Special feature of 1905 film network From the extension of the Spring Festival to the re-release, just as the movie poster wrote, I pursued my "comeback against the wind" with the attitude of "not being optimistic".

It’s not easy to make sports movies, and it’s even harder to make them well.moreoverChina Ping PongWhat I want to tell is the story of China’s competitive sports "Ace Teacher" and the world table tennis overlord. Follow the characters to "cross" back to the moment of preparing for the World Table Tennis Championships 30 years ago, starringTimmy Xu、Duan Bowen、Cai Yida、guansen dingIn an exclusive interview with the 1905 film network, I admitted that, like most viewers, I couldn’t imagine where to start writing, which was enough to match the glory of China men’s table tennis.

Cai Yida, Timmy Xu, Duan Bowen, Ding Guansen (from left to right)

In the end, the "Five Tigers" met in the trough before the Jedi counterattack: failure, regret, injury and doubt … … Competitive sports has never been an overnight success. Why can China table tennis become the "strongest king"? They gave the answer with the 1995 World Table Tennis Championships.

Before becoming the "big devil"

The average age of the "Five Tigers" in "China Table Tennis Fight Back" was less than 30 years old when shooting, among which Dong Shuai was even "After 05". Compared with the training in ball skills, it is more important for them to find their own fulcrum close to the role from the real events and prototype characters of the year more quickly and accurately.

At that time, the Five Tigers were a special group of "representatives" of China men’s table tennis. They were not only the strongest players in the whole system, but also the hope and "undertaker" of China table tennis. The five men are different in age and style of play, each with its own characteristics, but the ultimate goal is only one: to help the men’s team play a "turnaround battle" in the shortest time before the World Table Tennis Championships.

It was the most difficult period of table tennis in China. On the one hand, compared with the fast-moving European rivals and the "old rivals" in Asia, our talents had a certain "broken file"; On the other hand, the targeted research on China in tactics by countries all over the world has also made our traditional dominant "first three boards" technology gradually lose its leading position.

The backwardness in concept, experience and training means has made China men’s table tennis fail many times. It was at this time that the "Five Tigers" were assembled by the new coaching staff from all echelons.

Duan Bowen, who plays Huang Zhao, is unanimously recognized as the most similar prototype in China Ping Pong. In order to achieve this effect, he needs to gain 30 pounds while doing a lot of exercise. However, being fat is more than just pursuing superficial "looking like". In the director’s view, this weight has become the "soul" of this role to some extent.

Duan Bowen revealed that Wang Tao played raw rubber backhand, and this time his practice in the film was mainly based on fast break of raw rubber backhand. Nowadays, this technology is not used much in the field, but Wang Tao fought against opponents from all over the world with backhand raw rubber. It is precisely because of "fat" that he has a strong enough core strength to support his own play, and the speed of backhand has become the main "killer" of Huang Zhao in the film.

The similarity between Duan Bowen and the prototype has been recognized by one of the "Five Tigers" and Ma Wenge, the technical director of China Table Tennis. Having really experienced the "lowest period" of China men’s table tennis, the former champion was particularly excited to see this story put on the big screen.

It is an unforgettable and valuable experience for Timmy Xu, who plays this character, to have a prototype directed by the crew at close range.

Before the film was released, his "face-changing" makeup was once on the hot search list, and "I can’t recognize Timmy Xu" became the feeling mentioned by the most viewers. Pull out eyebrows and apply black powder … … However, compared with making an issue of "face", Timmy Xu wants to be closer to the characters from the point of view.

"The change of appearance is only the most basic. The athletes at that time were actually in a different mood from the young people today. I was more (thinking) about feeling their spirit at that time. "

Seeing the "1995 World Table Tennis Championships" again on the set, Ma Wenge, as the technical director, felt that several actors really had the "Five Tigers" status and momentum, and he seemed to recall the feeling of winning every ball in that year. This is the most emotional game: there is excitement in front of the people in my hometown, tension in the face of the final "life and death", and pressure to fight a turnaround for many years.

However, for the actors who experienced this historical moment for the first time and the audience who saw the past behind the Wesling Cup through the lens for the first time, the "Jedi counterattack" presented in China Table Tennis has far exceeded the victory itself.

Looking at this "dream team" that dominates the world, we always have the confidence that "China table tennis will not lose". But at that time, it was more like an endless road and a group of "underdogs" in front of the "Five Tiger Generals". No one knows whether the result of hard work is to win or fail again, so before becoming the "big devil", be an invincible "Xiaoqiang".

It’s never "can’t lose", but it’s not afraid to lose or admit defeat. "If others have practiced for 1000 times, we will practice for 10,000 times", which is the China table tennis spirit that people are most proud of.

Today’s "Ma Long",is the answer of China table tennis for 30 years.

"How far are you from the world champion of the real national team?" During the filming of Ping Pong in China, Ding Guansen, who played the role of Liu Guoliang as the director of his youth in the film, chatted with the members of the second national team who assisted in the filming.

"In my heart, they are already one in a million," Ding Guansen recalled, "but he said,’ Guansen, I tell you, I play with Malone, and you play with Malone, and the result is the same. "Can only score by Malone’s mistakes.

When hearing this sentence, Ding Guansen admitted that he and several other teammates "stood up": "I really realized how cruel competitive sports are. And why can China table tennis be so powerful? Because there have been layers of people trying to go up. "

Ma Wenge, the technical director, including Ding Song and Kong Linghui in the "Five Tigers", once recognized the technical movements of several young people after watching them hit the ball: "The curve and speed of the ball are really real, and the playing posture can’t be exactly the same, but it’s not easy to achieve this level in a short time."

However, during the interview, several young actors "denied" their training achievements for more than 8 months in unison: Do you want to imitate any "killer" in front of the camera?

What I have learned in these months is just the fur in the fur.Through actual combat and training, they actually felt the "China table tennis" inside story, and they also had a completely different understanding of competitive sports and China sports "dream team".

"Director Deng Chao often says that this is not a story about success, but this film is about how to face failure." At the beginning of receiving the project invitation, Timmy Xu, like the vast majority of the audience, could not imagine where the glory of China table tennis should be most convincing.

The special "trough period" 30 years ago became the most suitable entrance.Every word is brilliant, but every word is brilliant: "Only this turnaround in 1995 laid a good foundation for the decades after (China table tennis)." Kong Linghui, who was still a "young player" in the team, said this after learning the story of China Ping-Pong.

Up to now, China has won the Wesling Cup 22 times. In the last 10 World Table Tennis Championships, the China table tennis men’s team has never let this honor fall by.

"Why is table tennis in China prosperous now? It is because so many predecessors were sweating and bleeding at that time, casting our last Great Wall. This history is worth being understood by more people (through this film), and they are the only ones who have table tennis in China now." Ding Guansen regrets.

Competitive sports has never been a smooth sailing "cool article". "When you choose to be an athlete, you choose the most difficult road."

"China Table Tennis" is a complete core of China sports "Dream Team" with its hard work on the field and cruelty outside the field. Now, the success of "Malone" is the most satisfactory answer to China’s ping-pong spirit.

　　Core reading

　　In the first quarter, the national banking insurance supervision system received a total of 22,651 complaints about insurance consumption, which was 9.90% lower than the same period of last year, but it was still running at a high level. The fundamental reason is that insurance companies have not really established the business philosophy of customer first, the awareness of protecting consumers’ rights and interests is weak, the implementation of the main responsibility is not in place, especially the management and control of sales behavior is weak. In this regard, the regulatory authorities have further strengthened the investigation and punishment of misleading insurance sales, organized and carried out "precision strike action", strictly rectified, dealt with quickly, and paid more attention to accountability, played a warning and deterrent role, and better protected the legitimate rights and interests of consumers.

　　Recently, the Insurance Regulatory Commission of the Bank of China, in combination with the evaluation of handling complaints about insurance consumption in 2017, held supervision talks with the principal leaders of 10 insurance companies, including Xinhua Life Insurance, China Life Insurance, People’s Life Insurance, Sunshine Life Insurance, Taikang Life Insurance, Zhonghua Property Insurance, Yongan Property Insurance, Taiping Property Insurance, Yingda Property Insurance and Zhongan Online, which ranked lower in complaint handling evaluation.

　　According to industry insiders, it is the first time that executives of various companies have been interviewed by the regulatory authorities, which reflects the determination of the regulatory authorities to protect consumer rights.

　　In recent years, with the improvement of people’s living standards, insurance products and services not only cover all walks of life, but also go deeper into people’s lives. While residents’ awareness of insurance consumption has been significantly improved, various consumer disputes have followed suit, and consumer complaints have emerged in large numbers.

　　What are the "hot spots" of these complaints? What are the deep-seated problems behind the development of the industry? How to improve? Our reporter interviewed the heads of relevant departments in China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission.

　　Insurance complaints are still running at a high level, and claims disputes and sales disputes are more prominent.

　　The data shows that in the first quarter of this year, the national banking insurance supervision system received a total of 22,651 complaints about insurance consumption, which was 9.90% lower than the same period of last year, but it was still running at a high level. In terms of property insurance, consumer complaints involved 10,944 pieces of property insurance. Among them, there are 8628 claims disputes, accounting for 78.84% of the total property insurance complaints. The claims disputes are still dominated by auto insurance claims, which mainly reflect the disputes over liability identification in the stage of loss determination and compensation, the slow limitation of claims, the disagreement over the amount of claims, the disputes over the reasons for refusing claims, and the claims disputes caused by the failure to explain the obligations of underwriting.

　　In terms of personal insurance, consumer complaints involved 11,707 personal insurances. Among them, there were 4,907 complaints about sales disputes, accounting for 41.92% of the total complaints about personal insurance, which mainly reflected the exaggeration of insurance liability or income, the failure to truthfully explain the important contract contents such as insurance period, consequences of failure to pay fees on time, loss of termination and maturity of payment, and false and untrue propaganda. There were 3246 complaints about claims disputes, accounting for 27.73%, which mainly reflected the disputes about responsibility identification, slow limitation of claims and the amount of claims. There were 1140 complaints about surrender disputes, accounting for 9.74%, mainly reflecting the disputes over surrender amount and the slow time limit for surrender. In terms of types of insurance, complaints about insurance services such as sickness insurance and medical insurance increased significantly, with a year-on-year increase of 41.63%.

　　"The complaint data and the market operation mastered by the regulatory authorities also confirm each other." The relevant responsible comrades in China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission said, "For example, in personal insurance complaints, sales disputes are relatively concentrated. In 2017, complaints caused by insurance sales accounted for 45.60% of personal insurance complaints, and complaints caused by misleading insurance liability or income accounted for more than 80% of sales disputes."

　　"There are many insurance complaints. The fundamental reason is that insurance companies have not really established the business philosophy of customer first, consumers’ awareness of protection of rights and interests is weak, and the implementation of the main responsibility is not in place, especially the management and control of sales behavior is weak." He said that the problem of some insurance companies "focusing on front-end sales but neglecting back-end claims, focusing on performance and neglecting services" is more prominent, and it is difficult to meet the growing insurance demand of consumers. At the same time, some marketers have unilaterally explained product terms and deliberately concealed important contents of insurance contracts, infringing on the right to know and legitimate interests of insurance consumers.

　　"The sales behavior of quick success and instant benefit not only damages the legitimate rights and interests of consumers, but also damages the reputation of insurance institutions and the social image of the industry." The person in charge said.

　　Internet insurance complaints have increased, and flight delay insurance and travel accident insurance are hot spots for complaints.

　　The chronic disease has not been removed, and the troubles are coming again. In recent years, complaints about Internet sales channels have increased rapidly. In 2017, insurance regulators received a total of 4,303 complaints about Internet sales channels, an increase of 52.64% over the same period in 2016. Among them, flight delay insurance, travel accident insurance, return freight insurance and hotel cancellation insurance sold through the Internet are the "hardest hit areas" for complaints.

　　Insiders pointed out that the reason for the surge in Internet insurance complaints is that the sales method is not suitable for fully protecting the legitimate rights and interests of consumers. Different from face-to-face sales, online insurance mostly explains insurance clauses, insurance liabilities and other contents to consumers by means of "tick reading", which easily causes consumers to ignore or misunderstand important information that affects their insurance coverage, leading to contradictions and disputes in later claims settlement. Second, the service package does not match the speed of business development. Online new business has expanded its territory, but there are not enough physical service outlets and personnel to match it offline; The data systems of some third-party Internet platforms are lagging behind, and they can’t be connected with the business systems of insurance companies in real time, resulting in the problems that consumers can’t inquire about insurance policies and enjoy insurance services in time after being insured. Third, when some large Internet platforms cooperate with insurance companies, they are in an advantageous position in terms of capital, information, customer resources, etc. The latter is difficult to effectively control their sales behavior, and it is easy to cause complaints.

　　"There are still some insurance companies that lack the scientificity and rigor of product design and development in pursuit of explosions and eye-catching, which is easy to lead to insurance consumption disputes." China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, the responsible comrade, said that the regulatory authorities have been continuously cracking down on old problems and new problems.

　　On May 28th this year, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission notified the administrative penalty decision of Quanzhou Central Branch of PICC Life Insurance Company. On the one hand, the company deceived the insured, lied that the product was sold within 7 days, and stated that "6% of the latest interest rates of major banks have been killed" and "the company enjoys dividend every year". At the same time, it refused to provide relevant information to the inspection team, which hindered supervision and inspection according to law. To this end, the company was fined 250,000 yuan, and the responsible person was severely dealt with.

　　The regulatory authorities will continue to maintain strict punishment and strict accountability.

　　The main problems of the 10 insurance companies interviewed this time focus on the high number of complaints about insurance consumption, the inadequate implementation of the complaint handling system, and more complaints about sales disputes and claims disputes. In addition to the top leaders, business department heads who caused more complaints were also required to participate in regulatory talks.

　　The responsible persons of the insurance companies interviewed all said that they would strictly implement the regulatory requirements, rectify within a time limit, properly handle complaints and disputes with effective measures, continuously improve their operating level and service quality, and effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of consumers.

　　"To purify the insurance market and protect consumers’ rights and interests, we must fight a tough battle and fight a protracted war." China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, the responsible comrade, said that the regulatory authorities will adhere to the "people-centered" regulatory concept, solidly promote the work of rectifying market chaos, severely investigate and deal with all kinds of illegal acts that harm consumers’ legitimate rights and interests, and continue to strengthen the management of misleading insurance sales and difficult claims.

　　Recently, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, China has further strengthened its efforts to investigate and punish misleading insurance sales, organized a "precision strike operation", strictly rectified, dealt with quickly, and paid more attention to accountability, playing a warning and deterrent role. "The regulatory authorities will continue to maintain a high-pressure situation of strict punishment and strict accountability for violations of laws and regulations, rectify and standardize market order, and better implement the protection of consumers’ legitimate rights and interests, forming a normal state." The person in charge said.

　　Insiders pointed out that after the merger of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, supervision showed stronger execution — — In view of misleading bank insurance sales, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission recently hit a heavy blow. According to the report of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission official website on June 6, the contents of insurance period and annualized rate of return declared by Sunshine Life Insurance when selling products were seriously inconsistent with the provisions of the insurance contract, which deceived the insured, and the illegal acts of Hohhot Jiadi Sub-branch of Bank of China, which allowed the insurance company staff to stay in the office to sell, participate in the bank’s agency insurance sales and "double record" work, Administrative penalties were imposed according to law: the insurance institutions involved were stopped accepting new business from banks for one year and fined 600,000 yuan; the banks involved stopped accepting new business from agency insurance for one year and fined 300,000 yuan; and the relevant responsible persons were also warned and fined.

SAIC owns many automobile brands, including SAIC Volkswagen, SAIC-GM Buick, SAIC-GM Chevrolet, SAIC-GM Cadillac, SAIC Volkswagen Skoda, SAIC-GM Wuling, SAIC Roewe, SAIC MG, SAIC Chase, Nanjing Iveco, Shenwo Bus and SAIC Hongyan. The main business of SAIC covers the R&D, production and sales of complete vehicles (including passenger cars and commercial vehicles) and parts (including engines, gearboxes, power transmission, chassis, interior and exterior decorations, electronic appliances, etc.), automobile service trade business such as logistics, vehicle information, used cars, and automobile finance business. The main vehicle companies affiliated to SAIC include passenger car companies, commercial vehicle companies, Shanghai Volkswagen, Shanghai GM, SAIC-GM-Wuling, Nanjing Iveco, SAIC Iveco Hongyan, Shanghai Shenwo and so on.

SAIC Volkswagen is currently responsible for the production and sales of Volkswagen and Skoda, and its products cover A0, A, B, C, SUV, MPV and other market segments. Volkswagen brand models include Polo family, New Santana family, Lavida family, Lamando brand, New Passat brand new Passat, PHIDEON Huiang, Tiguan Silk Road version, All New Tiguan L brand new Tiguan L, Teramont Touran and Touran brand. Skoda brand models include Fabia Jing Rui, Rapid Xin Rui, Rapid Spaceback Xin Dong, Octavia Ming Rui, Superb Express, Yeti and KODIAQ.

SAIC General Motors Co., Ltd. is a joint venture between China SAIC and American General Motors Co., Ltd. It owns three brands, Buick, Chevrolet and Cadillac, and its product lineup includes more than 20 series, covering SUV, car, MPV, hybrid and pure electric vehicle. Among them, Volkswagen brand models include Polo family, New Santana family, Lavida family, Lamando, New Passat brand new Passat, PHIDEON Hui ‘ang, Tiguan Silk Road Edition, All New Tiguan L brand new Tiguan L, Teramont Touran and Touran, etc.

The business scope of SAIC is very extensive, including not only the R&D, production and sales of complete vehicles (including passenger cars and commercial vehicles) and parts (including engines, gearboxes, power transmission, chassis, interior and exterior decorations, electronic appliances, etc.), but also the automobile service trade business such as logistics, on-board information and used cars, as well as the automobile finance business. The main vehicle companies affiliated to SAIC include passenger car companies, commercial vehicle companies, Shanghai Volkswagen, Shanghai GM, SAIC-GM-Wuling, Nanjing Iveco, SAIC Iveco Hongyan, Shanghai Shenwo and so on.

　　On December 23rd, the Office of the US Trade Representative announced that it had launched a 301 investigation against the chip industry in China. The target of this survey is mainly the mature process chips in China.

　　In the past few years, we have the impression that the United States is more concerned about advanced process chips. The United States has done the same. From products to technology and manufacturing equipment, every time the United States introduces trade restrictions, it is restricting China from acquiring advanced process chips from different dimensions.

　　But now, America’s goal has changed.

　　How to understand such a change?

　　This time, there are many clues about the changes in the United States in the official notice of the United States launching the 301 investigation.

　　In the notice, the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative mentioned that it would investigate whether there is overcapacity in China’s chips and the dependence of downstream industries in the United States on China caused by these chips.

　　The reason why these investigation directions are related to the specific problems that the United States is worried about.

　　Recently, the U.S. government completed a study, and according to the research results, two-thirds of American products use mature process chips from China.

　　For this phenomenon of "dependence" on China chips, the US government has a great anxiety.

　　In the eyes of the US government, the development of China’s chip enterprises not only means that the market share and jobs of American chip enterprises have been "robbed", but also means that China has more chips and "threatens" the safety of the American industrial chain.

　　Therefore, according to the "investigation results", the United States will decide whether to impose tariffs or introduce other measures to prevent China chips from entering the US market.

　　In this way, many people can feel that the American rhetoric is already a cliche — — From the relatively elementary manufacturing industries such as chemicals and textiles in previous years to the electric vehicles in recent two years, as long as China has established an advantage in the global market, the United States has initiated investigations and imposed tariffs on the grounds of "disrupting market order at low prices" and "threatening American economic security".

　　However, after inquiring about the data of China’s export of chips to the United States, Mr. Tan found that things were not so simple.

　　△ Since the export data of December this year has not been released, the statistics have selected the data of the same period in the past ten years.

　　It can be seen that China’s exports of chips to the United States have not changed much in the past three years. In other words, "the United States relies on China’s mature process chips" is not a new phenomenon this year, which is not the time when the United States launched an investigation.

　　And the timeline goes back to 2022 — — At the end of this year, China’s chip exports to the United States gradually stabilized at today’s level. Taking 2022 as the coordinate, and then combing how the United States has discussed mature process chips in these years, we will find that,What really promoted the 301 survey is that the cognition of mature process chips in the United States has changed.

　　American media, American think tanks and American government were selected as the statistical objects. In 2022, there was little discussion about "China mature process chips". This year, Biden’s export control measures have just been introduced, which are full of restrictions on China’s advanced manufacturing processes. Americans also have their own hot spots to catch up with.

　　By the end of 2022, China’s chip exports to the United States have increased by more than 60%, reaching the biggest increase in the past decade. At this time, a different voice appeared.

　　At the beginning of 2023, an American think tank published an article pointing out that the focus of the US government was biased, and they ignored the importance of mature process chips.

　　Tan Zhu noticed that this article pointed out a key problem: it is misleading to divide chips into "advanced process" and "mature process".

　　Unlike many people’s first reaction, "mature process chips" do not use outdated technologies, including new technologies such as silicon carbide, which are all used in mature process chips. At the same time, such chips will be continuously improved to meet new requirements and applications.Therefore, traditional chips are destined to maintain a high degree of correlation with emerging industries and technologies for a long time.

　　Tracing back to the source, the term "mature process chip" was originally a military term. In order to promote the development of military technology, the United States made a distinction between "advanced process chip" and "mature process chip". This distinction has nothing to do with industrial logic.

　　The importance of this article lies in the fact that this cognitive rectification has had an effective impact on the US government:

　　｜｜In January this year, the US-China Special Committee on Strategic Competition of the US House of Representatives sent a letter to the US Department of Commerce and the Office of the US Trade Representative, requesting to launch an investigation into mature process chips in China. This is the starting point of the investigation.

　　｜｜Soon, the US Department of Commerce responded first. This year, the U.S. Department of Commerce launched a research on the basis of the U.S. semiconductor industry. This study draws the conclusion that the United States "depends" on China’s mature process chips through statistics.

　　｜｜Based on the evidence provided by the US-China Special Committee on Strategic Competition and the data studied by the US Department of Commerce, the Office of the US Trade Representative finally decided to launch the 301 investigation.

　　Initially, the US-China Special Committee on Strategic Competition paid attention to the progress of mature process chips in China, largely because it saw this article.

　　In their letters asking the US government to launch an investigation on mature process chips in China, a large number of opinions and data of this article appeared.

　　△ Letter from the "US-China Special Committee on Strategic Competition" requesting an investigation on mature process chips in China.

　　In other words, this 301 survey reflects that the cognition of the relationship between industrial competition and technological progress in the United States is changing. This also makes this 301 survey more symbolic than before.

　　Cao Yun (Former practitioners of chip enterprises in China）：

　　● From the perspective of our industry, technological innovation will be divided into different links to discuss. Now, the improvement of chip production process is the most important, not the innovation of the source.

　　●　The improvement of chip production process is divided into process node improvement, material improvement, yield improvement and detail optimization. As mentioned above, using silicon carbide on mature process chips belongs to material improvement.

　　China has a unique advantage that it has the most comprehensive manufacturing category in the world, which means that we can promote innovation in all processes and links of the chip industry chain.

　　From this point of view, it is unrealistic for the United States to try to block the development of advanced process chips in China and then suppress the whole chip industry in China.

　　Now, the United States is beginning to understand that simply blocking other countries’ access to advanced technology and products in areas where it has technological advantages cannot maintain its advantages for a long time.

　　From this "reflection", we can also better understand the objective law of the development of the chip industry.

　　You can look at such a set of data.

　　In 2024, the US chip market is expected to grow by 23.7% year-on-year. But there are two important driving forces behind this data:

　　In 2024, the global chip market is picking up, and it is expected to increase by 20.7% year-on-year. At the same time, NVIDIA’s revenue in 2024 is expected to increase by over 100% year-on-year, becoming the biggest driving force for the growth of the US chip market.

　　But it also means that most chip companies behind it are "dragging their feet".

　　Master Tan counted the top ten chip companies in the United States except NVIDIA, and found that 80% of them had a revenue growth rate far lower than that of the global chip market this fiscal year. Even, five companies are expected to have negative growth this year.

　　By combing the chip policy of the U.S. government in the past four years, we can see that the thinking of the United States is basically "two-legged": subsidizing American enterprises through the Chip and Science Act, and restricting the export of advanced technologies to curb the development of China enterprises.

　　After four years, obviously, the result is not ideal.

　　US Commerce Secretary Raymond recently said: It is futile to try to contain China. But there is still a half sentence that she failed to say. At the same time, the US government’s assistance policy was not successful. These two factors have jointly caused the dilemma of American chip companies today.

　　The Chip and Science Act was signed in August 2022, but it was not until the end of 2023 that the US government approved the first subsidy. According to relevant disclosures, as many as 40% of large-scale projects have been postponed or stopped indefinitely because of the ineffective promotion of the Chip and Science Law and the Inflation Reduction Law.

　　Not only can the US government not help American companies, but more importantly, this year was originally a year of recovery in the global chip market, and many chip companies are expecting a rebound in profits. However, the "chip method" has become an obstacle to this vision — — The "chip law" has set up protectionist provisions, and accepting subsidies from the United States means giving up markets in other countries.

　　The choice of market is a particularly important issue this year.

　　Professionals told Tan Zhu that a large number of chip companies were pushed to set up factories in the United States through huge subsidies and political pressure, resulting in industrial transfer under non-market conditions, which would lead to increased costs. According to estimates, the cost of opening a new chip factory in the United States is about 30% to 50% higher than that in Asia, which will be shared among chips produced in the United States in the future.

　　In the long run, perhaps the profits of these factories in the future can make up for these costs. But for many companies, they don’t have the luxury to think about the market in 10 years.

　　In the past three years, every year, the global chip market has a new atmosphere:

　　｜｜From 2022 to 2023, the phenomenon of "hoarding goods" first appeared in the global chip market, which promoted enterprises to expand production, and then there was the problem of oversupply.

　　｜｜In 2024, the focus of the global chip market shifted from the previous CPU chip to the GPU chip driven by artificial intelligence.

　　When the wind is high and the waves are urgent, should we choose the mature industrial chain that has been verified in the global chip market, or choose the illusory idea of the US government to build a new industrial chain?

　　Professionals told Tan that the United States interfered with the balance of supply and demand of global chips, and trade disputes would follow. For enterprises, these are risks.

　　The more global scientific and technological innovations emerge and new development opportunities emerge, choosing unknown risks is essentially giving up development opportunities.

　　In other words, the act of reshaping the global chip industry chain has not made the United States more "safe" as the US government said, but has destroyed the market environment on which American enterprises depend for survival and growth.

　　Master Tan once discussed a question with chris miller, the author of Chip Wars. What was the final result of American intervention in the global chip industry chain?

　　Chris miller (American historian, author of Chip Wars.）：

　　●　The most likely situation is that there are more and more "separated" supply chains, which eventually produce completely independent or parallel supply chains. At present, this trend has appeared.

　　●　An obvious impact is that this will lead to inefficiency, and countries will spend a lot of manpower, financial resources and time on the same research. The cost is huge, and the sacrifice of the chip industry is also huge. You know, we could have made progress together and accelerated the development of technology.

　　The peak of human wisdom should have been used to explore the sea of stars. It would be a pity if it was consumed in meaningless competition for the sake of zero-sum game.

　　Not to mention, the way of competition chosen by the United States has been proved to be the wrong way.

　　From 2018 to 2021, American importers paid nearly $123 billion to cover the increased tariff costs. According to the report of the American Chamber of Commerce, if the tariff rate of 25% of the previous administration is continued, the United States will lose $190 billion annually by 2025 and $250 billion annually by 2030, which will make the United States lose nearly $1 trillion in economic growth potential.

　　According to the United States’ own forecast data, by 2029, China will further expand its global market share, accounting for about 50% of the global market for mature process chips.

　　On this basis, the chip will also be related to the normal operation of key industries such as communications, enterprises, electronic equipment and industrial manufacturing in the United States.

　　If the United States imposes tariffs on China chips, it will surely bring huge losses to itself.

　　Not to mention, this time, 301 survey is used, which points to unfair trade in global trade. Professionals told Tan Zhu that in the global chip industry, the United States has the largest subsidy, and the United States is the biggest unfair manufacturer.

　　What the U.S. economy really needs is not to think hard about what kind of China products to suppress, but more importantly, to completely jump out of this thinking and help American enterprises return to the wave of free flow of global trade to find opportunities for growth.

　　For any American government, this is the truth they need to see.

　　BEIJING, Dec. 29 (Reporter Qiu Yuzhongqing) On January 1, 2018, China was the first one-way tax law to promote the construction of ecological civilization — — The Environmental Protection Tax Law will be formally implemented, which also means that the sewage charge system that has been implemented for nearly 40 years will withdraw from the historical stage.

　　Do ordinary residents have to pay environmental taxes? Are the collection standards the same everywhere? What changes will "fee to tax" bring to enterprises? Zhongxin. com has combed and interpreted this.

　　On February 12, 2016, many places in Shandong suffered from smog weather. Image source: vision china

　　Do individuals have to pay environmental taxes?

　　The Environmental Protection Tax Law stipulates that enterprises, institutions and other producers and operators that directly discharge taxable pollutants into the environment in People’s Republic of China (PRC) and other sea areas under the jurisdiction of People’s Republic of China (PRC) are taxpayers of environmental protection tax, and they shall pay environmental protection tax in accordance with the provisions of this law.

　　In other words, ordinary residents are not included in the scope of taxation and do not have to pay environmental taxes. According to local media reports, the responsible persons of tax authorities in Hebei, Jiangxi, Anhui and other places have made it clear that individual residents do not pay environmental protection tax.

　　When do you start paying taxes?

　　Zhongxin. com reporter learned from State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China that the first collection period of environmental protection tax will be around April next year, not to say that tax returns will be started after January 1st.

　　In this regard, Shi Zhengwen, director of the Finance and Tax Research Center of China University of Political Science and Law, pointed out in an interview that the environmental protection tax is "calculated on a monthly basis and declared quarterly", and the reporting period and the time when the specific tax obligation occurs are two different things.

　　Shi Zhengwen said that the tax calculation began on January 1, but the declaration was from April 1 to 15. During this half-month period, enterprises had to declare their taxes.

　　Data Map: In Guozhuangzi Village, Xinkou Town, Xiqing District, Tianjin, electric heating pipes instead of coal are connected to every household. China News Service reporter Yan Yushe

　　What pollutants are taxed?

　　The Environmental Protection Tax Law clearly states that air pollutants, water pollutants, solid waste and noise are listed as taxable pollutants.

　　Taxable air pollutants include sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, chlorine gas, etc. Taxable water pollutants include total mercury, total cadmium, total lead, petroleum, animal and vegetable oils, formaldehyde, etc.

　　It is worth noting that noise refers to industrial noise according to the Table of Items and Taxes of Environmental Protection Tax attached to the Environmental Protection Tax Law. This means that construction noise and traffic noise are not included in the scope of collection.

　　According to the Law on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Noise Pollution, environmental noise refers to the sound produced in industrial production, construction, transportation and social life that interferes with the surrounding living environment.

　　Among them, industrial noise refers to the sound that interferes with the surrounding living environment when using fixed equipment in industrial production activities; Construction noise refers to the sound that interferes with the surrounding living environment during construction.

　　How much do you pay?

　　According to the Environmental Protection Tax Law, the amount of environmental protection tax has both an upper limit and a lower limit. The tax range of air pollutants is from 1.2 yuan to 12 yuan per pollution equivalent, and that of water pollutants is from 1.4 yuan to 14 yuan per pollution equivalent.

　　Pollution equivalent refers to a comprehensive index or unit of measurement to measure the environmental pollution caused by different pollutants according to the harmful degree of pollutants or pollution discharge activities to the environment and the technical economy of treatment.

　　For example, in terms of industrial noise, different decibels exceed the standard, and the monthly tax levied is different. For example, if it exceeds the standard by 1-3 decibels, 350 yuan will exceed the standard by more than 16 decibels per month, and it will cost 11,200 yuan per month.

　　Data Map: Wetland Ecological Restoration Project in Sanbiao Township, Xunwu County, Jiangxi Province. Su Lucheng photo

　　Is the tax payment standard the same everywhere?

　　According to the Environmental Protection Tax Law, each province has certain discretion in the specific applicable tax amount of air pollutants and water pollutants. In other words, the specific tax payment standards may be different from place to place.

　　"This is equivalent to giving local governments greater discretion," Shi Zhengwen said. "The Environmental Protection Tax Law mentions three factors, namely, the environmental carrying capacity of the local area, the current situation of pollutant discharge and the requirements of economic, social and ecological development goals. According to these three factors, local governments determine the specific applicable tax amount, which varies greatly among different provinces."

　　Among them, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding provinces generally set higher taxes on air pollutants and water pollutants. The applicable tax amount of taxable air pollutants in Beijing is 12 yuan per pollution equivalent, and the applicable tax amount of taxable water pollutants is 14 yuan per pollution equivalent, both of which are implemented according to the upper limit of tax range stipulated in the Environmental Protection Tax Law.

　　Will it increase the burden on enterprises?

　　The relevant person in charge of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China told the reporter of Zhongxin.com that the environmental protection tax was jointly promoted by the Ministry of Environmental Protection, the Ministry of Finance and the State Administration of Taxation. According to the standard of "shifting taxes and fees", the past sewage charges were directly converted into environmental protection taxes. Of course, generally speaking, the design of policies is not aimed at collecting money, but mainly to stimulate the awareness of environmental protection and boost the consciousness of environmental protection.

　　The person in charge of the Regulation Department of the Ministry of Environmental Protection said that changing the sewage charges into environmental taxes is conducive to improving the rigidity of law enforcement, reducing local government intervention and internalizing environmental costs. Environmental protection tax is levied according to the amount of emissions, with more emissions and more payments, less emissions and less payments, which is conducive to promoting enterprises to improve their environmental protection level and reduce pollutant emissions.

　　Data Map: Seven enterprises and institutions withdrew from Fuxian Lake Nature Reserve in Yunnan, showing their determination to protect the environment. China News Service reporter Ren Dongshe

　　Does the environmental protection tax belong to the local government or the central government?

　　On December 27th, the State Council issued the Notice on the Ownership of Environmental Protection Tax Revenue, which made it clear that environmental protection tax was local revenue.

　　The circular pointed out that in order to promote the protection and improvement of the environment and increase investment in environmental protection, the State Council decided to use all environmental protection taxes as local income.

　　The current sewage charges are divided between the central and local governments by 1: 9. Wang Jianfan, director of the Department of Taxation and Administration of the Ministry of Finance, pointed out earlier that in order to mobilize local enthusiasm, considering that local governments bear the main responsibility for pollution control, it is planned to take all environmental taxes as local income, and the central government will no longer participate in the sharing. (End)

According to the Chinese Embassy in Britain, on March 22, 2021, the Chargé d ‘affaires of the Embassy in Britain, Yang Xiaoguang, successively received an exclusive interview with British Sky News, TV 4 and BBC, explaining China’s principled position on the sanctions imposed by the European Union and Britain on relevant institutions and personnel in China due to Xinjiang-related issues, and refuting wrong remarks. Sky News and TV 4 broadcast live reports, and BBC broadcast some interviews in the news program that night.

In response to the British Foreign Development Secretary’s announcement that Britain will impose sanctions on China officials and entities,Agent Yang said that Xinjiang affairs are entirely China’s internal affairs. Based on lies and false information, the British side imposed unilateral sanctions on individuals and entities in China on the pretext of human rights issues, ignored the facts, turned black and white, grossly interfered in China’s internal affairs, blatantly violated international law and the basic norms of international relations, and seriously damaged Sino-British relations. China expresses strong dissatisfaction and resolute opposition to this, and reserves the right to take corresponding countermeasures to safeguard China’s interests and dignity.

In response to China’s question about whether it was surprised by the British government’s decision,Deputy Yang said that China was not surprised, but deeply disappointed, and resolutely opposed this wrong decision. Sanctions will not only have no effect on China, but will make the people of China more united. The basic reaction I have heard is that Chinese officials who have been sanctioned are deeply honored to be able to defend national interests.

In response to the question whether China will take countermeasures against Britain,Agent Yang said that China does not take the initiative to provoke confrontation and attack others, but it will not be trampled upon by others and will resolutely fight back. China will not succumb to external pressure, and we should not underestimate our determination and confidence in safeguarding national sovereignty, security and development interests. China is carefully studying the British statement and will make an appropriate response in due course. China urges the British side to change its course in time, withdraw relevant wrong decisions, avoid damage to bilateral relations, and take effective measures to bring Sino-British relations back to the right track.

In response to the question that Xinjiang Education and Training Center is equivalent to a "concentration camp", China has carried out "genocide" and "forced labor" on Uighurs, forced sterilization on Uighur women and separated Uighur children from their parents, Agent Yang pointed out that China has repeatedly stated that there is no so-called "genocide", "forced labor" and "mass sterilization" in Xinjiang. These accusations against Xinjiang are groundless and "century lies". The so-called evidence hyped by the British media is completely malicious lies and false information, which has no credibility at all. The relevant pictures and videos are fabricated or taken out of context.

Agent Yang said that China’s establishment of the education and training center is a preventive anti-terrorism measure to educate and save those who are infected by extreme thoughts, involved in terrorism activities or seriously influenced by extreme thoughts and prevent them from going to terrorism. Facts have proved that this measure has effectively protected the life safety of people of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang, including Uighur compatriots, and also guaranteed the right of the students concerned to reunite with their families according to law. Students study the national common language, legal knowledge and vocational skills education and training in the teaching and training center. After graduation, they generally find suitable jobs and their living standards are improved.

Agent Yang said that cotton production in Xinjiang has been highly mechanized, and there is no need for a lot of manpower. Moreover, there are few job opportunities, high pay and fierce competition. Where is the need for forced labor?

Agent Yang said that the family planning policy is still the basic national policy of China, which is implemented nationwide, but it is more relaxed for ethnic minorities, including Uighurs. The accusations you mentioned are sheer nonsense.

Agent Yang pointed out that the pictures repeatedly broadcast by British TV programs are scenes of centralized transfer of prisoners in Xinjiang detention center, which has nothing to do with the teaching and training center. These prisoners are dangerous people suspected of breaking the law, so it is absolutely necessary to take security measures for them, and there is no abuse problem.

Agent Yang stressed that facts have repeatedly proved that the accusations against China are unfounded. In 2019, Xinjiang received more than 200 million Chinese and foreign tourists. If there are a lot of "torture" or "misconduct" in the local area, why is there no more evidence? In fact, China’s Xinjiang policy has been widely understood and supported internationally. At the 46th session of the United Nations Human Rights Council, 64 countries, including Arab countries, made a joint speech in support of China’s Xinjiang policy. We welcome more tourists from all over the world to visit Xinjiang after the COVID-19 epidemic, and believe that they can make correct judgments through what they have seen with their own eyes. What China has done in Xinjiang is frank and aboveboard, which can stand the test of history.

In response to a question about the nature of the Public Security Bureau of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, agent Yang said that the primary responsibility of the public security organs of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps is to protect the lives and property safety and legitimate rights and interests of people of all ethnic groups, including Uighurs. Over the years, the public security organs of the Corps have cracked down on serious crimes such as terrorism according to law, which has been sincerely supported and generally supported by the local people of all ethnic groups.

In response to a question from the former US Secretary of State that China had put Uighurs in "concentration camps" and instilled communist party’s ideas and carried out "genocide", Agent Yang said that there was no "genocide" in Xinjiang. A century or two ago, the United States massacred Indians, and what they did was called "genocide."

On the question of whether China allows the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights to visit Xinjiang and whether foreign journalists are allowed to visit Xinjiang freely, Agent Yang said that China welcomes the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights to visit China and Xinjiang, and has kept close communication with the United Nations. The door of Xinjiang is open. We welcome people who are unbiased and really want to know about the development of Xinjiang to visit Xinjiang, but we firmly oppose any condescending presumption of guilt. According to the relevant regulations of China, foreign journalists can go to Xinjiang to report on the premise of abiding by the laws of China and fulfilling relevant procedures.

In response to a question about a British parliamentarian claiming that he was "harassed on the Internet by diplomats of the China Embassy", Agent Yang said that some British parliamentarians have repeatedly made false statements about Xinjiang on social media, and China diplomats have the right to clarify the truth and set the record straight. Members can make false statements, so we have no right to state the facts? Why do you say "harassment"?

On the question of whether "one country, two systems" in Hong Kong has become "one country, one system" and whether the Legislative Council of Hong Kong will become a "rubber stamp", Mr. Yang said that the China government has always fully and accurately implemented the policy of "one country, two systems", but "one country" is the prerequisite. After the storm of amending regulations, "one country" has been seriously impacted, and it is necessary to strengthen "one country" in order to better guarantee "two systems". What China has done is to ensure that "one country, two systems" is stable and far-reaching, and to ensure that the interests of the overwhelming majority of Hong Kong people are safeguarded. Members of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong come from all walks of life and are widely representative. In the future, there will still be many voices in the Hong Kong Legislative Council. On the premise of safeguarding national sovereignty and territorial integrity, members’ right to express their opinions is guaranteed.

(The original title is "The Chargé d ‘affaires of Yang Xiaoguang is interviewed by British Sky News, TV 4 and BBC")

　　　　Recently, the International Symposium on Duan Yucai and Qing Dynasty, sponsored by the Chinese Culture Research Institute of Nanjing University and the People’s Government of Jintan City, Jiangsu Province, and undertaken by the Propaganda Department of Jintan Municipal Committee of Jiangsu Province and Jiangsu Hongde Culture Publishing Foundation, was held in Jintan City, Jiangsu Province, the hometown of Duan Yucai, which is known as a blessed land in the east of the river. During the meeting, experts and scholars attending the meeting exchanged views on Duan Yucai’s academic contribution, the Confucian tradition in Duan Zhu’s Shuowen, Duan Yucai in the perspective of ideological history, Western Sinology and Duan Yucai studies, and achieved rich academic achievements, which can be summarized as follows:

　　　　On Duan Yucai’s Linguistics and Philology

　　　　Duan Yucai’s most important academic achievement in his life was in philology, and his main achievements were concentrated in the book Notes on Explaining Words and Characters. Annotation is an important genre of ancient writing. If Xu Shen’s Shuo Wen Jie Zi in the Eastern Han Dynasty focuses on revealing the original meaning of Chinese characters through their glyphs, Duan Yucai in the Qing Dynasty focuses on revealing the extended meaning of Chinese words with handed down documents. Today, we talk about the contribution of paragraph notes to semantics and lexicology, which is mainly based on the extension of paragraph notes. Duan Zhu connects the ancient and modern glyphs, pronunciations and meanings, which makes it more thoughtful.

　　　　Another important contribution of Duan Zhu is that more than 9,000 Chinese characters are placed in the new ancient phonological system, and the rhymes of each character are marked one by one. Attached to Duan’s annotated book, Liushu Phonology Table is the position system of more than 9,000 words, that is, the ancient rhyme system. Duan Yucai’s achievements in ancient phonology can be summarized into two aspects: first, he put forward a series of principles of ancient phonology, became a master of ancient phonology, and especially opened up a new way and a new method system to study the division of ancient phonology from the perspective of harmonic radicals. Second, it is divided into six categories and seventeen parts, which surpass the predecessors and enlighten the later. Duan Yucai and Dai Zhen talked about rhyme for fifteen years, which became a much-told story in academic history. After discussion, the two sides reached a consensus on the part of the three rhymes of "Zhi, Zhi and Zhi" in ancient times. However, Dai has never accepted Duan’s opinion on the separation of ancient truth and literature. Today, the division of ancient truth and literature has become a conclusion and Duan is correct.　

　　　　Another important contribution of Duan Zhu is that, in addition to pointing out the meaning relationship between the related Chinese characters in the radicals of Shuowen, Xu Shen Shuowen has become orderly and "like a text", and it has also been constantly checking instructions on the meaning-related words in the whole book, making them combined and classified.

　　　　What are the new ideas for studying paragraph notes today? To sum up, there are four kinds: one is to absorb the essence of paragraph notes to serve the compilation of contemporary dictionaries, the other is to make a deeper study of paragraph notes by using the sound and meaning of Buddhist scriptures, and the other is to use the "waste words" regulation of paragraph notes to include the study of waste words in the standardization of Chinese characters, so that the International Organization for Standardization can officially publish the Universal Multi-octet Coded Character Set (number ISO10646) as an open mode for editing.

　　　　Some scholars combine the study of Duan Zhujin’s folk characters with the study of dialect characters, which is also very innovative and valuable.

　　　　On Duan Yucai’s Confucian Classics

　　　　First, Duan’s extensive and profound primary school is the methodological support of Duan’s Confucian classics. In the early Qing Dynasty, when Gu Yanwu answered the question of what is Confucian classics, he once said, "Neo-Confucianism is also Confucian classics." That is, "there is no neo-Confucianism without Confucian classics". Similarly, we can also say that there is no Confucian classics without primary school. Duan’s primary school serves the interpretation of classics, and primary school is a tool for studying classics. Duan’s primary school is magnificent, and his achievements in Confucian classics are therefore rich. In Duan Yucai’s view, the history of Confucian classics is really a history of the logical application of pragmatic tools around the group classics, and the history of Confucian classics is a history of the annotation of Confucian classics.

　　　　The second is the language logic of reading classics in Zhou Lihan’s Reading Test (1794). Duan Yucai’s most important contribution to Zhou Lihan’s Reading Test is that he put forward the style of Han Dynasty’s annotation on Zhou Li in order to understand Zhou Li: the preface to Zhou Lihan’s reading test put forward three forms of "Chinese annotation is correct reading". Duan said: "Chinese is a note, and there are three examples: one is to read if, and the other is to read if; Second, read as, read as; Three times. " This passage, also found under the word "read" in Shuo Wen Duan Zhu, can be regarded as an independent ancient philology transferred to Confucian classics as an example of speech. Reading Ru, Reading Ruo: "Imitating its pronunciation" is used to imitate homophones and homonyms. Read for, read for: mainly used to indicate the change of meaning. When: Duan said: "A word error or a sound error is correct, all of which are called when."

　　　　The third is the meritorious service in the field of Shangshu. In the early Qing Dynasty, it was enlightening to denounce the fake ancient prose Shangshu, and Liang Qichao’s Academic Introduction in Qing Dynasty called it "one of the great liberation of sincere ideological circles". Shangshu is one of the thirteen classics, and the thirteen classics are the orthodox guiding ideology of feudal society. It is of course an impact on feudal ruling ideology to expose the forgery of Shangshu. During the Qianlong period, Duan Yucai’s research and verification of the ancient Chinese text Shangshu was of great significance to expose the aftermath of Mei’s pseudograph.　

　　　　The fourth is natural science and reading classics. Duan Yucai attaches great importance to the introduction of natural science into the Confucian Classics. Zhang Binglin’s A Review of Confucianism once said that there are fewer Thirteen Classics in Duan Yucai, and it is advisable to add Da Dai Li Ji, Mandarin, Historical Records, Han Shu, Zi Zhi Tong Jian, and Shuo Wen Jie Zi, Zhou Bian Shu Jing and Nine Chapters of Arithmetic. In this way, two of the eight classics added by Duan are mathematical books, which shows that Duan’s theory of classics attaches importance to natural science.

　　　　Fifthly, it is also worth noting that Duan Yucai’s tolerant attitude towards modern classics. Duan Yucai once asked his grandson Gong Zizhen to learn from Cheng Yaotian, a scholar of ancient Chinese classics. Later, Gong Zizhen, a scholar of Confucian classics, wrote four articles on Ming Liang, exposing the corruption of bureaucratic politics in the Qing Dynasty. When Duan Yucai was 80 years old, he read this article and praised it as "a disease in China and today" and "an outstanding one"! I don’t hate (regret) to die when I still see this. "

　　　　On Duan Yucai’s Philosophical Thought

　　　　There are many contents in the paragraph notes that are close to the philosophy of language. Generally speaking, Duan Zhu’s explanation of the righteous examples in Shuowen, the righteous examples, literary examples and regulations are all the logic of the book itself, and Duan Zhu’s invention of the book permission regulations is an extremely important content of language philosophy. The generalization of the logical and semantic order of the words received by the Ministry after the paragraph notes, and the classification and comparison of similar semantics in different radicals are typical philosophical problems of language. A series of principles of ancient phonology when divided into six categories and seventeen parts of ancient rhymes, especially the deep-seated principle and composition of "the homophonic sounds are the same, and the ancient rhymes are the same", the metalinguistic characteristics in the interpretation of the extended meanings in the paragraph notes, and the examples of the interpretation of Duan’s Confucian classics, are all philosophical problems of language.

　　　　There is a problem here, that is, the ontology of language philosophy. The ontology of China’s ancient philosophy of language is Chinese and Chinese characters. Modern cognitive linguistics also believes that the words of a national language can be used to understand the culture, thought and national spirit of the nation. Duan Yucai devoted his whole life to explaining Chinese language, revealing phonology and semantic categories, which is precisely the ontological research of language philosophy. The deeper value of this research lies in carrying forward the national cultural spirit. Whenever we study Shuo Wen Duan Zhu with awe, we are certainly attracted by the knowledge treasure in it, but what fascinates us even more is the cultural spirit of Duan Zhu’s Chinese characters, which is the spiritual implication conveyed by Duan’s explanation. Duan’s research is, in a word, the study of the meaning of language. Our study of the meaning system revealed by Duan Yucai is of general world outlook and scientific understanding significance.

　　　　In recent years, the academic circles have mentioned the modernity of traditional academics, that is, the modern transformation of traditional academics. Different fields have their own academic transformations. For example, in the above-mentioned field of linguistics and philology, from three segments: extended meanings, ancient phonology and analogical characters, from dictionary compilation, Buddhist phonology and meanings, from compiling Chinese character "attribute dictionary" to developing paragraph notes by using the "waste words" regulation of paragraph notes, and from supplementing Xu Shu and paragraph notes with ancient characters. In the field of Confucian classics, it is all aspects of modernity to construct the philosophy of language and philology of China’s ancient philosophy of language in the field of philosophy from the aspects of practical learning, style, enlightenment thought and natural science view.

　　　　The more important aspect of "modern transformation" is to inherit Duan’s rigorous and realistic academic spirit. Duan spent nearly 40 years (1776-1815) creating a book "Notes on Explaining Words", which shows that Duan’s academic and cultural spirit is the most valuable spiritual wealth.

　　　　(Author: College of Literature, Nanjing University)

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