Summer has come in Fuzhou. With the temperature rising and catching up with the rainy season, mosquitoes are becoming more and more rampant. May-November is the epidemic season of dengue fever in China every year, so we should always be vigilant. Dengue fever can be prevented and controlled, and the key lies in prevention. So what is dengue fever? Let’s get to know it together ~

01

dengue

　　Dengue fever (DF) is an acute insect-borne infectious disease caused by dengue virus. It is also called "bone fracture fever" because of its severe pain, and it belongs to Class B legal infectious disease in China. The high incidence season of dengue fever is summer and autumn, which generally increases gradually from May, and the peak period is from August to October. The incubation period is 3-15 days, usually 5-8 days, and the whole population is generally susceptible.

Dengue fever does not spread from person to person!

　　Dengue virus is mainly transmitted to humans through the bite of female Aedes aegypti (mainly Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus) carrying the virus, and generally does not spread directly from person to person. The perennial monitoring found that there was a vector of dengue fever in Fuzhou — — Aedes albopictus

02

clinical symptoms

　　[Sudden high fever] The body temperature rises to 39℃ ~ 40℃ within a day or two, and it often lasts for a week.

　　【 "Body Pain 】 I feel headache, eye socket pain, muscle joint and bone pain, and the whole person feels very tired.

　　["Redness"] The skin on the face, neck, chest and limbs is red, which seems to be "drunk", and even conjunctival congestion and superficial lymphadenopathy appear.

　　★ The incubation period of dengue fever is generally 3 ~ 15 days, and most of them are 5 ~ 8 days. Patients and recessive infected people are the main sources of infection. Patients are contagious from 1 day before onset to 5 days after onset.

　　★ After some people are infected with dengue virus, the virus exists in the blood but does not get sick, that is, recessive infection, but it can also transmit the virus to others through Aedes mosquitoes.

Special reminder

　　The symptoms of dengue fever are similar to those of colds and flu. Pay attention to the following three differences:

　　1. The fever caused by dengue fever is generally "high fever", and the body temperature can often reach 39℃ or even 40℃.

　　2. In addition to fever, patients with dengue fever are often accompanied by bone pain, headache, muscle pain, rash, bleeding spots, and some patients may also have gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea and stomachache.

　　Besides fever, the symptoms caused by cold are often accompanied by symptoms such as stuffy nose, runny nose and cough.

　　If you have a history of living abroad or have fever or rash after returning to Rongrong in areas with epidemic situation in China, please be sure to go to a medical institution with a fever clinic (consultation room) as soon as possible, and actively inform the medical staff of mosquito bites or the history of living abroad in the past two weeks, and never take medicine by yourself or see a doctor in a small clinic.

03

What should I do if I am infected with dengue fever?

　　If you are accidentally infected with dengue virus, don’t be too alarmed. Dengue fever patients generally have a good prognosis, and can basically recover after timely treatment, but there are also reports of a few serious cases of death, so please take scientific precautions. Dengue fever patients should pay attention to the following points:

　　Pay attention to rest.

　　Use acetaminophen (such as paracetamol) to treat pain, and avoid using non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (such as ibuprofen and aspirin).

　　When staying at home or in hospital, do a good job in mosquito isolation, including using mosquito nets and screen doors, wearing long-sleeved clothes, spraying mosquito repellent and other measures to reduce unnecessary outdoor activities.

　　If you find any serious symptoms, please contact a doctor as soon as possible!

　　The mortality rate of typical dengue fever is less than 1%, but if it is not treated in time, it will become severe and the mortality rate will exceed 20%.

　　Therefore, no matter the severity of the illness, seek medical advice in time! Seek medical attention in time! Seek medical attention in time! Is the best way to deal with it

04

How to prevent dengue fever?

　　At present, there is no approved and registered vaccine for dengue fever, and there is no specific antiviral drug. Mosquito control is the key to prevent dengue fever.

　　(1) Environmental governance

　　Clean up all kinds of stagnant water at home. Water bottles should be changed for aquatic plants every 5-7 days, and no stagnant water should be left on the flowerpot chassis. The terrace outside the building, outdoor potholes, tree holes, bamboo tubes and other accumulated water, should be regularly dredged, leveled and filled with potholes, rummaged pots and cans, and cleaned up waste tires and other measures. For stagnant water that cannot be removed for a long time, a corrosion inhibitor can be put in to kill larvae.

　　(2) Physical prevention and control

　　Use light, sound, electricity and other physical methods to kill, trap or drive away mosquitoes, such as optical traps and electric mosquito swatter.

　　(3) Chemical control

　　Use mosquito-repellent incense, repellent, aerosol insecticide and other commonly used chemicals to kill and repel mosquitoes.

　　(4) Biological control

　　Ornamental fish are stocked in ponds and lotus tanks, carp and grass carp are stocked in paddy fields and irrigation ditches, and mosquito larvae are eliminated by stocking fish.

　　(5) Personal protection

　　During the epidemic season in dengue endemic areas, screen doors and screens should be installed indoors, and mosquito nets should be used when sleeping. Try to minimize going out during the peak hours of mosquito activities. When going out, such as going to parks, green belts and other places, you should wear long-sleeved clothes and trousers, and apply mosquito repellent drugs to exposed skin and clothes. You should also avoid staying too long in places with more outdoor mosquitoes such as shade, grass and gazebo. Avoid traveling to Southeast Asia, Africa, America and other regions during the period of high incidence of mosquito-borne infectious diseases.

Language is an important tool for human beings to express their communication and thinking. Language reflects people’s thoughts, and people use language to communicate, express and create. The daily language used by human beings is called natural language, which includes vocabulary, pronunciation, semantics and grammar. The language used for machine programming is called computer language, which consists of numbers, characters and grammatical rules. Human natural languages are in different languages and belong to different language families, and computer languages are also divided into various categories according to different writing rules. Language intelligence, the ability of people to communicate and think in writing through language dialogue, is regarded as an aspect of human intelligence. In contrast, a machine (computer) has the ability to recognize computer language, run programs and perform operations, and computer language can be regarded as a language inherent in the machine. If the computer can understand the natural language as a "foreign language", realize the translation of natural language, understand and execute people’s commands, and even talk to people, can it be considered that the computer has language intelligence similar to that of people? This paper will answer this question.

Definition of natural language and computer language

The language used in human daily life is called natural language. Humans use language to express ideas, communicate and describe objects. As a carrier, language carries the connotation of words. Many languages of human beings belong to different language families, but languages can correspond and translate with each other. Every language is a system including vocabulary, grammar and pronunciation, in which vocabulary is used to express itself according to grammatical rules. As the philosopher and linguist Chomsky said in Language and Mind, "People who know a certain language have mastered a set of rules system, which assigns sounds and meanings to countless possible sentences in a certain way." However, individuals who use natural language may not be aware of the rules and connotations of this language system: "People who know the language are not aware that they have mastered these rules or are using them, and there is no reason to assume that this knowledge of language rules can be brought into consciousness."

The acquisition of natural language is based on life and social interaction. The process for children to master a language is to get in touch with words and sentences through a large number of dialogues, acquire sentence models in conversations and chats, and then master grammar. It can be seen that the learning of natural language is from semantics to grammar. Therefore, some scholars discuss language acquisition from the standpoint of human language talent theory. For example, Chomsky thinks that there is a natural universal grammar in the human brain, which exists in a place called language acquisition device. He tried to explain the relationship between language research and human nature, and thought that language reflected the process of human mind and determined all aspects of ideological characteristics and development.

From the perspective of language system, natural language is both stable and changeable. On the premise that a language exists, its vocabulary and basic grammar are stable. At the same time, the language is constantly updated, derived and developed due to the changes of the times and environment during its inheritance and use.

Computer language refers to the language that uses numbers and characters to write programs according to the prescribed grammatical rules, so that computers can do all kinds of work. It includes machine language, assembly language, high-level language and so on. In different ways of thinking about programming and programming models, statements composed of characters and grammatical rules perform operations according to instructions. The original intention of computer language design is to enable people to better control and operate computers. At present, every action and step made by all computers are carried out according to the program compiled by computer language. The operation of a computer is a process of accepting input, matching objects and outputting answers. In the execution operation, the calculator must first understand the input commands of people, and translate the natural language. The source code of the application program is translated into the target code machine language by the interpreter of the corresponding language, and then the compilation operation is carried out to translate the program source code into the target code machine language.

It can be said that computer language is the medium of man-machine dialogue. Computer language can recognize and translate natural language, perform operations and output results in its construction, and the translation process is the key to man-machine cooperation and even man-machine dialogue. The machine can only continue to perform operations after understanding the commands input by human beings. Before the emergence of intelligent machines, people’s input instructions to machines were single, but today’s intelligent machines have gradually tried to understand people’s commands through voice and image recognition. At present, this ability mainly depends on corpus analysis, enhanced matching search and deep learning.

If the vocabulary of natural language is regarded as a set of symbols and its grammar is regarded as the rules for the use of symbols, then computer language is also the use of symbols and rules. The encoding and decoding of computer input and output, as well as the operation in human-computer interaction, are also similar to the process of using language to listen, read, write and communicate with people. In this sense, computer language seems to be the natural language of computers. If the computer is truly intelligent, then in its view, human natural language can be regarded as a foreign language. But can computers be intelligent?

To compare natural language with computer language, an important perspective is to distinguish the internal logic of natural language and computer language from their logical systems. Logic is an important connotation of language, and the logical structure and grammatical system of a language are the root causes that distinguish it from other languages and languages.

Logic in Natural Language and Computer Language

In the use of natural language, ambiguity and ambiguity are inevitable, and there are misunderstandings and deviations in translation between languages. Scholars want to solve the ambiguity and ambiguity of words in expression and find the common deep structure in human language, so they invented formal language by using mathematical methods for reference. The original intention of formal language is that people want to make logic have a set of universal symbols like mathematics, so as to try to establish a universal and unambiguous language. Through this language, all thinking and reasoning can be transformed into calculus and become as accurate as mathematics. Logicians try to accurately describe the world described by natural language with formal systems and symbols, so as to make more accurate reasoning, analysis and judgment. Therefore, in the study of logical language, it also includes the study of natural language generative grammar.

Natural language can be regarded as a symbol system, in which words are symbols to express ideas under the cultural background. However, the logic in natural language is not only grammatical structure, but also semantic. The ambiguity and vagueness of some words in our daily expression are difficult to judge in grammar, but they can be simply solved by context and the introduction of context. Wittgenstein thinks that natural language is used to express objects, the meaning of a proposition or sentence comes from its real object, and the process of learning language is to master the relationship between words and objects. We can’t get meaning from a single word, but through association and activity, so natural language has meaning under certain environment and specific rules of the game.

Therefore, the logic of natural language has one more dimension than that of formal language. Natural language is a part of human mind, and the logic contained in words is the unique logical ability of human mind. As Wittgenstein pointed out, a single vocabulary and grammatical structure cannot convey complete meaning. The acquisition of natural language can’t be achieved only by learning the logical structure of language. Therefore, mind is an important concept in the acquisition of natural language.

The computer language used by the machine is also a formal language. It is the language that people first gave to the machine and became the pre-existing language in it. When computers understand and execute human commands, they need to translate natural languages into computer languages that can be understood by machines, and then carry out program operations. Formal description of natural language is very important for mechanical imitation of computer programs, but understanding imitation is different from mechanical imitation. Mechanical imitation involves formal nature, while comprehension imitation involves quasi-semantic nature. At present, computers are mainly based on mechanical imitation and talk to people’s natural language through logical language. Therefore, although the processing of natural language by computer can be regarded as a kind of translation, at present, this kind of translation is different from the mutual translation between two languages in natural language.

In the process of disambiguation, computers need a lot of knowledge, including linguistic knowledge (morphology, syntax, semantics, context, etc.) and common sense cognition about the world. This has also caused two main difficulties in natural language processing at present. Measuring computer language from the perspective of natural language is highly formalized, which makes its ability to describe context limited, and it cannot convey multi-layer information like natural language. Therefore, although formal language has advantages in accuracy, its contextual shaping ability and expressive power are inevitably weaker than natural language. In the understanding of natural language, it is difficult for formal language to fully describe how lexical devices are related to syntactic structures, thus forming the meaning of sentences, which is also an important reason for errors in computer recognition of natural language. Of course, with the development of corpus construction and corpus linguistics, the rationalism method based on syntactic-semantic rules, which was mainly used by computers in dealing with natural languages, has taken a back seat. Nowadays, the natural language processing technology has introduced statistical mathematics methods, and gradually reduced errors with the support of matching search and automatic learning methods.

Cognitive science holds that thinking and cognition are logical operations of knowledge, while computerized natural language analysis mainly depends on the expression of logical language. From the perspective of behaviorism, if the machine has a computer language, and it is constantly strengthened and more accurate in the operation execution and use the day after tomorrow, it is a kind of acquisition and consolidation. In this sense, computer language seems to be its natural language for computers. However, although natural language and computer language each contain many kinds, the reasons for their diversity are different. Different from the differences of history, culture and region, computer language is developed for different needs when writing programs. Therefore, the connotation of natural language and computer language is different. Fundamentally speaking, the mind embodied by natural language is different from that expressed by computer language.

Natural language and mind

If natural language is the tool of human expression and the medium of thinking, then the relationship between natural language and mind is inseparable. To a certain extent, people’s ability to use language is one of the manifestations of mental ability. Mind is different from intelligence. Mind is a part of intelligence, which refers to people’s abilities of perception, feeling, memory, learning, understanding and innovation.

Mental ability includes the understanding of natural language. When using natural language in daily life, we can get the pronunciation, image and connotation of the described object at the same time. In our daily life, whenever we hear someone describe something or see someone pointing to an object, we will remember what this thing is called and say the same words when we refer to that thing again in the future. We can also experience all kinds of emotions and feelings in the sentence from other people’s voices, movements, expressions and eyes, as well as body movements, tones and tones. That is to say, in natural language, the meaning of words is not limited to the meaning of a single word, but also includes the appearance of the referent, pronunciation, the intention of the narrator and the context at that time. The meanings of natural language are fully embodied in social communication and dialogue. A comprehensive grasp of these meanings requires mental ability, and vice versa. As Chomsky said: the surface rule of words forming sentences is grammar, but the real meaning of sentences is reflected in the deep structure. The deep structure is related to the surface structure through some mental operations. In other words, the connection between all words, sounds and meanings of natural language is based on the grammatical structure on the basis of mind.

Furthermore, the study of natural language is also a reflection of mental ability. Psychologists represented by Chomsky believe that language and grammatical structure are the essence and characteristics of human mind. No matter how different language users are in individual experience and ability, they will complete the task of constructing language theory system in a very similar way. We are endowed with cognitive structure and language ability in our minds, and gradually strengthen our grasp of grammar rules in the application of acquired knowledge. "On a basic level, we humans are not learning languages. The real situation is that languages grow up in our minds."

Different from Chomsky, Quine’s language theory is based on empiricism and behaviorism. He opposes both the thorough empiricism reductionism and the pure transcendental knowledge. He believes that the reason why language can express meaning depends on the acquisition of behavior, and people’s mental ability embodied in language behavior is gradually acquired. The mental ability to master and use a language is acquired and can be strengthened through training. In Quine’s view, our ability to master language comes from public knowledge, which is a kind of inheritance of human common experience and knowledge background, rather than a priori existence: "Even if we want to talk about a unique quality of sensory awareness, most of us have to turn to public objects, the color of oranges, the taste of rotten eggs, and so on. To continuously access the previous sensory data, it also depends on the reference object. Of course, we should explore the sensory awareness and sensory stimulation behind the daily discourse about objects, but these are the background of concept formation or language, not their underlying structure. "

According to Chomsky’s theory, the initial inner nature that we give to an intelligent computer can be counted as its innate "mind", of course, such a mind is given by people and is incomplete. According to Quine’s theory, under the premise of being constructed, the computer has acquired the knowledge background and can continuously strengthen its language ability in learning, which seems to mean that it is possible to obtain real intelligence in intensive learning, including the same level of language intelligence as people.

Machine language and mind

In the famous Turing test of artificial intelligence, if a person can have a long enough conversation with a machine, if the interlocutor can’t tell whether the answer comes from a machine or a person, then it is judged that the machine is intelligent. It can be seen that the main ability of Turing’s intelligent computer is the ability to understand and use language. The test defines the intelligence of the machine as several aspects: the machine should be able to answer the questions of input text; Be able to explain the meaning of words; Able to understand sentences composed of words; Be able to translate one language into another. Language ability is an important criterion to judge whether a computer has intelligence. It can even be said that from the mechanism of Turing test, language ability can be equated with intelligence.

If intelligence must master language ability, as mentioned above, although the natural language used by human beings has vague and ambiguous contents, its expressive power is indeed stronger than that of formal language. If a computer wants to have real intelligence, it must have the ability to understand natural language in different contexts. However, this ability is almost impossible in the existing technology. Dreyfus mentioned in What Computers Can’t Do that one of the difficult problems for machines to acquire intelligence is to solve the ambiguity in language. Although there is now the support of enhanced matching search and big data, the ambiguity problem of natural language has been partially solved on the surface. However, if we can really understand and use a language by referring to the way we use natural language, we need to master the necessary reasoning rules (including expert knowledge reasoning and common sense reasoning), but also have the ability to understand and comprehend the context. With this ability, you can be considered to have a mind and intelligence.

When discussing machine intelligence and mind, many researchers hope to get inspiration from the generation and structure of human intelligence. From simple development to complex thinking, human intelligence seems to have rules to follow, but if you consider it carefully, even the simplest and most elementary intelligence involves the cooperation of millions of brain cells and muscle cells on a large scale. These simple behaviors are embedded with too much intelligence, which are deep mental abilities that are not realized in daily speech and behavior. Language intelligence, as one of them, if we consider the source of language mechanism and its role in the sudden qualitative change of human intelligence, at least two basic problems will appear: first, the core semantic content of the smallest meaningful element, including the simplest element. Second, the principle of allowing unlimited combinations of symbols. If we want to analyze the physiological structure and logical structure produced by human mind step by step, we will try to endow the machine with mind by imitating this structure. It is bound to face two dilemmas: first, the human brain is a black box that cannot be completely mastered; Second, the mind, as a non-physical but real existence, is an elusive existence for technology.

From the standpoint of mentalism, it is impossible for a computer to have the same mental ability as human beings, although it can acquire more sophisticated and accurate natural language processing technology with the development of technology, and it can understand all instructions of natural language in operation and execution. From the standpoint of behaviorism, if a machine has the same language ability as human beings and can understand and express natural language, it seems that it can be considered as a machine with mind. However, the inevitable problems in the transformation between natural language and formal language also indicate that imitation based on behaviorism cannot be exactly the same as human beings.

conclusion

With the development of technology, the number of natural language texts that can be processed by computers has been increasing. Under the application requirements of text mining, information extraction, cross-language information processing, human-computer interaction and so on, the research on computer natural language processing is also advancing. However, natural language is directional and logical in description and expression, and conveys and carries culture. This means that natural language is not only a combination of some words and symbols, but also different from formal language. Although natural language is also used under certain logical grammar and has the functions of communication, exchange, expression and creation, it also has cultural attributes. The acquisition of a language not only includes the use of words and grammatical rules, but also includes the understanding and recognition of a culture. At this level, no matter how much the existing intelligent machines deal with natural languages, they have not yet possessed real intelligence. Therefore, we can take the normal use of language as extremely clear empirical evidence to prove that other creatures have the same mind as us, but not as discriminatory evidence of the source of mind and human ability.

Descartes said that "language is the core symbol of human thinking", which means that language ability and human thinking ability are inseparable and language ability is the representation of human mind. He also pointed out that two important abilities of human mind, understanding and will, cannot be realized by machines (automata). Because the mind has no substance, it is impossible for automata to create the mind by imitating the surface structure anyway. Descartes’ prediction is still correct today, although it lacks the integrity of argument. The use, expression and creation of language is an important content of human intelligence. If the intelligent machine in the future will have the same or even stronger intelligence as human beings, then it must have the same understanding and application ability as human language ability. This can’t be done at the existing computer language level. As for whether machines can learn "foreign languages" by new breakthrough technologies in the future, that is another question.

References:

Dreyfus. What Computers Can’t Do: The Limits of Artificial Intelligence [M]. Joint Publishing Company, 1986.

Noam Chomsky. Language and Mind [M]. Renmin University of China Press, 2015.

Selected Works of Noam Chomsky Chomsky’s Philosophy of Language [M]. The Commercial Press, 1992.

Noam Chomsky. Some Problems of Syntactic Theory [M]. China Social Sciences Press, 1986.

Quine. Words and Objects [M]. Renmin University of China Press, 2012.

Wittgenstein. Philosophical Studies [M]. The Commercial Press, 2000.

Frege. Selected Works of Frege’s Philosophy [M]. The Commercial Press, 2006.

　　CCTV News:Smuggled goods are commonly called parallel imports by consumers. Customs anti-smuggling personnel said that the purchase of smuggled watches has the risk of safeguarding rights, and if the amount involved is large, it will also bear corresponding legal responsibilities.

　　In recent years, with the increase of people leaving the country, some people will also buy watches for their own use or bring them to relatives and friends abroad. If you buy watches abroad, you should declare them to the customs in accordance with state regulations when you enter the country. Watches with a price below 5,000 yuan are not subject to tax, and those with a price between 5,000 yuan and 10,000 yuan should pay 30% postal tax, and the tax rate above 10,000 yuan is 60%.

　　Zhou Peng, Chief of Anti-smuggling Section of Post Office of Nanjing Customs Anti-smuggling Bureau Jinling Branch.: "If you don’t declare, if you bring one or two watches and evade taxes of less than 100,000 yuan, you will be subject to administrative punishment by the customs. Once you bring more watches and evade taxes of more than 100,000 yuan, you will be suspected of smuggling ordinary goods and articles and a fine of 1 to 5 times of tax evasion."

　　Then, if domestic consumers buy watches for the sake of being cheap and knowing that they are smuggled, do they also have to bear corresponding legal responsibilities?

　　Wu Weimin, Director of Investigation Department of Anti-smuggling Bureau of Hangzhou Customs.: "If consumers know that they are smuggling watches, it also constitutes the crime of smuggling. If tax-related individuals buy more than 100,000 and units buy more than 200,000, they must be investigated for criminal responsibility."

　　Si Bo, Chief of Investigation Department of Tianjin Customs Anti-smuggling Bureau: "The purchase of smuggled watches has a great impact on consumers, such as the warranty and later maintenance of watches."

　　Therefore, customs officers suggest that consumers must buy imported high-end watches from regular shops and channels in order to protect their legitimate rights and interests.

Poster of the Chinese version of the movie Fireworks

　

Special feature of 1905 film network Summer, swimming pool, bathrobe, fireworks, secret admirer … … All the beautiful things in the world seem to have stayed on that day.

　

On December 1st, an animated film adapted from Shunji Iwai’s work of the same name was opened in the mainland, and it only took 27.9619 million box office in one day. Although it still lags behind the one produced by Dongbao, it is still the best among Japanese animated films released this year compared with "Sword of God".

　

Story | Start with fireworks and end with fireworks.

　

This story begins with a question of teenagers: When viewed from the side, are fireworks round or flat? The two sides with different views argued, and finally they decided to go to the lighthouse at the fireworks meeting that night to find out.

　

Girls with different growth rates always have different worries from boys. Disgusted by her mother’s remarriage and about to transfer to another school, Cai Jinnai lay by the pool with her eyes closed.

　

Come to the swimming pool to be the official on duty. You Jie decided to compete in swimming and asked her to be the referee. Unexpectedly, Dian Dao hurt his foot in the game and lost the game. What he didn’t know was that his unrequited love for Cai Jinnai invited the winner Suksuke to watch the fireworks together in the evening.

　

However, you Jie, who is proud and shy, stood Cai Jinnai up for an agreement with his friends. Disappointed Cai Jinnai admitted that she had made up her mind to invite the winner of the two to watch the fireworks together. It’s just that Cai Jinnai thought Canon would win, and originally wanted to invite Canon. Her elopement plan also fell through in her mother’s obstruction.

　

The Taoist priest who witnessed all this suddenly thought: If he had won at that time, would the outcome be different? So, Canon road back to before the game.

　

This time he won, and Cai Jinnai invited him naturally, and then the boy and the girl embarked on an "elopement" trip with the ultimate goal of watching fireworks.

　

Theme | Why "Fireworks"?

　

Japanese writer Kotaro Isaka wrote in the book: "The primitive carefree feeling brought by fireworks washed away the fatigue and meaningless persistence of people in the place, and made everyone return to the most innocent childhood."

　

Stills of the movie "Golden Dream"

　

Fireworks are of special significance to the Japanese, but for young boys and girls, it is definitely the most important event at that age to meet with the people you like to watch fireworks together. At the moment when the fireworks are lit, time is like solidification. You can only see the dazzling fireworks overhead, and you can only think about the person around you at this moment.

　

Animated version of "Fireworks" Cai Jinnai and Diandao watch fireworks together.

　

Jinnai, a Chinese dish in the animated version, achieved something that was never done in the live-action version: watching fireworks with Canon Road. Then she said, "It doesn’t matter whether the fireworks are round or flat, as long as they are with Dian Daojun." Although the two versions have their own treatment on whether they watched the fireworks together, doesn’t this sentence in the animated version echo the "wherever you like" said by Cai Jinnai, who chose not to watch the fireworks in the live-action version?

　

The live-action version of "Fireworks" dish Jinnai doesn’t care about watching fireworks, just wants to be with Canon Road.

　

As Cai Jinnai said, whether the fireworks are round or flat is no longer important, nor is it important to watch the fireworks, because the fireworks themselves are just a cover. Through this cover, the teenagers frankly shouted out the names of the people they secretly loved, and the ignorant teenagers and precocious girls finally reached a spiritual interweaving and resonance.

　

You Jie, who has a crush on you, feels depressed after seeing Diandao "escape" with the girl, and expresses his feelings to the sky. The infected boys shout out the names of the people they like.

　

Creation | Shunji Iwai and the Tragic Aesthetics in Fireworks

　

The animated version of Fireworks is directed by animation director Akiyuki Shinbo (Story Series, Lion in March) and directed by Hitoshi Ohne (), and is based on Shunji Iwai’s original work.

　

The film can be said to be the ultimate work of Shunji Iwai’s tragic aesthetic view.

　

If you were to talk about the style of Shunji Iwai’s works, how would you describe it? Beautiful, pure, cruel and sad … … Then these are summed up in Japanese traditional aesthetics, which is probably "the beauty of mourning." Shunji Iwai’s aesthetic feeling of mourning for things first appeared in the TV short film Fireworks, and it was continued in the animated version.

　

The film has always been Shunji Iwai’s gentle and delicate.

See food jin nai was taken away, Canon heart very regret.

　

A slow motion used to depict the inner emotional changes of boys,

The silhouette of teenagers reflects Cai Jinnai’s concern for canon.

　

The profile shows that the girl secretly observes the reflection and silhouette of the boy in the water.

　

The train bound for the seaside gives a sense of unreality.

　

Explain the scene change, render the empty shot of the atmosphere,

　

Canon peeks at food, Jinnai.

　

The close-up of the subtle expressions of the protagonists, these shooting techniques together constitute the inner world of the protagonists, which also depicts the youthful and ignorant love between boys and girls.

　

Canon changed the past four times, creating parallel time and space.

　

In the story, Akiyuki Shinbo expanded the two endings in Shunji Iwai’s original work, which were divided into "winning or losing the swimming competition", and the regretful hero changed the past four times. The director painted the textured pictures and the strange shapes of fireworks with pencils, so that the audience and the hero and heroine in the story can know that their world is not the real world, but the parallel time and space created by boys.

　

Parallel worlds, like fireworks, will eventually turn into nothingness after a short period of beauty. In reality, Canon Road and Caijinnai have never had such an intersection, and will soon separate the two places, but their hearts will be filled with such a common memory.

　

Fireworks will fade away, youth will grow old, and when everything is gone, only the memory of you by my side will last forever.

The richness of the configuration is closely linked to the cost performance of a car, and many people have mentioned it. Let’s take a look at it next.

Let’s take a look at the appearance of Hyun Jie. The whole front of Hyun Jie looks very solid and sporty. Coupled with the headlights of fashion sports, the overall look has a certain sense of hierarchy. The car is equipped with LED daytime running lights, delayed shutdown and so on. Coming to the side of the car body, the size of the car body is 4420 mm * 1831 mm * 1653 mm. The car adopts dynamic lines, and the side wall presents a simple and fashionable design style. With large-sized thick-walled tires, it looks full of sports. In the design of the rear of the car, the rear and the front of the car echo each other from a distance, and the taillights look very spiritual. Overall, they are quite fierce.

Sitting in the car, the interior adopts elegant design, and the visual effect is quite unique. The steering wheel of the car is very hard-core and made of imitation leather, which gives people an impulse to control it. From the central control point of view, with the 10.25-inch touch-sensitive LCD central control panel, the interior style is impressive and looks sharp. Finally, let’s take a look at the dashboard and seats. The dashboard design is remarkable and the display effect is excellent. The car adopts imitation leather seats, which are wide and thick and comfortable.

Hyun Jie is matched with CVT gearbox, with the maximum power of 85KW and the maximum torque of 143N.m, and the power performance is good.

Equipped with rear wiper, traction control (ASR/TCS, etc.), support for CarLife, Bluetooth /WIFI connection, sun visor mirror and other configurations, it has rich functions and greatly improves its convenience.

OK！ Next, let’s sum up. The model class introduced today is the most considered class when many people buy their first car, mainly because the size of this class is moderate and the price is reasonable.

Tencent Video launched the costume idol drama "Try the World" adapted from the novel of the same name of Leng Leng Yue. This drama tells the story of Feng Lanxi and Bai Fengxi, two prominent figures, who have experienced all kinds of love and worked hand in hand to travel around the world.

The play met the audience at 8 pm when it premiered, and eight episodes were released in one breath. If you do a little math, you will find that if anyone watches these eight episodes continuously at night, they will have to stay up until two o’clock in the middle of the night. But even so, on this working night, the broadcast volume of this drama is rising rapidly, ranking third only to "Like an old friend returning" and "Happy Birthday" which have been broadcast for a long time. It may also be based on this that many entertainment bloggers come out to squat down a feedback post to see what everyone’s attitude is.

Under the comments of many feedback posts, there are mainly two voices. The first one, of course, came from fans. They said it well, indicating that the play of this drama was particularly brilliant, with the texture of S+. It cost money at first glance and the moves were carefully designed. Then there is the look at the face. Yang Yang is really handsome in ancient costume, and Zhao Lusi’s crying drama can stand the test.

Another kind of voice, of course, is against this and expresses great dissatisfaction with it. The plot is boring, and it is easy to hypnotize people when they fall asleep. Once again, the voice actor who was familiar to the audience was used. As soon as Bian Jiang spoke, everyone jumped into the play in an instant, and all the classic lines in his mind were, for example, "Zhao Mosheng, what do you owe me?" Anyway, the two forces hold their own words, and they are arguing with each other, and they will meet each other at once.

The feedback on the first day of the premiere was so raging, I think there are the following reasons.

The first reason, which is also the most attractive to many people, is the two leading roles.

Yang Yang, the leading actor, returned to the costume idol drama market this time, with the attitude of absolutely washing away his greasy image in the movie version of to the sky kingdom! Presumably, many netizens still remember the animation of Yang Yang’s "dumping Lamian Noodles" in the movie. Once upon a time, Yang Yang, who was a beautiful son like jade in everyone’s mind, was stepped on by everyone at that time, and everyone had to send him a sentence: "Thank you, there was oil."

After this movie, Yang Yang’s career can be said to have suffered from Waterloo. Bking, greasy and full of negative adjectives are superimposed on him, which makes fans feel bad, fearing that fans will simply lose. Therefore, Yang Yang needs a drama that can prove that he is a really beautiful man rather than a greasy man.

Zhao Lusi, who plays the heroine, is playing the heroine of an S-level costume drama for the first time, which means drawing a line with the image of Xiao Tianmei who has been playing in online dramas before. Once upon a time, she was laughed at by everyone as an online drama cafe. Now, she wants to present different works to everyone. Then, whether she can hold the S-class stably or not, and whether she can control other roles except Xiao Tianmei, the first performance is very important.

The two leading actors in this drama have a little special significance, and they are anxious to let people see themselves differently, which is why everyone wants to seize the high ground of public opinion on the first broadcast day.

The second reason is to look around the recent market.

As mentioned above, the first night of the show was second only to "Like the ancients returning" and "Happy Birthday", but second only to or second only to. The stars of these two dramas are Ren Jialun, who is now broadcasting two dramas at the same time, Dilraba, who is a former CP with Yang Yang, and Zheng Yecheng and Crystal, who are on the rise. All of them are rivals, and no one can be underestimated. At ordinary times, these people have certain competition, and this time is of course even worse. To take a step back, even though there are many differences between these dramas, in the final analysis, they are all idol dramas, and the positioning of several actors is also small flowers, so conflicts are inevitable. As far as the current performance level of domestic dramas is concerned, it is impossible for every drama to be so good that everyone can’t give up. One drama attracts an audience, and another drama will lose an audience.

Finally, because of a historical law, it is difficult for a drama to open low and go high. Most dramas are based on the principle that the first move is the strongest, focusing on the early stage.

There are no dramas that write low and walk high, or even many people, but have you seen any dramas that open low and walk high and finally burst? No. Only a high opening can explode, and some good dramas lost their opportunities in the first episode or two or because of filter clips and other negative news. Although it was finally countered because its content was excellent enough, it has lost the opportunity to become a truly explosive drama.

However, an ordinary drama attracted most people’s attention as soon as it was broadcast, relying on intensive and strong announcements. Even if the follow-up motivation was insufficient, it had already framed a group of viewers. Who let some viewers not abandon the drama once they started to follow it?

Total assets per household in each province

　　How many assets do urban households in China have? How much debt is there? Is the household debt risk controllable? The latest investigation and study by the investigation and statistics department of the central bank gives the answer. On April 24th, WeChat official account, the official WeChat of China Finance magazine, published the research report "Survey on the Assets and Liabilities of Urban Households in China in 2019", which was written by the research group of the Survey and Statistics Department of the People’s Bank of China.

　　In the middle and late October of 2019, the research group of assets and liabilities of urban households of the Survey and Statistics Department of the People’s Bank of China conducted an assets and liabilities survey on more than 30,000 urban households in 30 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government). This is one of the most complete and detailed surveys on the assets and liabilities of urban residents in China.

　　According to the report, the three provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) with the highest household assets are Beijing, Shanghai and Jiangsu, among which the average household assets of Beijing residents are 8.928 million yuan.

　　Family assets are mainly real estate.

　　Every household has 1.5 suites.

　　According to the survey data, the average total assets of urban households is 3.179 million yuan, and the median is 1.63 million yuan. The difference between the mean and the median is 1.549 million yuan.

　　After deducting the assets from the liabilities, the net assets obtained can more truly reflect the wealth level of the households. According to the survey data, the average net worth of urban households in China is 2.89 million yuan. The median net worth of a family is 1.41 million yuan, which is 1.48 million yuan lower than the average.

　　In terms of economic regions, the eastern region is significantly higher than other regions. The average total assets of households in the eastern region are 4.61 million yuan, which are 1.975 million yuan, 2.534 million yuan and 2.96 million yuan higher than those in the central, western and northeastern regions respectively.

　　The survey shows that the household assets of urban residents in China are mainly physical assets, with an average of 2.53 million yuan, accounting for 80% of the total household assets.

　　Of the physical assets, 74.2% are housing assets, and the average household housing assets are 1.878 million yuan. The proportion of residents’ housing assets to total household assets is 59.1%.

　　The survey shows that the housing ownership rate of urban households in China is 96.0%, the proportion of households with one house is 58.4%, the proportion of households with two houses is 31.0%, the proportion of households with three or more houses is 10.5%, and the average household owns 1.5 houses. The overall housing ownership rate of American households is 63.7%, which is 32.3 percentage points lower than that of China.

　　The more houses owned by urban households, the lower the proportion of housing assets in their household assets. The proportion of housing assets in the total assets of a family with one house is 64.3%, that of a family with two houses is 62.7%, and that of a family with three or more houses is 51.0%. This is mainly because families with multiple properties are more inclined to diversify their assets after solving their basic housing needs.

　　Risk-free financial assets per household are 350,000 yuan.

　　The total debt per household is 512,000 yuan.

　　According to the survey, 99.7% of the families surveyed have financial assets, with an average financial asset of 649,000 yuan, accounting for 20.4% of the total family assets. Compared with the United States, the proportion of financial assets of urban households in China is low, which is 22.1 percentage points lower than that of the United States.

　　The families are sorted by financial assets and physical assets from low to high. The financial assets owned by the families with the highest 10% financial assets account for 58.3% of all sample families, while the assets owned by the families with the highest 10% physical assets account for 47.1%. It can be seen that the imbalance of financial assets is more significant.

　　The survey shows that the holding rate of risk-free financial assets in the surveyed families is 99.6%, and the average household is 352,000 yuan; The holding rate of risk financial assets is 59.6%, and the average household is 501,000 yuan. From the survey sample as a whole, the average household holds 350,000 yuan of risk-free financial assets, accounting for 53.9% of the total financial assets, which is higher than the risk-free financial assets.

　　In terms of household liabilities, the survey shows that the proportion of households with liabilities is 56.5%. In terms of regions, the household debt participation rate in Northeast China is the lowest, accounting for 42.1%; 57.9% in the east and 55.7% in the middle; The highest in the western region is 60.1%.

　　Among the indebted families, the total debt per household is 512,000 yuan. Among them, 53.8% households have a debt balance of less than 300,000 yuan, 35.6% households have a debt balance of 300,000 to 1 million yuan, and 10.5% households have a debt balance of more than 1 million yuan. The liabilities of urban households are mainly bank loans. Among households with debts, the average bank loan is 496,000 yuan, accounting for 96.8% of the total liabilities of households.

　　The proportion of liabilities outside the banking system is low, only 3.2%, of which the average household liabilities of private loans and Internet financial products loans are 12,000 yuan and 0.1 million yuan respectively, accounting for 2.4% and 0.2% of the total household liabilities respectively.

　　From the perspective of debt use, mortgage is the basic composition of household debt. Among the indebted households, 76.8% have housing loans, and the average household housing loan balance is 389,000 yuan, accounting for 75.9% of the total household liabilities.

　　analyse

　　The household debt risk is generally controllable.

　　The report pointed out that the asset-liability ratio of urban households is generally stable and their solvency is generally strong.

　　Overall, the asset-liability ratio of urban households in China is relatively low. The survey shows that the average asset-liability ratio of urban households in China is 9.1%, which is lower than that of the United States (12.1%). Among them, the average asset-liability ratio of indebted families is 14.8%, and the median is 15.8%.

　　According to the report, the solvency of urban households in China is generally strong. According to the survey data, the average debt service income ratio of urban households is 18.4%, of which the mortgage debt service income ratio is 9.1%. The average debt service income ratio of indebted households is 29.5%, and the median is 26.7%.

　　According to the results of the investigation, the research group puts forward two problems that need to be paid attention to. First, the financial asset-liability ratio of households is relatively high, and there is a certain liquidity risk. The survey shows that the financial asset-liability ratio of urban households in China is 44.6%, among which the average financial asset-liability ratio of indebted households is 85.3% and the median is 117.3%, and the financial asset-liability ratio of more than half of households exceeds 100%. It can be seen that although the overall asset-liability ratio of residents is stable, the liquidity of assets is poor and there is a certain liquidity risk.

　　Second, the debt risk of some families is relatively high, mainly manifested in: some low-asset families are insolvent and the risk of default is high; Young and middle-aged groups have great debt pressure and high debt risk; There are many financial products such as wealth management, asset management and trust invested by the elderly groups, which are risky; The debt risk of just-needed mortgage families is outstanding. (Reporter Cheng Wei)

　　Cctv news: The State Financial Supervision and Administration Bureau issued a notice on matters related to the connection between individual tax deferred commercial endowment insurance pilot and individual pension. The full text is as follows:

　　Shanghai, Jiangsu, Fujian and Xiamen Supervision Bureaus of the State Financial Supervision and Administration Bureau, China Bank Insurance Information Technology Management Co., Ltd., a pilot company of personal tax deferred commercial endowment insurance:

　　In order to implement the Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on Promoting the Development of Individual Pensions (No.7 [2022] of the State Council), the Measures for the Implementation of Individual Pensions (No.70 [2022] of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security), and the Notice of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, China on Relevant Matters Concerning Insurance Companies’ Personal Pensions (No.17 [2022] of the Banking Insurance Regulatory Commission), and promote the healthy and orderly development of individual pension businesses, In consultation with the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and the State Administration of Taxation, the General Administration of Financial Supervision decided to carry out the pilot project of individual tax deferred commercial endowment insurance (hereinafter referred to as individual tax deferred endowment insurance) and the convergence of individual pensions. The relevant matters are hereby notified as follows:

　　1. The pilot company of individual tax deferred pension insurance (hereinafter referred to as the pilot company) shall adhere to the principles of compliance, initiative and convenient operation, do a good job in policy propaganda, optimize the handling process, safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of customers, carry out the pilot business of individual tax deferred pension insurance in an orderly manner, and in principle complete all the work before the end of 2023.

　　Second, China Bank Insurance Information Technology Management Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Yinbaoxin Company) shall strengthen the construction and operation management of the information platform of individual tax deferred pension insurance and the information platform of individual pension in the banking insurance industry (hereinafter referred to as the platform of bancassurance industry), and support the connection between the pilot of individual tax deferred pension insurance and individual pension.

　　III. Yinbaoxin Co., Ltd. shall co-ordinate the confirmation of the policy information of individual tax deferred pension insurance. Within three working days from the date of issuance of this notice, Yinbaoxin Co., Ltd. shall provide its individual tax deferred pension insurance policy information, including basic information of the insured and payment information, to all pilot companies according to the information of the individual tax deferred pension insurance information platform. Since September 1st, 2023, Yinbaoxin Company has closed the new interface of insurance contract of tax deferred pension insurance information platform, stopped the new account opening function of tax deferred pension insurance policyholders (hereinafter referred to as policyholders), and stopped issuing tax deduction vouchers for tax deferred pension insurance to policyholders.

　　Four, the pilot company will check the information provided by the bank insurance company with the relevant information of the company, and the inconsistent information shall be confirmed with the bank insurance company one by one. Within 15 working days from the date of issuance of this notice, the pilot company shall determine the policy information of individual tax deferred endowment insurance and feed it back to the bancassurance company. Since September 1, 2023, the pilot company stopped selling tax deferred pension insurance products to new customers, and supported the change of tax deferred pension insurance policy to personal pension tax deferred pension insurance policy.

　　5. After the pilot company completes the docking with the platform system of the bancassurance industry, it shall submit a description of the docking to the General Administration of Financial Supervision, and the General Administration of Financial Supervision shall include the individual tax deferred pension insurance products it has conducted in the list of individual pension insurance products. Individual tax deferred pension insurance products of pilot companies that have not carried out individual tax deferred pension insurance business shall not be included in the list of individual pension insurance products.

　　If a pilot company applies for filing other personal pension insurance products, it shall meet the requirements for the insurance company to carry out personal pension business.

　　Six, the pilot company shall support the insured who has not yet entered the stage of receiving the pension annuity, and after completing the opening of the personal pension account and the opening or designation of the personal pension fund account, the application for changing the tax deferred pension insurance policy to the personal pension tax deferred pension insurance policy is put forward.

　　Seven, after receiving the applicant’s application for policy change, the pilot company shall prompt it to check the tax deferred old-age insurance payment and personal pension fund account payment in 2022 and 2023. If the above two payments totaled more than 12,000 yuan in that year, the applicant can apply for a refund of the excess premium of tax deferred old-age insurance with the relevant payment certificate. The pilot company shall obtain the confirmation of the insured whether it is necessary to refund part of the premium to it.

　　If the applicant applies for refund of the premium, the pilot company shall verify the relevant certificates within 10 working days, refund the excess premium and obtain the confirmation of the applicant.

　　Eight, the pilot company in accordance with the provisions of article seventh of this notice to obtain the confirmation of the insured, in accordance with the following procedures for policy changes:

　　(1) Preserve the individual tax deferred endowment insurance policy by changing the bank account information of the applicant, and notify the applicant of the processing result;

　　(two) the preservation information submitted to the tax deferred pension insurance information platform;

　　(three) to stop the business operation of the insured’s tax deferred pension insurance policy;

　　(4) Check the basic information of the tax deferred pension insurance policy, the premium information of the tax deferred pension insurance paid and the account value information with the bancassurance company and submit them to the bancassurance industry platform.

　　Nine, after the completion of the policy change, the pilot company shall make a prompt to the insured on the following matters, and obtain the confirmation of the insured:

　　The tax deferred pension insurance policy has been changed into a personal pension tax deferred pension insurance policy, and the insured subsequently pays the premium through the personal pension fund account; The insured needs to check the total amount paid by the individual tax deferred pension insurance policy and the individual pension fund account, and make reasonable arrangements for the subsequent individual pension fund account payment in the remaining time of 2023 according to the annual payment ceiling of 12,000 yuan. The payment beyond the limit cannot be deducted before personal income tax.

　　According to the Announcement of the Ministry of Finance and the State Administration of Taxation on Individual Income Tax Policies for Individual Pensions (Announcement No.34 of the Ministry of Finance and the State Administration of Taxation, 2022), Shanghai, Fujian, Suzhou Industrial Park and other areas that have implemented the pilot project of individual tax deferred old-age insurance will be implemented in accordance with the relevant provisions of the announcement from January 1, 2022, that is, the total expenditure of individuals purchasing individual tax deferred old-age insurance and the payment to individual pension fund accounts can be within the limit of 12,000 yuan per year.

　　Ten, such as the applicant’s application, the pilot company can through the policy approval way, the individual pension tax deferred pension insurance policy for the following treatment:

　　(a) add a one-time collection method to the contract, and the collection amount is the value of the product account at the time of collection;

　　(2) Add a clause in the contract that allows the insured to surrender, but in the case of new surrender, the cash value of the first three policy years shall not be less than 97%, 98% and 99% of the account value.

　　Personal pension tax deferred pension insurance policy surrender and receive related funds should meet the requirements of closed management of personal pension fund accounts.

　　Eleven, in the process of connecting the pilot business of individual tax deferred pension insurance with personal pension, the bank insurance company shall submit relevant information to the tax authorities as required.

　　The pilot company shall submit information to the bancassurance industry platform in accordance with the provisions when carrying out the business related to individual pension tax deferred pension insurance policies. The bancassurance company shall submit relevant information to the personal pension information management service platform in accordance with the regulations.

　　Twelve, the pilot company shall not support the application for policy change put forward by the insured who has begun to receive the pension annuity.

　　Thirteen, for the insured who has started to receive the pension annuity, the pilot company can add a one-time payment method to the tax deferred pension insurance contract through policy approval according to their application, and the amount received is the difference between the personal account value at the end of the accumulation period of the tax deferred pension insurance product and the amount received. When an individual receives it according to the regulations, the pilot company shall withhold and remit the personal income tax payable.

　　Fourteen, since the date of issuance of this notice, the pilot company shall make a three-month announcement through its official website, and take one of three ways in turn, namely telephone, text message and writing, to give tips on the following contents:

　　(a) the time schedule for the pilot company to carry out the pilot business of individual tax deferred pension insurance and personal pension;

　　(two) the requirements and procedures for the policy change and refund of the insured who has not yet entered the stage of receiving the pension annuity;

　　(three) the requirements and procedures for the applicant who has started to receive the pension annuity to apply for a one-time payment;

　　(four) the requirements and procedures for the change of individual pension tax deferred pension insurance policy;

　　(five) the service situation of the tax deferred pension insurance information platform;

　　(6) Requirements for the closed management of individual pension fund accounts;

　　(7) Preferential tax policies for individual pensions;

　　(eight) other matters related to the protection of the rights and interests of the insured.

　　Fifteen, since January 1, 2024, the tax deferred pension insurance information platform stopped providing account management, renewal payment, information inquiry and other services for the insured. After the pilot project of individual tax deferred pension insurance and personal pension are fully completed, the information platform of individual tax deferred pension insurance stops serving. The pilot company shall do a good job in the policy management of the insured who has not joined the individual pension system.

　　16. From now until December 31, 2023, the pilot company shall submit the progress of the connection between the pilot business of individual tax deferred pension insurance and individual pension to Yinbaoxin Company within 5 working days after the end of each month. The bancassurance company shall, within 10 working days after the end of each month, summarize the situation of the pilot companies and submit a report to the General Administration of Financial Supervision.

CCTV News:In addition, in order to alleviate the financial pressure of enterprises, the Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission and the Finance Bureau also guided banks to increase the supply of science and technology credit and innovate science and technology credit products.

This technology enterprise engaged in the research and development of smart factories is also supported by Shanghai’s "Special Action for Helping Enterprises through Science and Technology". During the epidemic period, there was a problem in the capital flow of enterprises. According to the scale of enterprise revenue, Shanghai Science and Technology Commission and Finance Bureau joined forces with financial institutions such as banks, insurance companies and guarantee companies to innovate science and technology credit products, and launched various preferential science and technology credit products such as "science and technology loan", "science and technology performance loan", "little giant credit loan" and "high enterprise loan". This enterprise has applied for a science and technology performance loan and can renew the loan without paying the principal.

Huang Xiaoming, head of an intelligent technology company:The company can’t arrange the capital turnover in time. Under such circumstances, the Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission is also urgent for enterprises, helping us to actively (coordinate) guarantee the company and coordinate the bank, and making an unsecured loan of 4 million yuan for us, which has provided great help for enterprises to resume their work and business smoothly.

In addition, according to the provisions of the "Special Action to Help Enterprises by Science and Technology", the Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission, together with the finance and taxation departments, will speed up the implementation of policies such as 100% additional deduction of R&D expenses for small and medium-sized science and technology enterprises in 2022, income tax relief for high-tech enterprises and technologically advanced service enterprises, value-added tax exemption for technology development and technology transfer, and income tax relief for technology transfer enterprises.

The reporter learned from the Shanghai Science and Technology Commission that at present, the Shanghai Science and Technology Entrepreneurship Center has issued loans of 29.574 billion yuan to 1,849 enterprises through various preferential technology credit products; Another 198 lending enterprises received seamless loan renewal support in the form of non-repayment and extension, amounting to 1.008 billion yuan.

　　At the beginning of 2020, a new round of pension increase window was reopened. The "Economic Information Daily" reporter was informed that retirees’ pensions will usher in 16 consecutive rises, and urban and rural residents’ pensions are expected to continue to increase. Many places are already planning specific plans. At the same time, the reform of the old-age insurance system in 2020 also ushered in a crucial year, and new breakthroughs were made in the construction of a multi-level old-age insurance system, and a number of heavy measures were ready to go.

　　It is reported that the reform of the basic old-age insurance system is in full swing, and the reasonable adjustment mechanism of pensions and the management measures for occupational annuity investment may be accelerated. In 2020, the proportion of central adjustment of pension insurance funds will continue to be raised, and the provincial-level pension planning and urban and rural residents’ pension investment will be fully closed, which is the "third pillar" that has attracted much attention — — The personal pension system has entered a period of full strength.

　　Following the 5% increase in pensions for retirees in China in 2019, the pensions for retirees of urban enterprises, government agencies and institutions will usher in 16 consecutive increases in 2020, and the pension increase plan is already brewing, or will be accelerated in the near future.

　　The pension adjustment plan for urban and rural residents is also brewing. Guangdong, Inner Mongolia and other places gradually released plans and officially implemented this month. For example, in 2020, Guangdong Province will increase the basic pension of 3 yuan every month for those who have paid for more than 15 years; For the elderly insured who have reached the age of 65 and above, the basic pension will be appropriately added every month. At the same time, the original individual payment grade will be adjusted to nine grades between 180 yuan and 4,800 yuan per year. In Inner Mongolia, the basic old-age insurance payment standard for urban and rural residents is adjusted to 12 grades ranging from 200 yuan to 7,000 yuan. The government subsidies for various payment levels are also clearly defined, with 3,000 yuan for 90 yuan, 5,000 yuan for 95 yuan and 7,000 yuan for 100 yuan.

　　Zhu Xiaoyu, the Social Development Research Center of the Chinese Academy of Fiscal Science of the Ministry of Finance, told the Economic Information Daily that the Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee explicitly called for a steady increase in the level of basic old-age insurance. In 2020, the level of basic old-age insurance benefits for urban workers will continue to increase, and the adjustment method will consider combining the inclusive adjustment of "quick march" with the key tilt adjustment of "sorting". In addition, the public finance will increase the pension benefits subsidies for urban and rural residents to further narrow the gap in the treatment level under the dual pension insurance system.

　　Wang Dehua, a researcher at the Institute of Finance and Economics, China Academy of Social Sciences, pointed out that with the improvement of financial subsidy standards and the encouragement of paying more in policies, the pension insurance benefits for urban and rural residents in China will continue to improve as a whole. In addition, the current financial subsidies are mainly based on the local financial situation, and the standards and principles will be further clarified in the future.

　　The reporter was informed that in order to ensure the steady improvement of pension benefits, the reform of the pension insurance system in 2020 is expected to usher in a new breakthrough. "2020 is a crucial year for the reform of the old-age insurance system, and the effect of social security fee reduction has begun to appear. The provincial-level overall planning system for old-age insurance will be fully established nationwide. The central adjustment system continued to increase. At the same time, ‘ Thirteenth Five-Year Plan ’ At the closing time, social security will basically achieve full coverage, ‘ Fourteenth Five-Year Plan ’ The goal will be finalized. " Fang Lianquan, secretary general of the World Social Security Research Center of China Academy of Social Sciences, said.

　　Fu Jinling, director of the Social Security Department of the Ministry of Finance, revealed a few days ago that according to the requirements of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council, relevant departments are currently studying, reforming and perfecting the basic old-age insurance system.

　　Regarding the key point of reforming and improving the basic old-age insurance system, Jin Weigang, president of the Chinese Academy of Labor and Social Security, said that China will accelerate the national overall planning of basic old-age insurance funds, and the proportion of central adjustment of old-age insurance funds will be increased from 3% in 2018 to 3.5% in 2019, and the proportion of central adjustment of old-age insurance funds will be further increased in 2020. In addition, we will comprehensively promote the reform of the endowment insurance system in government agencies and institutions, achieve a smooth convergence of pension benefits before and after the reform, and introduce investment management measures for occupational annuities as soon as possible. Improve the employee pension insurance personal account system.

　　"We should also step up the establishment of a reasonable pension adjustment mechanism. It is necessary to ensure that the basic life of retirees is guaranteed and steadily improved, and the fruits of economic development can be properly shared, and the adjustment of treatment should be controlled within the range that funds and finances can bear. " Jin Weigang said.

　　As an important transition of national overall planning of endowment insurance, provincial overall planning is accelerating. By the end of last year, 13 provinces had achieved provincial-level unified collection and expenditure of funds. Shandong, Anhui, Guangxi and Shanxi have recently announced that the provincial-level co-ordination system of basic old-age insurance for enterprise employees will be formally implemented from January 1, 2020.

　　In addition, in terms of maintaining and increasing the value of the endowment insurance fund, the entrusted investment of the basic endowment insurance fund for urban and rural residents will be fully implemented by the end of 2020. The "two pillars" and "three pillars" of old-age insurance will also accelerate the breakthrough.

　　Jin Weigang pointed out that after the urban workers’ basic pension has achieved national overall planning and implemented the investment and operation of the basic old-age insurance fund, with the rapid expansion of the basic old-age insurance fund for urban workers nationwide, the fund adjustment and anti-risk ability have been enhanced, the basic old-age insurance premium rate paid by enterprises can be appropriately reduced in a timely manner, and more enterprises can be guided and encouraged to establish enterprise annuities through policy support. At the same time, by effectively increasing tax incentives to promote the development of the "third pillar", that is, the individual pension system.

　　Zhu Xiaoyu also said that with the acceleration of China’s aging population, the construction of a multi-level social security system is making full efforts, and the development of the second and third pillars will gradually usher in a policy dividend period. At present, the top-level design of the third pillar system is advancing.

　　The relevant person in charge of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission recently said at the routine briefing of the State Council policy that in promoting the development of commercial insurance in the social field, it will improve the personal tax deferred commercial endowment insurance policy and support the development of the third pillar of endowment insurance. The Guiding Opinions of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, China on Promoting the High-quality Development of Banking and Insurance Industry also proposes to "vigorously develop enterprise annuities, occupational annuities, various health and old-age insurance businesses" and "strengthen the construction of the third pillar of old-age insurance".

　　"China’s pension insurance system reform has been on the road. The well-off society will be completed in an all-round way soon, and the social security system will also enter a new stage of development in which the institutional structure is basically finalized and more mature and perfect. At ‘ All insurance should be guaranteed ’ After the goal is basically achieved, promoting overall planning, ensuring fairness and sustainability will become the focus of system improvement. " Zhu Xiaoyu said. (Reporter Ban Juanjuan)