Lowering the mortgage interest rate, reducing the down payment ratio, relaxing the purchase restriction policy, giving tax and fee concessions and subsidies to buyers, increasing the support of provident fund for buying houses, and supporting talents and families with many children to improve their living conditions … … Recently, the real estate control policies have been adjusted in many places across the country, and the loose policies have shown a blowout trend.

　　In order to support the rigid and improved housing demand, the "warm wind" in the real estate market is blowing frequently. What are the specific policies? What benefits have these policies brought to property buyers? How will the policy promote the stable and healthy development of the real estate market? In this regard, the "Workers Daily" reporter combed.

　　Lowering the loan interest rate and reducing the cost of buying a house

　　"The loan interest rate is lowered, and the maximum amount of the first housing provident fund loan is raised. Now buying a house can save a lot of interest." On the fourth weekend of May, Ms. Wang from Jinhua, Zhejiang Province looked at several properties in one breath, ready to take advantage of the east wind of the policy and settle down for herself.

　　"According to the loan amount of 500,000 yuan, the term of 30 years and the equal repayment of principal and interest, the average monthly payment can be reduced by about 45 yuan, and the interest expenditure will be reduced by about 16,000 yuan in the next 30 years." On May 20th, the central bank released the latest loan market quoted interest rate (LPR), and the LPR over five years dropped from 4.6% to 4.45%, down by 15 basis points, from which industry experts gave such a set of calculation data.

　　Earlier, the central bank and China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission issued a document pointing out that the interest rate of the first home commercial personal housing loan can be lowered by up to 20 basis points. These two adjustments in the credit policy mean that the minimum loan interest rates for the first suite and the second suite reach 4.25% and 5.05% respectively, which is conducive to reducing the cost of purchasing houses with just-needed and improved needs. In addition to lowering the mortgage interest rate, local governments have also improved their real estate policies in light of local conditions, and relaxed administrative restrictions such as purchase restrictions and sales restrictions by reducing the down payment ratio, narrowing the scope of purchase restrictions, and giving tax concessions to buyers.

　　In terms of relaxing purchase restrictions, Wuhan, Jinan, Taiyuan, Hangzhou, Xiamen and other cities have lowered the threshold for buying houses, among which Wuhan and Jinan have adjusted some areas from the scope of purchase restrictions to the scope of unlimited purchases; Taiyuan new citizens do not need to settle down and social security to buy the first suite, and registered families who have settled in Hangzhou for less than 5 years no longer need social security to buy second-hand houses.

　　In terms of relaxing restrictions on sales, Harbin issued a document to abolish the previous regional restrictions on sales. Buyers can complete the registration of real estate ownership and obtain real estate warrants to be listed and traded. Nanjing and Jinhua’s new houses have been listed and traded for three years from the date of contract filing, and Qingdao, Dezhou, Jining and other places in Shandong have either shortened the time for restricting the transfer of houses or cancelled the policy of restricting sales. In addition, Taiyuan and other places also encourage reducing the down payment ratio of the first set of new commercial housing and giving deed tax subsidies.

　　Provident fund policy promotes the release of home demand

　　Since the beginning of this year, the pace of the introduction of property market regulation policies has been accelerated and intensified. In addition to relaxing the policies of restricting purchases and sales, many places have focused their efforts on the housing provident fund policy, including increasing the amount of provident fund loans and reducing the down payment ratio of provident fund loans.

　　In terms of increasing the amount of provident fund loans, Jinan, Nanjing, Anhui Lu ‘an, Sichuan Ya ‘an and Liangshan have raised the maximum amount of housing provident fund loans. Taking Nanjing as an example, the maximum loanable amount of the second housing provident fund loan for the first time has been adjusted from the current 300,000 yuan/person and 600,000 yuan/household for both husband and wife to 500,000 yuan/person and 1 million yuan/household for both husband and wife, so as to reduce the burden of purchasing houses for groups with improved needs.

　　In terms of reducing the down payment ratio of provident fund loans, Huainan, Anhui, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, Tai ‘an, Shandong and other places have adjusted the minimum down payment ratio of provident fund loans to 20%. Qingdao has abolished the stipulation that the age of second-hand houses is linked to the down payment ratio, and will no longer increase the down payment ratio step by step according to the age of houses, and relax the sum of the loan period and the age of second-hand housing provident fund loans to a maximum of 50 years. In addition, many places have also cancelled the restrictions on household registration of housing provident fund loans in different places.

　　Some experts believe that the adjustment of the provident fund policy is effective for cities with low housing prices and a high proportion of provident fund loans to the total housing prices. It is expected that more second-tier and third-and fourth-tier cities will continue to exert their efforts in the housing provident fund policy in the future to promote the release of potential home ownership demand.

　　Support talents and families with many children to buy houses and live in peace.

　　On May 15th, the relevant departments of Haikou issued a document saying that imported talents can enjoy the same treatment as local residents when they settle down, and those who have not settled down can buy houses in Haikou as long as they have 12 months of social security.

　　Haikou’s new policy of stabilizing the property market reflects a major direction of real estate regulation and control policies. For talented people and families with many children, various localities have introduced special preferential policies such as purchase restriction, loan restriction and provident fund to attract foreign talents to settle down and support families with many children to improve their living conditions.

　　In Taiyuan, qualified talents will receive a one-time housing subsidy of 50,000 yuan to 200,000 yuan according to different levels; In Xiamen, families with two children and above registered in this city can buy a third house; In Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, the down payment ratio for applying for housing provident fund loans for talented people and families with two or more children has been adjusted from 30% to 20%… …

　　It is generally believed in the industry that the policy of easing the purchase of houses for families with two children and three children will be one of the key directions for the future regulation of the property market. Experts said that a series of real estate support policies will help support the commercial housing market to better meet the reasonable housing needs of buyers, and promote the virtuous circle and healthy development of the real estate industry due to the city’s policy.

Produce/browse the business

Author/Xue Xiang

Recently, two real-time retail data have attracted the attention of a glance at business.

One is that in a recent sharing, Xu Lingna, general manager of over the rainbow Lingzhi Mathematics Department, revealed that online sales in over the rainbow have soared in the past three years, accounting for nearly 30% of the total, while 20% of online sales in over the rainbow actually came from the time when stores closed from 10 pm to 9 am the next day. That is to say, the online instant retail in over the rainbow not only transferred the offline sales to online, but also obtained additional orders.

On the other hand, according to the data of China Chain Store & Franchise Association, in the past year, 67.2% of convenience store visitors decreased compared with last year, but in the case of declining passenger flow, the overall sales of convenience stores changed in the opposite direction. In 2022, the total sales of 64.1% convenience store enterprises still increased year-on-year, one of the main reasons was that they did instant retailing.

Actually,Both over the rainbow and convenience stores are the first batch of instant retail players, and they are pathfinders who have made achievements. Nowadays, more and more platforms and businesses begin to enter this track, and the industry has more and more different views on it.

dispute

Everything is divided into two parts, and the growth of any new thing is accompanied by controversy, and instant retailing is no exception.

After communicating with a number of retail industry practitioners, a glance at the business found that merchants’ worries about instant retailing are mainly reflected in the impact of mature retailers on husband and wife department stores after entering the network, as well as the order distribution of ordinary stores and pre-warehouses. The first batch of instant retail stores have made profits, so it is time to clarify the causes of the dispute and seek solutions.

Online retailing is the true mapping of offline commerce, and the competition between Shangchao convenience store and couples grocery store will certainly exist for a long time.

Consumers are used to online consumption, and this habit is irreversible. As the data at the beginning of the article shows, in the past year, the passenger flow of offline physical stores has been affected, and couples department stores are no exception. When supermarkets, convenience stores and other mature formats, relying on their own capital, technology and traffic advantages, transform to online in advance, the pressure on mom-and-pop stores is even greater.

Indeed, in front of offline mature retailers such as supermarkets, convenience stores, collection stores and discount stores, mom-and-pop stores will naturally be considered weak. At the same time, take-away food has a wider range of radiation, and stores in different blocks are likely to be placed on the same plane for competition. Therefore, it is easy to think that the online increase of supermarkets and convenience stores is obtained by seizing the market share of mom-and-pop stores.

This view has some truth, but obviously underestimates the vitality of the mom-and-pop shop.

First, instant retailing, no matter how to expand its business scope, will not let small stores compete with national brands, which is a local format after all. As long as it belongs to local retail, there will always be a place for couples’ shops, and no one knows the local ecology better than them.

Second, mature retailers often come into contact with new models more quickly, and competition will return to the same starting line after couples’ department stores join instant retailing. With the help of various online business tools, community stores can gain insight into demand faster and stock up flexibly.

Regarding the competition between ordinary stores and front warehouses, we believe that the two formats are dislocation competition and can coexist completely.

Whether it is an "amphibious" store or an online store, it is formed under the impetus of the outbreak of demand and the prosperity of supply. The core of instant retailing is local supply, and consumers will feel convenient only if the coverage rate of businesses in a certain area reaches a certain standard. Taking Meituan as an example, before the launch of new supply projects, some merchants started the pre-warehouse business spontaneously.

Besides,In a glance at the business, this kind of "pre-warehouse" and offline-oriented community stores, although there is competition, are more of a misplaced competitive relationship.

For these small shops, the front warehouse does not have the offline sales function, and many online orders of small shops are the increment brought by expanding the business radius, which does not affect the offline business. Consumers who used to visit small stores may also increase their shopping frequency because of the "home delivery" service. For community stores, the setting of online "starting price" will also increase the unit price of customers.

No matter in terms of product selection, service mode or customer acquisition method, the husband and wife shop can well adapt to the local people’s life and consumption habits, and can also be connected to the community group purchase to become a "group leader", flexibly expanding more convenient services, including making breakfast, receiving express delivery, printing faxes, weighing, and even walking dogs instead of surrounding residents.

value

The above problems mostly point to the possible competition between instant retailers. A glance at the business believes that online and offline integration is an inevitable trend. Instead of worrying about competition and opposition, businesses should study how to adapt to changes and give full play to their comparative advantages.

At present, instant retailing originates from the elimination of instant consumer demand. Thanks to the development of physical retailing in China, both the supply and demand sides are in the stage of increasing and expanding. As the report of the Ministry of Commerce recently predicted, instant retailing will cover more application scenarios.

First of all, the epidemic, e-commerce, pre-warehouse, and community group buying have made consumers more lazy. Changes in consumption habits have forced physical retail to enter the network, making home delivery a retail standard.

Secondly,The theme of retail has always been to reduce costs, improve efficiency and make consumers get more convenient services. The essence of the Internet platform is connectivity, which can match transactions by reducing the information gap. This is the case with the most prosperous online e-commerce in the past two decades. The traditional e-commerce supported by social logistics has become the Red Sea, and instant retailing is a new opportunity for physical stores, the main body that failed to profit from e-commerce in the past.

Finally, the first wave of merchants who have joined instant retailing have begun to get dividends, and the speed of merchants accessing the network will be faster and faster. Taking convenience stores as an example, the take-out ratio of the head stores of Henan Yuelai Yuexi can reach about 30%, which probably brings about a 50% increase. Instant retail orders for fresh food in Wuhan Today convenience store increased by 90%. At first, online orders were only 2,000+a month, and now there are more than 10,000 orders a month.

Wu Teng, vice president of Hebei 36524 convenience store, told a typical example. There are seven stores similar to them on a street in Shijiazhuang, and the latest order they took over was placed 30 meters across the road, and the delivery distance was no more than 100 meters. They bought iced drinks and snacks. If they don’t provide instant retail, this order will definitely miss them.

Under such circumstances, only doing a single channel has become a disadvantage. Even for large-scale chain retail enterprises, the outlets are dense enough, but it is inconvenient for consumers to come out or even want to come out, so they can only watch the orders fly away.

Therefore, a glance at the business believes that,For businesses that have set foot on instant retail ships, we should continue to adhere to and operate for a long time. For businesses that have not started to do instant retail online, we should shelve the debate and actively transform with reference to the operating experience of the first wave of online businesses.Moreover, from the commercial point of view, joining at this time also has advantages that the first wave of mature retailers do not have.

On the one hand, after years of development, the instant retail platform has developed a perfect digital system, which can enable small-scale community stores and small supermarkets to quickly access the network at low cost, saving a lot of technical investment;

On the other hand, the change of consumer habits means that the early stage of consumer education has ended. At this time, going online can not only expand the coverage of small stores, but also reduce the marginal cost of rent by adding new orders.

In addition, local supply is the foundation of real-time retail, and the key for physical stores to do real-time retail is to keep up with the real-time needs of local consumers. This is also a huge advantage for the mom-and-pop shop, which is already in the community and familiar with the surrounding environment.

Finally, let’s look at a set of news:

This year’s No.1 Document of the Central Committee mentioned instant retailing for the first time, pointing out that "the construction of county commercial system should be comprehensively promoted. Accelerate the improvement of county and rural e-commerce and express logistics distribution systems, build county-level collection and distribution centers, promote the integration of rural passenger and postal services, and vigorously develop new models such as joint distribution and instant retail. "

According to the estimation of China Chain Store & Franchise Association, from 2020 to 2021, the annual growth rate of instant retail will basically remain at 80% to 100%.

Obviously, the development of instant retailing is the general trend. Although there is some controversy, everyone is more worried about the possible uncertainty.

Throughout the history of human development, there are many uncertainties, but in the history of instant retailing, at least the achievements of the first wave of merchants such as supermarkets and convenience stores are certain, and the operation mode is also certain, so is the widening of the operating radius of mom-and-pop stores.

A glance at the business believes that the essence of instant retail is retail, so it is still a long-running business, and we can’t just look at short-term disputes. As long as merchants are good at tapping the unmet needs of offline and traditional e-commerce, as long as they turn traffic thinking into cost thinking, serve residents well in a limited radius and ponder over details, they can see more certainty in the instant retail field.

The fourth in a series of reports on China’s new measures to expand and open up.
Foreign trade innovation measures make opening up benefit the world

On April 13, 2018, at the Qingdao Port Foreign Trade Container Terminal in Shandong Province, vehicles were transporting containers loaded and unloaded by liner ships.Yu Fangping (People’s Vision)

On May 6th, 2018, China Yiwu Import Commodities Expo opened. The picture shows the exhibitors introducing Turkish craft lamps to foreign businessmen.Gong Xianming (People’s Vision)

On April 15th, in the import exhibition area of the 123rd Canton Fair, a company from South Korea was promoting a blender.Xinhua News Agency reporter Liang Xushe

Jiangsu Nantong Comprehensive Bonded Zone Import Commodities Direct Marketing Center, where more than 8,000 kinds of imported commodities from more than 20 countries and regions such as France, Germany, Japan and South Korea are displayed and sold.Xu Congjun (People’s Vision)

On April 10th, the Supreme Leader of president, China attended the opening ceremony of the 2018 annual meeting of Boao Forum for Asia and delivered a keynote speech. The Chairman of the Supreme Leader announced the major measures that China will take in opening wider to the outside world. The Supreme Leader pointed out that China does not aim at pursuing a trade surplus, and sincerely hopes to expand imports and promote the balance of current account.

In recent years, the China government has always attached importance to changing the development mode of foreign trade, not aiming at the pursuit of trade surplus, promoting the balanced development of foreign trade, actively expanding imports, and continuously improving the breadth and depth of market opening.

Taking the initiative to expand imports as one of the four major measures to open wider to the outside world, this innovation in foreign trade practice once again shows the world China’s determination and confidence to actively open up to the outside world, which is generally welcomed by the international community. International public opinion believes that China’s clear release of such a positive import policy signal shows China’s responsibility for maintaining the process of globalization and free trade.

This year will be the first year to expand imports.

"2018 will be the first year for China to expand imports." Lu Jinyong, a professor at university of international business and economics Institute of International Economics and Trade, judged this. He believes that the policy information on "expanding imports" released by the Chairman of the Supreme Leader in the keynote speech at the opening ceremony of the 2018 annual meeting of Boao Forum for Asia is positive and clear.

A series of actions, such as reducing tariffs, increasing the import of products with distinctive advantages, accelerating the process of joining the World Trade Organization’s Agreement on Government Procurement, and holding the first China International Import Expo, show that China is starting from the direction of policy strength, taxation and building an international trade platform to expand imports.

In terms of tariffs, in recent years, China has substantially reduced import tariffs on some products. According to the data of the Ministry of Commerce, as of January 11th, 2018, China has achieved zero tariff on more than 8,000 kinds of imported products. Taking agricultural products as an example, the import tariff of red wine in Georgia and Chile has been reduced from 14% to 30% to zero. Taking industrial products as an example, the import tariffs on some Swiss watches have been reduced by 50%; South Korea’s import tariffs on refrigerators, rice cookers and other products have been reduced by 40%, and will be reduced to zero tariffs in a few years. Gao Feng, a spokesman for the Ministry of Commerce, said that products with nearly one-third of China’s total imports can enjoy preferential tariff treatment in the FTA, most of which are end consumer goods.

China has also actively guided the import of products with distinctive advantages. On May 1st this year, China abolished import tariffs on 28 drugs, including anticancer drugs, and encouraged the import of innovative drugs. Experts in the industry have assessed that the import of anti-cancer drugs is expected to achieve a price reduction of at least 20% after comprehensive consideration of measures such as zero tariff on imports, reduction of VAT tax burden and centralized government procurement. This means that the cost of importing anticancer drugs from China market can be greatly reduced, and the drug quality and legal problems caused by "Haitao route" can be avoided.

Experts pointed out that the import trade platform that China is building mentioned by the Supreme Leader in his speech on April 10th will be an important support for China to actively expand imports. In this regard, Xing Yuqing, a professor at the National Policy Research Institute of Japan, said that China will expand its domestic market, build a larger import platform, greatly reduce tariff and non-tariff barriers, and lower the threshold for foreign investment to enter oil refining, communications, finance and Internet services, which will bring new growth impetus and source to China’s economy. He said: "I believe that many enterprises in China will win the competition with foreign capital. An open China will become a defender of the fairness and stability of the international trade order. "

Increasing imports and promoting consumption return

On the second day of the May Day holiday, Wang Lewei, a resident of Shilibao, Chaoyang District, Beijing, and his family came to the nearby box horse fresh supermarket. Australian lobster, French oysters, Russian king crab, Norwegian arctic cod … are not only rich in variety, but also affordable. Wang Lewei’s family enjoyed a delicious imported seafood dinner. "Before I wanted to eat imported seafood, I had to go to a big hotel, which was expensive. Now I can feast my eyes on it in the supermarket. It feels great."

Thanks to the development of new formats such as cross-border e-commerce and the reduction of import tariffs, more and more high-quality consumer goods from all over the world have entered China. "Easy to buy the world" has brought convenience and dividends to consumers. "Expanding imports has limited impact on domestic consumer goods. More importantly, in the long run, expanding imports is of great significance for promoting industrial transformation and promoting consumption upgrading. " Zhao Ping, director of the International Trade Research Department of the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade, said.

Huang Songping, spokesman of the General Administration of Customs, said that this year, we will reduce the import tariffs on automobiles by a considerable margin, and at the same time reduce the import tariffs on some other products, and strive to increase the import of featured and advantageous products with concentrated demand from the people. Lu Jinyong believes that moderately expanding imports can promote and promote the high-quality development of China’s economy in many ways.

"Some imported consumer goods are not available in China before, which may refresh domestic consumer awareness and drive domestic related industries to achieve progress from scratch." Ye Changqing, Marketing Director of Shenzhen Baoshijie Sanitary Ware, said that a few years ago, many domestic consumers didn’t know about smart toilet seats, and most domestic manufacturers OEM for foreign brands, with few independent brands. Later, with the increase in the import of smart toilet seats, the awareness of domestic consumers is getting higher and higher, and the demand is constantly being released. Many domestic smart toilet seat manufacturers not only have their own brands, but even set up R&D centers in Japan.

In addition, expanding imports will help to keep a large amount of outflow consumption at home.

In 2016, China has become the world’s largest outbound tourism source market and the largest outbound tourism consumer. According to the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Commerce, according to preliminary estimates, at present, Chinese residents spend about $200 billion a year shopping abroad, and the shopping list includes a large number of high-end goods and daily consumer goods. The price difference between domestic and foreign products is the main reason for consumption outflow.

With the implementation of China’s measures to expand imports, this trend is changing.

"It’s much more convenient to buy imported goods than before." Li Li, an employee of an Internet company in Zhongguancun, Beijing, often buys imported snacks, toys and daily necessities for her children. A few years ago, she either made a big purchase when she went abroad, or entrusted a friend who went abroad to buy it. Nowadays, with cross-border e-commerce, most of the "explosive" imported goods can be easily bought.

Liu Dingming, general manager of Sichuan Hezhongxing International Logistics Co., Ltd., who is engaged in import and export business, believes that lowering tariffs has created conditions for expanding imports of consumer goods and lowering commodity prices, and consumers will directly benefit from it. At present, there are more than 50 merchants imported through the company’s logistics platform, and the goods mainly enter community stores and cooperative O2O stores. "In the future, people will buy some imported goods, and the price will be more favorable."

Zhang Jun, chief economist of Morgan Stanley Huaxin Securities, believes that in the process of economic restructuring in China, in order to achieve consumption upgrading and industrial upgrading, it is an inevitable trend to expand imports. With the increase of residents’ income, the demand for overseas high-end consumer goods is rising, and the corresponding reduction of tariffs on high-end consumer goods can meet the demand brought by this consumption upgrade.

In the context of expanding imports, it is promising to strengthen the docking of domestic and international markets. Zhao Ping said that in November, the first China International Import Expo will be held in Shanghai, which is a major policy announcement and action of our initiative to open the market. For domestic governments and enterprises at all levels, this grand event can also form a positive demonstration effect, create more convenient and diverse display channels for imported products, and better serve China consumers.

Innovative measures bring more "China opportunities"

Practice has proved that China’s expansion of imports not only promotes the sustained and healthy development of the capital market and modern industrial system, but also greatly improves the market environment in China, and brings huge market opportunities to all countries in the world.

Su Jian, executive deputy director of Peking University Economic Research Institute, pointed out that in the 2018 government work report, the expression of expanding imports was "actively expanding imports", while the Boao Forum focused on "actively expanding imports". Higher import tariffs and other taxes and fees are important factors that affect China’s import growth. It can be expected that the reduction of import tariffs will make imports grow considerably.

"China’s expansion of imports is not only conducive to better meeting domestic demand, but also conducive to the world sharing China market opportunities." Huang Zhilong, director of the Macroeconomic Center of Suning Financial Research Institute, believes that China has become the second largest economy in the world, with huge potential in the consumer market. It has taken the initiative to expand imports, which reflects the responsibility of a big country and can bring more development achievements and dividends to the world. For other countries, the increase of China’s imports means the increase of their exports, thus gaining more market returns and creating more employment opportunities.

"China has never taken the pursuit of trade surplus as the goal, but has tried to expand imports through a series of pragmatic measures to promote the balance of current account." Zhao Ping said that according to the data of the Ministry of Commerce, up to now, there are 15 free trade agreements in force in China, involving 23 countries and regions, covering more than 8,000 kinds of zero-tariff imported products.

International public opinion has also responded positively to China’s measures to expand imports.

The US "Wall Street Journal" reported that the Chairman of the Supreme Leader promised China to relax its market access in the fields of finance and manufacturing, which shows that China is committed to defending the free trade system. This information pushed up the global stock market.

Craig emerson, former Australian Trade Minister, believes that the world is encouraged by the Supreme Leader’s proposal that China will take the initiative to expand imports. The first China International Import Expo to be held this year will further prove that China welcomes competitive goods.

Hu Yishan, chief consultant of Malaysia Pacific Research Center, believes that the Chairman of the Supreme Leader announced a series of measures to open the market and expand imports, which made neighboring countries including Malaysia sincerely agree. It is hoped that China will continue to hold high the banner of free trade, oppose trade protectionism and safeguard the authority of the multilateral trading system in the face of rising protectionism and anti-globalization. (Reporter Yang Junfeng)

As early as before the Qing court prepared for constitutionalism, the newspaper industry in China was actually quite developed. Newspapers, represented by Times, Ta Kung Pao, Times and Beijing Daily, are well-known in Beijing, Shanghai and Hong Kong. After the Qing court promulgated the Outline of the King James Constitution, the Constitutionalists set up newspapers and periodicals in various places. As of May, 1911, according to incomplete statistics, there were more than forty newspapers and periodicals that only held a constitutional position.

Constitutional newspapers in the late Qing Dynasty

Ironically, the constitutional imperial edict was promulgated on September 1, 1906, and on September 29, the same month, the Beijing dialect daily and the Zhonghua newspaper were blocked at the same time, on charges of "arbitrarily discussing state affairs, fabricating rumors, echoing bandit parties, and making irresponsible remarks." The real reason is that the Chinese newspaper published the news that the Qing court secretly executed two royalists who returned from Japan, while the Beijing Daily ridiculed the arrest of a Taiwan Province man who came to Beijing by mistake for Sun Yat-sen. Peng Yizhong, the newspaper owner, was exiled to Xinjiang on the grounds of murder.

In a word, the basic position of these newspapers is "asking the emperor for democracy". In the process of running a newspaper, it was frequently examined and interfered by the Qing court. Therefore, many newspapers have not existed for a long time. For example, Beijing Daily, sponsored by Wang Kangnian, was founded on March 28th, 1907, and was ordered to close by the Ministry of Civil Affairs on August 26th because of the case of Yang Cuixi. The organ publication "On Politics" of the Political News Agency was closed down less than 10 months after its publication.

The people who presided over the speeches in these newspapers were intellectuals in the transitional period. After the abolition of the imperial examination system in 1905, a large number of scholars either went to study in the West or participated in new schools or speech institutions in China. At that time, famous writers included Liang Qichao, Da Sheng, Xiong Fanyu and Gu Zhongxiu.

More than a dozen of the above 40 newspapers are related to Liang Qichao, either as writers or publishers. For example, every issue of Guo Feng Bao was edited by Liang Qichao and sent to Shanghai for printing, half of which were written by Liang. With these opinion leaders as the center, the Constitutionalists have formed a number of speech centers.

Constitutionalists first kept great hopes for preparing for constitutionalism. After the introduction of the official system reform plan in November 1906, their attitude changed. This administrative system reform is nothing more than abolishing several small departments and changing the names of several departments. In fact, it is still a change of medicine. For example, in the central ministries and commissions, the proportion of Manchu and Han officials changed from 50-50 to 60-40. Nanfang Daily is extremely dissatisfied with this, saying that "it is a trick of autocracy in the name of fake constitutionalism."

The first revolutionary newspaper

In the autumn of 1899, Sun Yat-sen sent Chen Shaobai to Hongkong to organize a newspaper to publicize revolutionary ideas. As the British Hong Kong government prohibited Sun Shi from entering the country, Sun Yat-sen had to buy machines in Japan to raise funds, and told Chen Shaobai to name the newspaper China Daily. China Daily was officially published in Hongkong on January 25th, 1900, with Chen Shaobai as the president and editor-in-chief. The newspaper published a journal and a journal at the same time, with a dozen columns. The most popular column for the general public is "miscellaneous", which is to publish popular jingles and jokes in China to satirize current events.

The China Journal was published until 1913. It is generally believed that it was not revolutionary in the early days, and many of its ideas were the same as those of the constitutionalists. Some early serial articles only advocated limiting monarchical power and expanding civil rights, but did not clearly advocate revolution. In August, 1900, the newspaper published Zhang Taiyan’s "Please Strictly Refuse Manchu People to Enter the National Assembly" and "Discarding Braids", and then began to advocate Manchu Revolution.

When the newspaper published Zhang’s article, it added a sentence, publicly calling the Qing government a "barbaric government", which clearly expressed the newspaper’s position. In 1903, Guangzhou’s Ling Poster accused the revolution of anti-Qing, and China Daily published an article to refute it. The two sides fought each other in writing for months, while revolutionary figures in Guangdong submitted their books to the newspaper, expressing their support for the newspaper, and the sales of China Daily increased greatly.

China Daily is not only an organ of speech, but also a propaganda organ of the Xing China Association. Revolutionaries often hold secret meetings in the newspaper office at 27 Stanley Street, Central, Hong Kong. The command post of Huizhou Uprising was also located here. In a word, China Daily not only advocates revolution, but even directly launches armed struggle, which is one of its major characteristics.

Another newspaper, The National, founded in Tokyo, is more revolutionary. The newspaper severely condemned the Qing government’s act of flattering foreign countries and betraying the country, accusing them of stealing peace and being willing to hand over sovereign territory to others. If China wants to stand on its own feet and China wants to be rich and strong, it is necessary to overthrow the Qing government and make a revolution. The newspaper also introduces the revolutionary thought and history of European and American bourgeoisie to readers. They pay special attention to the correction of the concept of communication, for example, to separate the "state" from the "imperial court" and to be nationals rather than slaves.

Sue reported: strict censorship of speech

Su Bao was founded on June 26th, 1896 by Hu Tiemei, registered with the Japanese Consulate in Shanghai by his Japanese wife, and written by Zou Tao. In the early days, it was a tabloid newspaper, which was sold to Chen Fan in 1898 because of excessive debts. Chen transformed it into a clear discussion newspaper, which criticized the Qing court. Later, Chen became close to Cai Yuanpei and joined the China Education Association. In 1903, Zhang Shizhao became the main writer of Su Bao, and there were even more anti-Manchu revolutionary remarks.

On June 22, this year, Su Bao published an article "Homicide", openly advocating violent revolution. The article said, "This enemy, with five million evil clowns, occupied our land, paid for food and clothing, paid taxes, killed my ancestors, annihilated my compatriots, ravaged my culture, and bound my freedom … Today’s homicidal, that is, revanchism."

On June 20th, two days earlier, Wei Guangtao, the governor of Liangjiang, had reported to Cixi the recent remarks of Su Bao, saying that Su Bao "published cloth fallacies" and ordered that Mi Na be banned. On June 29th, a police detective went to the newspaper office to arrest people, including Chen Fan, Cheng Jifu, Zhang Taiyan, Zou Rong, Qian Baoren and Long Jizhi. After that, the newspaper continued to publish newspapers and criticized the authorities for their crimes. Finally, the newspaper office was closed on July 7.

The Qing government entrusted lawyers to accuse Zhang Taiyan and others of "slandering the world and slandering the government" in mixed court. In the face of the trial, Zhang Taiyan said generously that the word’ Zai Tian Clown’ in the book violated the sacred words. I only know that the Qing emperor was Manchu and didn’t know the so-called sacred words. "

On May 21, 1904, the concession authorities and the Shanghai magistrate jointly tried the case and announced that Zhang Taiyan was sentenced to three years’ imprisonment and Zou Rong was sentenced to two years’ imprisonment. When Zhang Shizhao later recalled Su’s report, he said, "There is no taboo between his words. He denounced Zai Tian as a clown, which is more expensive than a relative and a thief. Only the publications in Tokyo, Hong Kong can do it, but in the mainland, he dared not or refused." This shows how strict the censorship of speech was in the Mainland at that time.

CCTV News:"Build an agricultural power with strong supply guarantee, strong scientific and technological equipment, strong management system, strong industrial resilience and strong competitiveness." On February 14th, the State Council held a series of press conferences on the theme of "Opening by Authoritative Departments" to introduce the key tasks of comprehensively promoting rural revitalization in 2023. Tang Renjian, director of the Office of the Central Leading Group for Rural Work and Minister of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said in response to a question from a CCTV reporter at the General Station that it is necessary to have the common characteristics of a powerful agricultural country, follow the general laws of agricultural modernization, and reflect China’s characteristics based on the national conditions.

Tang Renjian believes that the connotation of an agricultural power is very rich, including both the development of productive forces and the transformation of production relations; It includes not only the all-round upgrading of agriculture, but also the all-round progress of rural areas and the all-round development of farmers. On the one hand, we must have the common characteristics of a strong agricultural country. Although foreign modern agricultural powers have different resource endowments and institutional environments, and the performance of agricultural powers is also different, they have some common characteristics.We should follow the general laws of agricultural modernization., find gaps, fill shortcomings, promote advantages, and buildStrong supply guarantee, strong scientific and technological equipment, strong management system, strong industrial toughness and strong competitiveness.A powerful agricultural country. On the other hand, we should reflect the characteristics of China based on the national conditions. It is the key to cultivate crops and feed them, to stress water and soil in agriculture, and to build an agricultural power according to the national conditions and agricultural conditions and to solve practical problems by relying on our own strength. our countryThe resource endowment with a large population and little land, the historical background of farming civilization, and the requirements of the times for harmonious coexistence between man and nature.These three aspects determine us.We must rely on our own strength to secure the rice bowl, rely on the two-tier management system to develop agriculture, develop ecological low-carbon agriculture, continue farming civilization, and solidly promote common prosperity.. These reflect us.The characteristics of China, the national conditions and agricultural conditions of China., toStrive to embark on a road of agricultural modernization with China characteristics.

Building a strong agricultural country is a long-term task and systematic project, so we should pay attention to ways and means and grasp the timing and efficiency. First, accurately understand the work layout of agriculture, countryside and farmers. Building a strong agricultural country is in the same strain as comprehensively promoting rural revitalization, with the same goal and unified process. At present, we should focus on promoting rural revitalization in an all-round way, do a good job in connecting the policy system with the work system, keep the focus unchanged, change the theme, adjust the channels, and maintain the continuity of work. The second is to strengthen overall planning. Pay close attention to the study and formulation of plans to accelerate the construction of a strong agricultural country, and make overall planning and systematic arrangements.Connecting with the existing planning, we can’t make another set completely., clear road map construction drawing, solid and powerful, both convergence and innovation, do a good job in such a plan. The third is to highlight the actual results. Focus on solving the problemThe development of local agriculture and rural areas is the most urgent, and farmers have the strongest reaction.Practical problems ofIn fact, it falls into one specific livelihood fact, even including some.Key trivial matterIn fact, it has been a long time to make the peasants feel a real sense of gain, happiness and security in the process of rural revitalization.

　　CCTV News:A few days ago, the Publicity and Education Center of the Ministry of Environmental Protection and the Beijing Environmental Protection Publicity Center jointly exposed the "Top Ten Smog Rumors of 2016". Let’s see which rumors once made you believe!

　　Rumor: Beijing smog in macro lens?

　　A video of Beijing smog shot with a 4000 lumen light macro lens is shocking. In the video, some small particles are floating around, which is really scary to watch. Many netizens have said that masks that have been suspected before must be worn this time, and some netizens commented that "this kind of air will kill people." The video has been forwarded by nearly ten thousand people.

　　truth Fog droplets and fine particles that form smog are invisible to the naked eye, so it is necessary to use microscope instruments. What the video sees is just dust.

　　Proverbs 2 Automobile exhaust is 10 times cleaner than air, and the contribution of motor vehicles to smog is not so great.

　　In a video from a car website, on a heavily polluted day, a person wearing a gas mask extended the air quality detector to the exhaust pipe of a car, and the reading of PM2.5 dropped from nearly 500 to 48. It is concluded that automobile exhaust is 10 times cleaner than the air in foggy days.

　　truth Most of the contribution of automobile exhaust to pm2.5 is indirectly generated. The exhaust contains substances such as nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which are gases and will not be reflected in the air quality tester for measuring PM2.5.. However, these gases are both "raw materials" and "catalysts" for PM2.5 production. Among the local pollution sources in Beijing, the contribution of pollutants emitted by motor vehicles to PM2.5 is 31.1%, which accounts for 40% in non-heating season. Organic matters, nitrates, sulfates and ammonium salts generated by secondary conversion account for 70% of PM2.5.

　　Proverbs 3: A red warning was issued because of the presence of ammonium sulfate in the smog?

　　In mid-December 2016, Huanghuai and other places in North China suffered from a wide range of smog weather. Under the shadow of persistent smog, some rumors began to breed on the Internet. A message widely circulated on the Internet said, "Internally, this smog mainly contains ammonium sulfate, which was not the level of red warning, but it only reached this level because of the existence of ammonium sulfate. Remind the children not to go out. The purifier at home is turned on for a long time. Drink more water. It turned out that ammonium sulfate exceeded the standard in London, and many people died without protection. "

△ On December 16, 2016, Beijing launched a red warning of heavy pollution.

　　truth According to the "Emergency Plan for Heavy Air Pollution in Beijing", the red warning is to predict serious pollution for four consecutive days or more, of which two days will reach serious pollution; Or the single-day air quality index (AQI) reaches 500. Ammonium sulfate is not the standard for issuing a red warning.

　　The paper "From London Fog to China Haze: Persistent Sulfate Formation from London Fog to Chinese Haze" published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences in the United States in late November pointed out that in China, agricultural nitrogen fertilizer and industrial emissions produce a large amount of ammonia pollution, and alkaline ammonia promotes the reaction process of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, forming a large amount of ammonium sulfate, but also neutralizes the acidic environment, making China smog neutral in pH value.

　　Although the neutral pH of smog in China doesn’t mean that smog in China is harmless, it doesn’t have as strong acute toxicity as acidic fog in London. The acute toxicity of ammonium sulfate is not great, and the deadly culprit of London fog is high concentration of sulfur dioxide.

　　Rumor has it that the four wind power stations and shelterbelts block the smog caused by strong winds?

　　Some people think that a large number of wind power stations have been built in Inner Mongolia to steal the strong wind in Beijing, and the three-north shelterbelt attenuates the wind in the north, resulting in smog that cannot be blown away.

　　truth The wind can recover when it hits an obstacle, and local wind power generation or local shelter forest will not affect the downstream wind power far away. The fundamental reason for the formation of fog and haze is that the ground pollutants hit the static condition of the atmosphere. At present, no scientific research shows that there is a causal relationship between wind farms or shelterbelts and the formation of smog.

　　Proverbs five smog is because of "nuclear pollution".

　　It is said that large-scale uranium and coal resources have been found underground in Erdos, Inner Mongolia. Through burning, uranium in coal enters the air, which is the reason for the large-scale smog in China at present.

　　truth The main influencing factor of smog is meteorological conditions. Uranium itself is a very heavy element, which is not easy to be oxidized and will not become dust; Moreover, the power plant will carry out dust removal, desulfurization and denitrification on the emissions, even if they really exist, they should also be left in the combustion residue, and the amount entering the air is very small.

　　Rumor 6 "coal to gas" aggravates air pollution in Beijing?

　　An article entitled "Smoke emission from natural gas boilers is an important reason for aggravating the haze weather in Beijing" said that smoke emission from natural gas boilers is the main source of "rich water vapor" in Beijing and an "accomplice" to aggravate the haze air. The article says that the development of natural gas in Beijing is a double-edged sword, which has the clean energy side, the negative influence of water vapor emission and the pollution of nitrogen oxides.

　　truth Wang Zifa, a researcher at the Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that according to the current natural gas consumption in China, the gaseous water produced by burning natural gas is about 300 million tons every year. If all of it is converted into liquid water (in fact, it is impossible to convert all of it into liquid water), it will be spread evenly in the eastern part of the country where the population is concentrated (estimated area is about 3.6 million square kilometers), and the thickness of liquid water is less than 0.1 mm/year, accounting for only one hundred thousand of the precipitable water in the atmosphere, with little impact. Therefore, "changing coal to gas" will not significantly increase the humidity in Beijing’s atmosphere, and it is not the main source of "rich water vapor" in Beijing.

　　Professor Feng Yinchang of Nankai University said that no matter burning coal, gas or oil, nitrogen oxides will be emitted. Whether "changing coal to gas" will lead to the increase of nitrogen oxides mainly depends on the combustion mode and quality of coal before changing gas and the combustion technology adopted after changing gas. If low-nitrogen combustion technology is adopted, the emission of nitrogen oxides will be reduced. Denitrification started later than desulfurization in China, and the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the atmospheric environment has not decreased as significantly as that of sulfur dioxide in recent years. The increase of nitrogen oxide concentration may cause secondary pollution, but it is controllable. Moreover, the causes and mechanism of pollution are very complicated. It is not scientific to say that the pollution of particulate matter is still serious because the concentration of nitrogen oxides has not decreased significantly.

　　Proverbs 7: Beijing’s air quality is gradually deteriorating?

　　Some people think that the smog is frequent now, and the air quality in Beijing is not improving but deteriorating.

△ On December 30, 2016, Beijing was shrouded in smog.

　　truth According to the monitoring data of the Ministry of Environmental Protection, as of December 27, 2016, the average concentration of PM2.5 in Beijing in 2016 was 72 μ g/m3, down 10.0% year-on-year (down 8 μ g/m3) and down 20% compared with 2013 (down 18 μ g/m3). The assessment report "The Course of Air Pollution Control in Beijing: 1998-2013" issued by the United Nations Environment Programme in 2016 shows that from 1998 to 2013, the average annual concentrations of sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and inhalable particulate matter (PM10) in Beijing decreased significantly by 78%, 24% and 43% respectively, and the air quality in Beijing has been improved in the past 15 years. In addition, the monitoring data of international organizations such as NASA in the United States also support the trend of continuous improvement of air quality in Beijing.

　　Proverbs 8 smog can only wait for the wind, and emergency measures for heavy pollution are useless.

　　There is a view that the smog in Beijing can only wait for the wind, and the measures that took so much effort to implement during the period of heavy pollution did not play a role in driving away the smog.

△ On December 23, 2016, Beijing ushered in the blue sky after smog.

　　truth The function of heavy pollution emergency is to reduce pollutant discharge and pollutant accumulation as much as possible through certain emergency emission reduction measures, so as to protect public health to the maximum extent. According to professional calculations, during the Red Police this year, PM2.5 was reduced by about 23% and other pollutants were reduced by about 30% on average compared with no measures. Haze is caused by pollutants discharged by human production and life exceeding the environmental capacity under certain meteorological conditions. Only by reducing the emission intensity of pollutants through corresponding control measures can the air pollution problem be fundamentally solved, which requires a long-term process.

　　Proverb 9 Beijing is seriously polluted by smog, and the air contains antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

　　On November 23, 2016, four scholars from the Research Center for Antibiotic Resistance of the University of Gothenburg in Sweden mentioned in their research that "the antibiotic resistance gene was detected from the smog in Beijing". Subsequently, some domestic WeChat WeChat official account published the title "Breathing Pain! Drug-resistant bacteria are found in smog in Beijing and other places, and more than 60 kinds of drug-resistant bacteria in smog in Beijing will lead to drug failure. On November 24, 2016, some media released a news titled "Drug-resistant bacteria were found in Beijing smog, and" the last antibiotic of mankind "could do nothing about it". The news was reprinted and commented by a large number of media and self-media on the 25th.

　　truth The Beijing Municipal Health Planning Commission responded that the drug resistance and pathogenicity of bacteria are completely different concepts, and the increase of drug resistance does not mean the enhancement of pathogenicity. Many experts at home and abroad said that bacterial drug resistance has nothing to do with smog, smog does not produce drug-resistant genes, and smog has no necessary causal relationship with drug-resistant bacteria. The acquisition of bacterial drug resistance is caused by evolutionary selection and induced selection of antibiotics, not by smog. The hazard factors in smog are mainly chemical pollutants, which have adverse health effects on respiratory system and cardiovascular system, and the health risks caused by microorganisms are very small.

　　Proverbs 10 smog blocks alveoli? The incidence of lung cancer in Beijing is much higher than that in the whole country, showing a younger trend, and air pollution is the culprit.

　　There is no doubt that smog affects health, but some opinions circulating on the Internet are varied: the incidence of lung cancer in Beijing is much higher than that in the whole country, showing a younger trend, and air pollution is the culprit? Can 80 PM2.5 particles block an alveolus? Will smog make fresh lungs turn black for six days? Smoking smog for a day may lead to hemiplegia? Can smog lead to infertility? Smog makes people lose their lives for five and a half years?

　　truth In response to these questions, Academician Zhong Nanshan once said that "many data about smog carcinogenesis are taken out of context, exaggerated or tampered with".

　　In fact, from 2003 to 2012, excluding the aging factor, the average annual growth rate of lung cancer in Beijing was 1.2%. In 2011, the age-standardized incidence rate of lung cancer in Beijing was 23.53/100,000, while the latest standardized incidence rate of lung cancer in China was 25.34/100,000. It can be seen that the incidence rate of lung cancer in Beijing was slightly lower than the national average. The median age of lung cancer in Beijing in 2011 was 71 years old, which increased by 2 years compared with the median age of 69 years in 2002. It can be seen that the incidence of lung cancer in Beijing is not younger. Others, such as "80 PM2.5 particles can block an alveoli?" Will smog make fresh lungs turn black for six days? Smoking smog for a day may lead to hemiplegia? Can smog lead to infertility? Smog makes people lose their lives for five and a half years? " Such rumors, without scientific basis, have been confirmed as rumors by relevant authorities.

　　NASA

　　Pluto, once "Laojiu", has now been "reduced" to a dwarf planet.

　　Our reporter Gao Bo

　　Not long ago, two foreign astronomers put forward a bold idea: the ninth planet in the solar system, which is "hidden from time to time", is likely to be an original black hole.

　　There is a black hole in the solar system that controls distant celestial bodies? Some experts said that this is an interesting hypothesis, but it is difficult to confirm or falsify with the current observation ability.

　　The vacant throne, there are new contenders.

　　More than a decade ago, who was the ninth planet was clearly written in the textbook. In 1930, clyde tombaugh discovered PLUTO, equating it with Uranus and Neptune, giving it the magnificent Greek name "Prouteau", and the nine planets in the solar system became a kind of common sense knowledge.

　　However, scientists later realized that Pluto seems to be "far from enough to see" in the outer space of the solar system. Since 1992, some distant ice-stone structures have been discovered one after another, and their volume is similar to Pluto. In 2005, it was discovered that the planet Eris was 27% more massive than Pluto! Pluto can be counted as the ninth largest, and it’s unreasonable that Venus doesn’t rank tenth.

　　Astronomers made a decisive decision, and the 26th International Astronomical Union held in August, 2006 passed a resolution: Pluto was classified as a dwarf planet and removed from the nine planets in the solar system. Prouteau abdicated tragically and became an asteroid 134340.

　　But the throne of the ninth planet is not so easy to cancel. In recent five years, some new discoveries have led people to speculate that there may be a real "P9" (the ninth largest planet) in the solar system.

　　On September 24th, another newcomer joined the battle for the throne — — ArXiv.org posted a paper, and Jakub Scholtz of Durham University in Britain and James Unwin of the University of Illinois in the United States put forward a bold idea: the ninth planet in the solar system may be an original black hole.

　　Strange orbit, pointing to the hidden "P9"

　　Around 2014, astronomers discovered some celestial bodies in the Kuiper Belt (the area near the ecliptic plane outside Neptune’s orbit). When the orbit is far from the sun, it can reach hundreds of astronomical units (one astronomical unit is the distance between the sun and the earth). At first, this was explained as the gravitational scattering effect of Neptune. But soon, the conjecture of the new ninth planet was put forward.

　　In 2016, michael brown of California Institute of Technology and his colleagues discovered that six celestial bodies in the Kuiper Belt have strange orbits, and their perihelions all point in the same direction. It’s like six clocks that turn at different speeds, but the hands all point in the same direction. If Neptune was behind the scenes, their directions would have been scattered and not so concentrated.

　　Moreover, when the six celestial bodies are closest to the sun, the distance is more than 40 astronomical units, and the Neptune hypothesis is not easy to explain.

　　Michael brown and his colleagues calculated that the probability of "big guys pointing to accidental coincidence" is 0.007%— — It is more realistic to believe that there is a "big guy who has not yet appeared".

　　Zhou Liyong, an astronomer and professor at Nanjing University, said in an interview with Science and Technology Daily that many people opposed the existence of "P9" at first. With the continuous discovery in recent years, the statistical significance of confirming the existence of the ninth largest planet has gradually increased.

　　Although "P9" has not been observed, some people have speculated its parameters through computer simulation: it is 200 to 800 astronomical units away from the sun, and its mass is 5-mdash that of the earth; Ten times, it takes 30,000 years to circle the sun … …

　　It is not necessarily the earth that wanders, but it may also be a black hole.

　　Astronomers used to believe that the possibility of a new planet outside Neptune is very small, because the material in this area is too thin, and it takes too long to grow a big planet. But what if the solar system "plundered" a ready-made planet from the vast universe? This possibility is worth considering.

　　"In fact, there may be many wandering planets in the universe, just like in the movie ‘ Wandering earth ’ Same. " Xie Jiwei, an astronomer who studies extrasolar planets and an associate professor at Nanjing University, told the Science and Technology Daily reporter that one way to find extrasolar planets is called gravitational microlensing method, which is to capture the weak deformation of images — — The light is distorted by the mass of a celestial body along the way to find clues about the existence of exoplanets. In this way, we have observed many "clues", indicating that there are many "tramps" who are unorganized and undisciplined in the unknown darkness.

　　In the suspected area of "P9", the gravitational anomaly was observed in the optical gravitational lens experiment (OGLE). At least six gravitational microlensing events indicate the gravity anomaly in this area, suggesting the existence of a free-floating celestial body with a mass range of 5-mdash; Between 15 earth masses. The conjecture of "P9" is therefore encouraged.

　　The new paper by Schultz and Unwin speculates that this celestial body may not be a rogue planets, but a wandering black hole. It was drawn into the group by the solar system, which disturbed the orbit of the outer celestial bodies.

　　Generally speaking, black holes observed by astronomers are gathered after the death and collapse of stars. The original black hole that exists in the theoretical assumption is another matter. Hawking made a great contribution to this concept: it was a "cultural relic" that came into being shortly after BIGBANG.

　　The universe before the Big Bang was called the primordial universe by astronomers. The explosion of the original universe was uneven, and the energy density in the local space was too high. Without collapsing, it was compressed into points with infinite mass and surrounding black holes. This kind of black hole varies in size, and it may be as small as a particle. The general primary black hole is similar in mass to the common asteroids in the solar system.

　　These black holes then drift around the universe. Some are dissipated by Hawking radiation and melted like ice; Others absorb substances and grow, and survive to this day.

　　Schultz and Unwin pointed out that the abnormal orbits of celestial bodies outside Neptune, as well as some gravitational events, can be explained by the original black hole whose mass is several times that of the earth; An original black hole may be captured by the solar system and become the ninth planet; They proved that the possibility of this capture is worth considering.

　　Strict assumptions, there are still many voices of opposition.

　　"The idea of this paper is still very rigorous and standardized, not a guess." Xie Jiwei said, "but the author also said that this is only a possibility. Introducing the concept of black hole may be interesting and strange to everyone. But the next step is still impossible. Moreover, whether there is the ninth largest planet is still a problem. "

　　Schultz and Unwin said that if "P9" is an original black hole, it may pass through the peripheral "halo" — — The positive and negative electrons in the outer layer of a black hole annihilate the light to determine its existence. However, a planetary scientist told the Science and Technology Daily reporter that such observation is difficult to achieve because the black hole is small and uncertain in its location.

　　"I personally don’t like the idea of the original black hole." An expert engaged in planetary research told the Science and Technology Daily reporter, "It feels almost mystical — — Can explain some phenomena, but basically never see it. "

　　"The discoverer of Kuiper objects, David Jewitt, didn’t even believe in ‘ The ninth planet ’ The existence of. " The expert said that David Jewett said in a TV interview that he didn’t think "P9" existed. He believes that the black hole hypothesis reveals that scientists are eager to make "major discoveries". But this theory is far from the stage of verification.

　　An important reason for different opinions is that it is still difficult to observe celestial bodies outside Neptune at the current level of human technology. Although humans have observed thousands of extrasolar planets.

　　"I don’t know the true face of Lushan Mountain, but I am only in this mountain." Xie Jiwei said, "Observing exoplanets basically infers the situation of planets indirectly by observing the Ling Xing effect or Doppler effect of star spectra. The planets in the solar system can be directly observed. The brightness of a planet is inversely proportional to its distance from the sun. Celestial bodies that are too far away will receive weak light and reflect weaker light. "

　　The periphery is so vast and the celestial bodies are so dim. Beyond hundreds of astronomical units, it is still unknown.

　　Xie Jiwei said: "Many celestial bodies on the edge of the solar system were seen through the Hubble telescope; After the Weber telescope works, our observation level will improve a little. "

I drive a Camry (parameter picture) twin engine, and there are three shortcomings that are unacceptable, and it is really expensive to change the battery. I advise people who want to buy a hybrid car to think twice, otherwise it will be too late to regret it!

The automobile industry is experiencing a great change that has never happened in a hundred years, and it has become an inevitable trend to develop new energy vehicles.

Plug-in hybrid vehicles and pure electric vehicles are the main models in the future, while hybrid electric vehicles will be eliminated in the future!

This is the real reason why Corolla twin-engine, Camry twin-engine, CR-V and other hybrid vehicles can’t be on the "green card"!

However, at present, Toyota and Honda-based hybrid electric vehicles have achieved high sales, and many consumers are waiting to see and want to buy a hybrid electric vehicle.

So is the current hybrid car worth buying? What are the shortcomings?

Next, I will analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the hybrid car and how much it costs to replace the battery, hoping to give some valuable information to readers who want to buy a hybrid car.

What’s the difference between Toyota THS, Honda i-MMD and BYD DM-i? Did DM-i learn from Honda i-MMD?

We want to know whether the hybrid car is worth buying. First, we need to understand the working principle of the hybrid car, so as to understand the advantages and disadvantages of the hybrid car!

At present, Toyota THS and Honda i-MMD hybrid systems are the main hybrid vehicles. Although both of them are hybrid systems, their working principles are obviously different.

The working principles of Honda i-MMD and BYD DM-i are more similar, so Honda CR-V has two hybrid models, one is a hybrid electric vehicle, and the other is a plug-in hybrid vehicle.

Honda’s i-MMD oil-electric hybrid uses clutches to realize three driving modes.

The first pure electric modeWhen the engine does not work, the clutch of the power separation device is disconnected, the vehicle is directly driven by the motor, and the power battery provides the power source. At this time, the working principle is the same as that of a pure electric vehicle.

The second hybrid modeThe vehicle is still directly driven by the driving motor, and the engine works normally. At this time, the power clutch is disconnected, and the engine is only responsible for driving the motor to generate electricity, and does not directly participate in the driving.

At this time, the working mode is more like an extended-range electric vehicle, and the driving principle is the same as that of an extended-range electric vehicle in Li ONE, so the engine always runs at the highest efficiency and the fuel economy is very high.

The third engine direct drive modeThe engine is working, the power clutch is closed, and the driver controls the power output of the engine through the throttle. At this time, the working mode is the same as that of the fuel vehicle.

When the vehicle needs to overtake and speed up, the motor intervenes to drive, and the auxiliary engine drives the vehicle together. At this time, the vehicle has the strongest power.

The above three driving modes are basically consistent with the working principle of BYD DM-i. Some people think that DM-I borrowed the working principle of i-MMD, but as early as 2008, BYD introduced F3DM, which is the world’s first mass-produced dual-mode vehicle.

The working principle of BYD F3DM is not the same as that of the familiar Tang DM, but the same as that of the Song Plus DM-I. As for why it was not accepted by the market at that time, the main reason was that the engine carried by the F3DM was too poor.

The DM engine is equipped with a 1.0L three-cylinder engine, and its power output is not strong. In the hybrid mode, the power output is insufficient, which makes it impossible to play the advantages of the hybrid mode, so it was eliminated by the market.

In 2012, Honda released the i-MMD hybrid technology, and in 2013, it officially launched the production model, so it was not DM-i that borrowed from i-MMD.

Toyota THS has developed into THS II, which is much better than the previous generation and can be divided into two driving modes.

The first pure electric modeThe engine does not participate in the work and will not start, and the vehicle is driven entirely by the motor, which is the first difference from Honda i-MMD.

However, the pure electric mode of Toyota THS II has a disadvantage, taking Camry twin engines as an example.

Because the battery is only 1.3kwh, it can only be turned on when the power is sufficient, and the pure electric mode can only travel about 2KM, and the speed cannot exceed 50km/h, otherwise it will directly exit the pure electric mode.

It can be said that the pure electric mode of Camry dual-engine is relatively small, but the application scenarios are still relatively rich. For example, the pure electric mode can be enabled when moving cars in short distances, congested roads and queuing, which can avoid the engine idling for a long time.

On the one hand, it can avoid carbon deposition caused by long idle speed of the engine, on the other hand, the engine stops working to achieve the purpose of saving fuel.

The second hybrid mode, due to the working principle of Toyota THS II, is divided into two working states in hybrid mode.

The first working stateDuring normal driving, when the Toyota THS II exits the pure electric mode, the vehicle directly enters the hybrid mode, and the engine and motor drive the vehicle at the same time.

When the power output by the engine is greater than the driving force required by the vehicle, the engine will drive the generator to charge the battery.

The second working stateWhen speeding up overtaking, long-distance climbing and high-speed driving, the engine and motor will still drive the vehicle together, but the engine will use all the power to drive the vehicle and the generator will stop charging the battery.

The power battery also uses all the electricity for motor-driven vehicles, at which time the vehicle has the strongest power. Because Toyota THS II has no engine direct drive mode, this is the second difference from Honda i-MMD.

The first disadvantage, the characteristics of the hybrid working mode of oil and electricity, can’t be green, can’t be exempted from purchase tax, and the price is expensive, saving fuel but not saving money.

Whether Toyota’s THS II or Honda’s i-MMD, the energy for driving vehicles in pure electric mode still comes from fuel.

The cruising range of pure electricity is too short, and the motor is only an auxiliary function. The main driving mode is the engine.

Therefore, hybrid electric vehicles are not new energy vehicles, so they can’t get a green license, and they can’t enjoy the same exemption from purchase tax as plug-in hybrid vehicles.

Take Camry twin engines as an example. The starting price is 219,800 yuan, 40,000 yuan more than the fuel version of the entry-level Camry, and 20,000 yuan more than the fuel version of the Camry with the same configuration.

Imagine that the hybrid of oil and electricity does save fuel, but can it save fuel and money?

I’ll work out an account for you.

With the same configuration, the fuel consumption of the fuel version Camry is 5.7L； per 100 kilometers; The average fuel consumption of Camry twin engines is 4.1L per 100 kilometers.

• The dual-engine version saves 1.6L fuel consumption per 100 kilometers compared with the fuel version.
• No.95 gasoline is 7.51 yuan per liter.

Camry dual engine saves 12.016 yuan in fuel per 100 kilometers compared with the fuel version of Camry. Driving 100 kilometers can save fuel in 12 yuan. Is it worth buying a hybrid car?

If the extra 20,000 yuan for purchasing the dual-engine version is used as fuel money,

20 thousand yuan can buy 95 # gasoline 150200L L.

The dual-engine version saves 1.6L fuel consumption per 100 kilometers compared with the fuel version.

Then Camry twin engines need to travel 93,875 kilometers to save the extra 20,000 yuan.

However, more than 90,000 kilometers, in addition to operating vehicles, basically few car owners can save fuel and money.

If a private car travels 10,000 kilometers a year, it will take at least 9 years to save money on fuel return, so it is said that hybrid electric vehicles save fuel but not money.

Moreover, it is not the same as plug-in hybrid cars. Although plug-in hybrid cars are also fuel-efficient and do not save money, they can get a green card without purchase tax, which is suitable for car owners.

Therefore, the first unacceptable disadvantage of the hybrid electric vehicle is that it saves fuel and does not save money. With the working principle similar to that of the plug-in hybrid vehicle, it can’t be a green card!

The second disadvantage is that the engine is noisy.

The engine noise of hybrid electric vehicle is very loud, which I felt on Camry twin engines, but it is not disturbing all the time, mainly in two cases, the engine noise will be very obvious.

In the first case, the cold car starts.

When the battery is fed, the cold car starts again. At this time, the engine noise of Camry dual-engine will be very loud, and the engine noise can be felt in the whole underground garage. Sometimes it will be caused by traffic jams for a long time, which may be because the engine water temperature is low.

When the car is cold, the engine can’t reach the best state, but it needs to drive the motor to charge the battery, which leads to the noise of the engine increasing under the combination of these two States.

In the second case, when driving at high speed, the battery is strongly charged.

When the Camry twin engines are driving on the highway, the engine cannot directly drive the vehicle due to the hybrid characteristics of Toyota THS II, so the battery must be charged.

Because the vehicle runs at high speed, it requires high power. At this time, it is necessary to drive both the vehicle and the motor to charge the battery, which leads to insufficient engine power.

In order to complete these two working conditions at the same time, the engine can only increase the speed, because the self-priming engine can only obtain the best power output at high speed.

Therefore, when driving at high speed and the battery is strongly charged, the noise of the engine will become very large. If it is sensitive to noise, it will affect the driving experience.

The third disadvantage is that the battery capacity is too small, and the power connection will shake.

As mentioned earlier, the battery capacity of the Camry twin-engine is only 1.3kwh, so it can only travel at a low speed of about 2km, which means that the Camry twin-engine basically travels in hybrid mode.

However, when switching from pure electricity to hybrid mode, sometimes there will be jitter, sometimes very small, sometimes very large, and sometimes not at all.

This is related to the small battery capacity. When the battery feed is switched to the hybrid mode, the engine needs to drive the vehicle and the engine to generate electricity at the same time, so the engine power is insufficient, and the power connection jitter appears.

If the power is switched when the battery is fully charged, and the engine and the battery drive the vehicle at the same time, there will be no jitter.

Therefore, the jitter caused by too small a battery may be unavoidable. This shortcoming is actually good, but it is somewhat unacceptable for car owners who pursue perfection.

Replacing the battery is expensive, so drive carefully.

Toyota and Honda’s hybrid electric system can be said to be very mature, and they all adopt "shallow charging and shallow discharging" to extend the battery life.

As long as the battery capacity of Toyota THS system is lower than 60%, it will stop discharging directly, while that of Honda is 55%.

This has both advantages and disadvantages. The advantage is that the battery can always be kept at more than 50%, which can increase the number of battery cycles and prolong the battery life.

The disadvantage is that the battery capacity of the hybrid electric vehicle is very small, and it is lightly charged and discharged every time, which makes it impossible to switch the power output mode for a long distance, which may cause the body to shake.

Due to the protection methods adopted by Toyota and Honda for the power battery, under normal use, the battery will basically not decay to the point where it cannot be used normally or be damaged.

Moreover, Toyota guarantees the battery for 8 years or 200,000 kilometers, and Honda guarantees the battery for 10 years or 200,000 kilometers, so the owner does not have to worry about battery damage, and it is expensive to replace the battery.

However, if the battery is damaged by the owner, it is not cheap to replace a battery.

Theoretically, taking the Camry dual engine as an example, the battery capacity is only 1.3kwh. At present, the power battery is 1,300 yuan /kwh, and it is 1,300 yuan to change a battery, plus the working hours are up to 3,000 yuan.

In fact, according to the maintenance cost of replacing the power battery exposed by the owner, it is obvious that it cost 23,848 yuan to replace the battery.

Therefore, it is not cheap to replace the battery in a hybrid electric vehicle, but as long as you drive normally, you basically don’t have to worry about the cost of replacing the battery.

Advantages of hybrid gasoline-electric vehicle

Although I mentioned the disadvantages of hybrid electric vehicles, its advantages cannot be ignored.

1. Whether driving at high speed or in traffic jam, the fuel consumption is relatively stable, and the fuel consumption per 100 kilometers is basically about 5L, which is very suitable for car owners who often run long distances.

2. A tank of oil can run more than 1000 kilometers, so you don’t have to worry about mileage anxiety, and you don’t have to refuel frequently. In today’s fast pace of life, the time saved is money.

3. No matter under any working conditions, the power of the hybrid electric vehicle can come at any time, the power output is better than that of the fuel vehicle, and the power ride comfort and driving experience are incomparable to that of the fuel vehicle.

The extra cost of buying a hybrid electric car may not be able to save fuel and money, but the driving experience is great!

Write it at the end

Hybrid cars are worth buying, but not for everyone.

If you don’t use cars frequently, don’t run at high speed, and just commute to work, then a fuel car is enough.

If there are requirements for power, endurance and long-distance driving, then a hybrid electric vehicle is worth buying.

If you buy a hybrid electric car just to save money, then I advise you to think twice. Actually, it doesn’t save money. If you buy it rashly, it’s too late to regret it!

At present, some unscrupulous operators sell fake and shoddy drugs by packaging them as "magic doctors" and "magic medicines", fooling the elderly into buying them and illegally seeking huge profits.In this regard, the China Consumers Association reminds elderly consumers to improve their awareness of risk prevention and self-protection ability.

Drugs without an approval number are counterfeit. Don’t buy drugs through informal channels.

First, we should buy drugs through regular channels such as hospitals and pharmacies, and carefully check the approval number of drugs. Except for Chinese herbal medicines and Chinese herbal pieces that are not subject to examination and approval management, drugs listed in China shall be approved by the drug supervision and administration department of the State Council, and can be listed only after obtaining the drug registration certificate and approval number, so as to ensure the safety, effectiveness and quality controllability of drugs. Consumers should try to choose hospitals, clinics, pharmacies and other formal places (including e-commerce platforms) that hold the Drug Business License and Business License to buy drugs, and carefully check the approval number (national medicine quasi-font number) and expiration date of drugs. Consumers can make inquiries and verification on the website of National Medical Products Administration. Consumers should never buy drugs that have no approval number or can’t find the information of national medicine quasi-brand name on National Medical Products Administration website, so as to avoid being infringed by counterfeit drugs.

In May, 2021, Wenzhou Market Supervision Bureau of Zhejiang Province announced a typical case of "Iron Fist" action in the field of people’s livelihood in the city recently, one of which was "Longwan District Market Supervision Bureau investigated and dealt with Yang Mobin’s suspected case of producing and selling counterfeit drugs". On February 25th, 2021, law enforcement officers of Yongxing Institute of Longwan District Market Supervision Bureau inspected Yang Mobin’s residence according to the report clues, and found 8 bottles of "new gout specific medicine", and the outer packaging was marked with "Function indication: acute and chronic gout, this medicine has the effects of expelling wind and removing dampness, dispelling cold and relieving pain & HELIP; …” Words such as, in line with the definition of drug, but the product has not obtained the drug approval document. The above drugs were tested by Wenzhou Food and Drug Inspection Science Research Institute, and dexamethasone was detected. Yang Mobin’s act of selling the above-mentioned counterfeit drugs is suspected of violating the provisions of Article 141 of the Criminal Law, which constitutes the crime of selling counterfeit drugs. At present, the case has been transferred to Longwan Branch of Wenzhou Public Security Bureau for investigation according to law.

Foods with significant medical effects are likely to be illegally added with drugs.Products are harmful to health.

Food is not medicine, and it has no effect on treating diseases. For some "foods" that claim to be able to treat diseases, they are either false propaganda or drugs are probably illegally added. Long-term consumption of such "food" will bring great health risks to consumers.

Among the typical cases of the fourth batch of 2021 cases in the field of people’s livelihood investigated and dealt with by the General Administration of Market Supervision on August 24th, there was a case in which the Market Supervision Bureau of Jiyuan City, Henan Province investigated and dealt with Huang and others selling illegally added drugs and food. On July 5, 2021, Jiyuan Municipal Market Supervision Bureau received complaints from consumers, saying that the pollen yam tablet candy it bought in Huangmou had a very good hypoglycemic effect after taking it, but at the same time there were a series of adverse reactions. After inspection, glibenclamide was detected in the product. Glibenclamide is a prescription western medicine with obvious hypoglycemic effect. Because of the obvious side effects, long-term large-scale use will cause hypoglycemia and kidney disease, and even lead to death, so the drug can only be used by specific people and needs to be taken under the guidance of a doctor. The behavior of the parties concerned is suspected of violating the provisions of Article 38 of the Food Safety Law "No drugs shall be added to the food produced and operated" and the provisions of Article 144 of the Criminal Law, which constitutes toxic and harmful food in production and sales. At present, the case has been transferred to the public security organs.

"imperial doctor"The "magic medicine" is a false advertisement. Don’t lose your health in pursuit of it.

In order to obtain economic benefits, some unscrupulous operators publish false and illegal advertisements involving traditional Chinese medicine, and induce consumers to buy and use them through false or exaggerated curative effects. This behavior not only affects the healthy and orderly development of Chinese medicine, but also adversely affects the life, health and safety of consumers.

In the fifth batch of typical cases of investigating and handling "Tiequan" in 2021 people’s livelihood cases announced by the General Administration of Market Supervision on September 29, there was a case that "Qilihe District Market Supervision Bureau of Lanzhou City, Gansu Province investigated and dealt with the false advertising case published by Gansu Zhuoyuantang Internet Hospital Co., Ltd. according to law". On March 17, 2021, the Qilihe District Market Supervision Bureau conducted an on-site inspection of Meilin County Chinese Medicine Clinic of Gansu Zhuoyuantang Internet Hospital Co., Ltd. according to the clues reported, and found a large number of "Product Introduction — Ninger Formula, Product Introduction — The advertising materials of the product "Huofei Prescription" are printed with the words "ancient prescription and ancient method for collecting and processing drugs". After investigation, the company published "Lanzhou Zhuoyuantang Chinese Medicine Museum — — The article "Pioneer of online diagnosis and treatment" promotes "the annual number of medical visits is more than 100,000"; The first online consultation Internet hospital in Lanzhou — 　 — The article "Zhuoyuantang Chinese Medicine Hospital" promotes "specially invited Chinese medicine academicians, Chinese medicine masters and outstanding Chinese medicine experts inside and outside the province" and other contents. At the same time,The company’s customer service staff publicized "guarantee never to recur" to patients through online consultation; We use the secret recipe for more than 200 years ","the average cure rate is over 95% "and" to ensure that it will never recur; There are hundreds of thousands of rehabilitation cases and so on. The company’s advertising is inconsistent with the facts and seriously misleads the public. The above-mentioned behavior of the parties violates the relevant provisions of Articles 16 and 28 of the Advertising Law and is an illegal act of publishing false advertisements. Qilihe District Market Supervision Bureau imposed an administrative penalty of 800,000 yuan on the parties according to law.

On the evening of February 22nd, Chengqiao Police Station of Chongming Branch of Shanghai Public Security Bureau and Law Enforcement Brigade of District Agriculture and Rural Committee launched a joint law enforcement operation, and arrested a suspect suspected of illegal fishing and seized a set of anchor fish equipment in the core area of conservation zone, a national aquatic germplasm of Coilia ectenes in the west of chengqiao town.

At about 22 o’clock that day, when the police and fishery law enforcement officers jointly patrolled a certain place in the waters, they found a suspicious man with a flashlight on the groin, suspected of illegally anchoring fish in the Yangtze River. Police and fishery law enforcement officers immediately went to check and dispose, and arrested the suspect Zhang Moumou on the spot, and seized one set of anchor fish equipment and three silver carp, about 47 kg.

According to the confession of the criminal suspect Zhang Moumou, he took advantage of the night to bring anchor fish equipment to the riverside for fishing in order to satisfy his craving. After verification, it was found that the anchor fish equipment was prohibited by law, and Zhang Moumou was suspected of committing a crime. At present, the public security organs have taken criminal compulsory measures against Zhang Moumou according to law, and the case is under further investigation.

The reporter learned that since February 1, 2022, the Yangtze River swordfish national aquatic germplasm resources protection core area west of Zhangwang Port (inclusive) and Beibao Port (inclusive) of Chongming Island, and the Chinese sturgeon nature reserve in the Yangtze River estuary of Shanghai, east of Shanghai Yangtze River Bridge and east of Beiba Port (inclusive) of Chongming Island, are no-fishing areas. Fishing activities for leisure and entertainment can be carried out in other areas (including inland rivers), and the fishing behavior is limited to "one person, one pole, one line and one hook".

At present, the Yangtze River "ten-year fishing ban" is being implemented. The Chongming Branch of the Public Security Bureau and the District Agriculture and Rural Committee will continue to maintain a high-pressure and strict management situation, increase daily supervision, severely crack down on illegal fishing behaviors such as "anchoring fish" and illegal fishing behaviors, protect the ecological environment of Chongming waters, and ensure the effectiveness of the "ten-year fishing ban" in the Yangtze River. ?

Schematic diagram of closed fishing areas in Shanghai and its surrounding waters

Policy Questions and Answers on "Ten-year Fishing Ban"

ask

Why should we implement a "ten-year fishing ban" on the Yangtze River?

answer

The Yangtze River is one of the rivers with the richest aquatic biodiversity in the world. However, under the rapid and extensive economic development model in the past few decades, the water environment of the Yangtze River has been destroyed more and more seriously. At present, the biological integrity index of the Yangtze River has reached the worst level of "no fish", so it is urgent to ban fishing and let the Yangtze River recuperate. ?

ask

When did the "ten-year fishing ban" begin?

answer

From January 1, 2021, the "ten-year fishing ban" was fully launched. From 0: 00 on January 1, 2021 to 24: 00 on December 31, 2030, the Yangtze River was temporarily closed for 10 years, during which the productive fishing of natural fishery resources was prohibited. ?

ask

What are the forbidden fishing areas of the Yangtze River involving Chongming?

answer

Within the jurisdiction of this area, the waters of the main stream of the Yangtze River and the Yangtze River Estuary Chinese sturgeon Nature Reserve and the Chongming section of the Yangtze River Coilia ectenes national aquatic germplasm in conservation zone. The specific scope is: east to 122 degrees 15 minutes east longitude, west to the west of Chongxi sluice, bordering Taicang City, Suzhou City, and the northern branch of the Yangtze River bordering Haimen City and Qidong City respectively.

Specifically, it is the waters of the Yangtze River estuary that are connected with natural waters along the seawall and the outside of the sluice within the above range. The coastline is more than 350 kilometers long and the water area is more than 2,400 square kilometers. ?

ask

What is the prohibition of fishing in Chongming inland waters?

answer

Fishing without a license is prohibited in inland waters all the year round, and the inland fishing period is from 12: 00 on February 16th to 12: 00 on May 16th. It is strictly forbidden to use cage, electric fishing and other prohibited fishing gear to fish in fishing method. If the circumstances are serious, criminal responsibility will be investigated. ?

ask

Which areas in this area are prohibited from fishing?

answer

1. East of Yangtze River Bridge

2. West of Zhangwang Port (inclusive)

3. East of North Baji (inclusive)

4. West of Beibao Port (inclusive)

ask

What are the precautions for fishing in Chongming District?

answer

1. Fishing activities for leisure and entertainment can be carried out outside the prohibited fishing area (including inland rivers), and the principle of "one person, one pole, one line and one hook" can be strictly observed.

2. It is forbidden to use baits, nest materials and additives containing toxic and harmful substances, and bait for live aquatic organisms such as fish and shrimp.

3. It is forbidden to use any form of visual fishing gear to fish or anchor fish.

4 prohibit the use of boats, boats, rafts, floating platforms and other floating objects for fishing.

ask

What are the rules for fishing catches?

answer

1. It is forbidden to buy and sell catches, and it is forbidden for fishing catches to enter the market circulation.

2. Fishing of rare and endangered aquatic wild animals protected by the state is strictly prohibited, and those caught by mistake shall be reported to the fishery administrative department in a timely manner, and the rescue work shall be carried out in a timely manner.

ask

What kind of punishment will illegal fishing in the no-fishing area face?

answer

1. Fishing in the key waters of the Yangtze River Basin or bringing prohibited fishing gear into the no-fishing area during the no-fishing period shall be ordered to make corrections and a fine of less than 1,000 yuan may be imposed.

2 constitute other illegal acts, shall be punished in accordance with the "Yangtze River Protection Law", "Fisheries Law" and other laws or administrative regulations.

3. If the circumstances are serious enough to constitute a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.

ask

What kind of punishment will you face when purchasing, processing and selling catches?

answer

1. Confiscate the catch and its products and illegal income, and impose a fine of not less than ten times but not more than twenty times the value of the goods.

2. If the circumstances are serious, the relevant production and business license shall be revoked or ordered to close down.

ask

What kind of punishment will you face in manufacturing and selling prohibited fishing gear?

answer

The fishing gear and illegal income illegally manufactured and sold shall be confiscated and a fine of less than 10,000 yuan shall be imposed.

ask

How to punish those who engage in fishing activities in the no-fishing area or during the no-fishing period in violation of regulations?

answer

Fishing in violation of the provisions on closed fishing areas and closed fishing periods, or fishing with prohibited fishing gear, fishing methods and nets smaller than the minimum mesh size, or if the juvenile fish in the catch exceeds the prescribed proportion, the catch and illegal income shall be confiscated and a fine of less than 50,000 yuan shall be imposed; If the circumstances are serious, the fishing gear shall be confiscated and the fishing license shall be revoked; If the circumstances are particularly serious, the fishing boat may be confiscated; If a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.

Article 38 of the Fisheries Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC)

ask

In violation of regulations, engaging in fishing activities in closed fishing areas and closed fishing periods constitutes a crime. How to punish them?

answer

Whoever, in violation of the laws and regulations on the protection of aquatic resources, catches aquatic products in prohibited fishing areas or fishing seasons or uses prohibited tools and methods, if the circumstances are serious, shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years, criminal detention, public surveillance or a fine.

Article 340th of the Criminal Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) [Crime of Illegal Fishing of Aquatic Products]

ask

What acts are in violation of administrative regulations? What acts are criminal offences?

answer

Three key nodes: whether it is in the no-fishing zone (period); Whether to use prohibited fishing gear and fishing methods; Is the plot serious?

1 illegal fishing of aquatic products of more than 500 kilograms or more than 10,000 yuan is a criminal offence.

2. It is a criminal offence to illegally fish the fry of aquatic animals with important economic value, pregnant parents or fish aquatic products of more than 50 kilograms or more than 1,000 yuan in the aquatic germplasm conservation zone.

3. It is a criminal offence to use fried fish, poisonous fish, electric fish and other methods to destroy fishery resources in the closed fishing area (period), or to use prohibited fishing gear, fishing methods and nets smaller than the minimum mesh size for fishing.

4. It is an administrative violation to use non-prohibited fishing gear and fishing methods in the no-fishing area (period) and fail to meet the standard of the number or amount of criminal cases filed.

5. It is a criminal offence to reach the standard of the number or amount of criminal cases filed.

ask

What is the social atmosphere of the Yangtze River in this area?

answer

1. Do not catch on the water; 2. The market does not sell; 3. The restaurant doesn’t do it; 4. People don’t eat

ask

What should I do after discovering clues that may be suspected of illegal fishing or illegal fishing?

answer

When the masses find clues about illegal and criminal acts, they can call the following number to make complaints and reports.

110 (Public Security)

12345 (Citizen Hotline)

59621692 (fishery administration)

Reporter: Xu Cong.

Part of the content: district arrest ban office

Editor: Chen Jinyuan

Editor: lin li and Chen Jinyuan