understand today’s war and break through the imprisonment of old thinking. The fundamental way is to constantly reflect on new war practice, recognize the unique essence and laws of modern war, objectively predict the development trend of war practice, find an effective way to win, and blow off the historical dust in military theory.

Test the innovation of military theory with the practice of preparing for war and using troops. Preparation for military struggle is the key link between army building and combat, an important aspect of peacetime military practice, and also provides a means to test the effectiveness of military theory innovation. It is necessary to unify the practice of combat readiness with the reflection of theory, find and solve the contradictions between them, effectively correct the tendency of theory to be divorced from actual combat, and promote it to be close to war. Although there is no war in peacetime, the practice of using troops in peacetime, such as anti-terrorism, maintaining stability, international peacekeeping and military deterrence, has opened up new ways to test the theoretical results. Making good use of the successful experience of these non-war military operations is conducive to sharpening the practical quality of military theory.

Test the innovation of military theory with the practice of building and managing the army. In peacetime, building and managing the army is the most basic military practice. We should persist in testing the innovative achievements of military theory with actual combat training, and make the innovative achievements of military theory constantly focus on combat effectiveness and lead to actual combat through layer-by-layer screening of basic training, synthetic training, joint training and mission training practice. In particular, we should make good use of the ruler of training practice, insist on training to measure the effectiveness of theoretical innovation in equipment, technology, battlefield and management, and measure the gains and losses of theoretical innovation in various fields, levels, links and elements with training, squeeze out all kinds of ideological bubbles that cannot stand the test of training, and correct all kinds of theoretical deviations that deviate from actual combat training.

Test the innovation of military theory with military virtual practice. Simulation training, virtual simulation, network confrontation and other means, in an immersive and interactive way, can make the officers and men involved get a personal feeling of the future war and an ideological impact that is close to actual combat, which has a good test and evaluation effect on the virtual and real, long and short, superior and inferior in military theoretical innovation. It is an important achievement of the creative application of modern soft science and high technology represented by information technology in training and exercises, and has opened up a relatively independent new channel to test the innovative achievements of military theory. Comprehensive development and application of military virtual practice, giving full play to the role of military virtual practice in testing military theoretical innovation, and combining it with real military practice will help to better play the role of military practice testing and better correct the direction of military theoretical innovation.

Innovating military theory and leading the development of military practice

With the progress of technology and the development of human society, military theory has more and more functions of designing wars and leading the development of wars. Realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation in the great global changes requires our military theory to have a broader vision, a more forward-looking vision, a keen grasp of the world’s military development trends, and a moderate lead in the development of war practice.

Keep up with the trend of the situation and grasp the historical position of military practice. With the group rise of emerging countries and the relative decline of western power, the global power balance has undergone profound changes, and the Asia-Pacific region has increasingly become the global geographical focus. The structural contradictions between the rising countries and the defending countries have increased, and the risks of competition, games and even conflicts and confrontations among big countries have increased. At the same time, the increasingly close interest ties formed by economic globalization, the increasing number of common multiple security threats faced by all countries, and the growing sense of community of human destiny all shape and restrict the way of resolving contradictions among big countries from different aspects, making it unlikely that a full-scale war will break out between big countries or even trigger a world war. However, military contests such as proxy war, marginal war, armed confrontation and strategic deterrence, which use strategic means to seek benefits, are inevitable, which requires military theoretical innovation to further broaden its horizons and guide military practice.

Keep up with the trend of technology and grasp the operation law of military practice. The use of metals, the invention of stirrups, the appearance of gunpowder, the introduction of tanks, the development of nuclear weapons and the change of information technology have triggered profound changes in the form and mode of warfare again and again. Judging from the previous military revolutions, the scientific and technological revolution is the most profound factor that triggered the military revolution. To promote military theoretical innovation, we must pay close attention to the development trend of science and technology. On the one hand, it is necessary to grasp the military possibilities contained in technological breakthroughs, especially the fundamental changes in confrontation rules and operational mechanisms caused by subversive technologies. The key here is to use the magnifying glass of military thought to select various technical possibilities, find out technological breakthroughs with great military value and study and develop them; On the other hand, we should find out the strategic demand for developing specific technology from the demand of political, economic and strategic games, and actively cultivate the technological fire to meet this strategic demand.

Follow the trend of national conditions and grasp the characteristics of China in military practice. To innovate military theory and lead military development, we should grasp the general laws of human military development, study the special laws of China’s military development, and influence and even lead the development of military practice with the original design of the development and application of China’s military forces. First, focus on ensuring peaceful development, pursue an active defense strategy, refrain from military expansion and arms race, and establish a theoretical perspective of providing strong military support for common security and mutual benefit. Second, to develop the people’s war in the new era, we always regard serving the people, organizing the people and relying on the people as the starting point and the end result of the innovative development of military theory. The third is based on me. Resolutely oppose copying the West in terms of ideas, paths, modes, technologies and organizations, strive to take root in China’s national conditions and military situation, identify the key points and shortcomings of strong enemies, and seize the initiative and lead the future in the design of strength development and application.

(The author is a researcher at the Academy of Military Sciences)

A father’s big hand is a child’s most powerful support. Reporter Qiao Junwei photo

　　Lao Dou, I love you in my heart!

　　Today is Father’s Day, but in the parent-child relationship in Chinese, few children express their love and gratitude to their father in person. According to the survey of Dayang. com, 91.5% people have never said "I love you" to their father’s face!

　　However, in the Father’s Day warm blessing launched by this newspaper yesterday, more than 70 children boldly expressed their feelings through newspapers, telling their fathers: "Dad, I love you!"

　　Yesterday, several fathers and children of different ages were interviewed by reporters, telling the feelings of father and son (daughter) in their hearts: the intimacy between father and son (daughter) when children were young; Adolescence challenges and rebelles against father’s authority; Gradually understand and accept the father after adulthood; After middle age, I empathized with my father … Every story is sincere and touching.

　　Our reporters Huang Rongfang and Shi Shanwei

　　Dad, I want to tell you

　　Silent love always has some regrets.

　　Nini is a 6-year-old first-year student

　　"I often say,’ Dad, I love you’"

　　My father is very strong. Therefore, he hugged me when I was a child, because my mother was weak! Grandma said that when I was a child, my father always took me to sleep at night because my mother worked the night shift. I always wake up in the middle of the night to eat milk, go to the balcony to see the scenery and go downstairs to play. My father makes milk powder for me every night and plays with me in the middle of the night. Grandma said that at that time, my father shook me while sleeping with his eyes closed! Because he is so sleepy!

　　Dad loves telling jokes and has many ideas, so I like playing games with him very much. When I am unhappy, he will say, "I will count to three, and you will definitely laugh!" " However, before counting, he always deliberately said, "Keep your mouth shut! Keep your face tight! I’m going to count! Get ready … "As a result, I can’t help laughing before he starts counting.

　　Now, my father is more and more strict with me. He doesn’t like me crying. Sometimes I dawdle and don’t do my homework, and he will yell at me. Dad always said that my mother spoiled me too much, saying that loving mothers often failed.

　　Unlike mom, dad always says, "Baby, I love you so much!" " He doesn’t say such disgusting things very much. He sometimes calls me by my first name instead of my nickname. However, I still feel that he loves me very much Therefore, I will often say to him: "Dad, I love you!" "

　　Iowa is a 16-year-old junior high school student.

　　"My father and I basically have no intersection."

　　My father is in the clothing business in Hengjiao, Baiyun District. He does his business and I go to my school. They are irrelevant. I was introverted since I was a child, and I didn’t like to talk. My grades in primary school were average. Dad’s discipline for me is in the primary school stage, and I have a few words of praise for my good grades; If you don’t do well in the exam, beat you with a stick.

　　When I was in the fifth and sixth grade of primary school, my father began to be indifferent to my grades. Every time he finished the exam, he would only ask, "Did you do well in the exam?" Every time I answer "average", he doesn’t bother to ask. Since junior high school, I have been at the bottom of my class in every exam.

　　Because of my poor grades, my father never held out much hope for me. Now that the senior high school entrance examination is over, I did badly in the exam again. Anyway, there is no hope of attending high school. Dad has planned for me to go to a technical school and major in business English. He said he could do clothing business with him in the future after he graduated from English. Since he has made a decision for me, I don’t have any complaints, so I just chose a technical school in Liwan District and started school in two months. Unfortunately, you can’t live on campus then, but you have to live with your parents.

　　In fact, I know that my father, like my mother, is very kind to me. He remembers my birthday every year and cooks a delicious table every time. When I was in the fifth grade, my father bought me a computer for 8000 yuan. But I don’t think he cares about me, and I seldom talk to him if I’m okay. There is basically no intersection between us.

　　Mr. Zhang is a 45-year-old civil servant

　　"Never let the other person know his inner love."

　　It was only after I became a father that I gradually understood my father, who I had never understood before, and I became more tolerant of my father. But my father is depressed now, and he is clamoring to go to a nursing home, which makes me very sad.

　　When I was young, I always thought that my father was nothing, and even looked down on him, thinking that he had worked all his life and had never made it. It was not until I was middle-aged and had the burden of life that I slowly accepted my ordinary father. I began to ask for his advice on things I had never discussed with him before.

　　A few years ago, my mother died of illness, and my 75-year-old father was like a different person, always losing his temper with his family. When he is alone at home, he drinks to relieve boredom, and he doesn’t drink much. When he drinks a little, he gets drunk, and when he is drunk, he swears everywhere.

　　Last month, my father went to Guangzhou Friendship Apartment for the Aged to see a friend. He saw many old people playing mahjong together, talking and laughing. When he got home, he told me that he would move in. I didn’t agree at first, but when I persuaded him, he got angry and had a "cold war" with our family. Finally, I had to give in and send him to an apartment for the elderly.

　　On the way to send my father to the nursing home, I remembered that when I was still at school, my father sent me to live on campus, and my heart was very unpleasant. I know that my father has always loved us, and we certainly love him. However, we never seem to let each other know this.

　　No matter how busy you are, there must be room for family ties.

　　In the interview, the reporter found that the childhood of children is the golden period of close communication with their fathers. Children at this stage, both men and women, worship and are close to their fathers; The period when the relationship with the father "deteriorates" is the child’s adolescence. At this stage, the children who enter the rebellious period turn from worship to disappointment, and because the father’s discipline of the children is relatively strict than that of the childhood, many children will even have resentment, especially the adolescent son is more likely to "turn against" his father; What is intriguing is that when children are adults, especially when they are parents themselves, their relationship with their fathers will mostly "warm up", and they will gradually understand the hardships and hardships of being parents. When they are in middle age, when they also encounter their children’s adolescence and career setbacks, they will understand their fathers’ feelings in those years and will tolerate and even protect their elderly fathers.

　　Li Ben, an associate researcher at the Provincial Academy of Social Sciences, said that in fact, there is also a "magnetic field" between father and child. "No matter how busy you are, you must leave room for your family." Li said that a warm home can increase a person’s happiness.

　　Son, I want to tell you

　　I hope you always stare at your mobile phone on the phone.

　　Zuo Haoming is 34 years old and the daughter of a company employee is 5 years old.

　　Education is too utilitarian and forgets the communication of the heart.

　　Man is really a strange animal. When your daughter is still in your wife’s belly, what you expect every day is that she can be born healthily and safely. Once your daughter is born smoothly, your biggest concern is that she is smarter than others. As soon as my daughter was full moon, I held her all over the community to play: watch the sunrise and sunset, count the stars to distinguish the moon, divide it into east, west, north and south, climb Baiyun Mountain in heavy rain, swim in the open-air swimming pool against the north wind, and even borrow a fallen leaf and a hydrogen balloon to make up stories for my daughter …

　　As my daughter grew up, I found that the magic of "education" diminished, and my daughter even refused to play with me. Because she doesn’t think it’s fun to be with me. I gradually realized that what my daughter wants most is for me to play and be crazy with her. I pay too much attention to "education" but forget the importance of communication. What is the difference between this and my parents? Looks like I’m not immune either.

　　Wen Tianpeng (pseudonym as required) 46-year-old civil servant’s son is 16 years old.

　　Beat him and scold him, but my heart ached.

　　In fact, in the process of raising my son, I worked as hard as his mother. When my son was a child, I was omnipotent in his mind, and he adored me.

　　My position in my son’s heart has been shaken since he was in the second day of junior high school. He laughed at me for being old-fashioned and complained that I was useless, saying that his classmate’s father had been promoted to director, and I was still a small chief clerk. He surfed the Internet, played truant and fought. I asked him why, but I wouldn’t understand what he said. Maybe too many things go wrong, and my temper is getting worse and worse. Isn’t it true that menopausal fathers are often incompatible with their adolescent sons? We are now. I often scold him, and sometimes I can’t help hitting him. He is also stubborn. He was scolded and went his own way. Looking at his wronged and hateful eyes, my heart ached.

　　Xie Zhiping 75-year-old retiree’s eldest son is 45 years old.

　　I just want to hear my son’s voice.

　　In the past, I was the secretary of the Party Committee in the factory, and I was an "authority" whether in the factory or at home. At that time, because of my busy work, I had little communication with my three sons, so I asked my wife to tell them everything.

　　Things changed from the year I retired. At that time, the two sons had formed a family, and the younger son got married and moved away in the third year of my retirement. I feel empty. A few years later, my wife passed away. Now only on holidays will my children and grandchildren come to see me. I used to be tough, but now I am extremely dependent on my son. If the faucet is broken, I will call my son to fix it. Even if I want to change my hairstyle, I will ask one by one. Actually, I just want to see them and hear their voices. I often stare at my mobile phone in a daze. Sometimes, when my son calls, I am happier than the holidays.

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