武汉夜生活网论坛-武汉桑拿论坛-武汉狼盟-武汉耍耍网

On July 8, another brand-new masterpiece of light-chasing animation landed in the "summer file" in 2023 on time, adding another cornerstone to the road of the rise of the country. Unlike the previous series of films "The White Snake Universe" and "The Goddess Universe", "Three Wan Li in Chang ‘an" pays more attention to historical facts. With the narrative strategy of the intersection of reality and reality, the multi-dimensional characters and tang style’s aesthetic style, the creative team wrote the epic of the rise and fall of the Tang Dynasty and splashed ink to describe the feelings of Chang ‘an and Wan Li.

Narrative strategy of the intersection of reality and reality

The story of Three Wan Li in Chang ‘an begins in the border area with crisis after An Shi Rebellion. At that time, Cheng Yuanzhen, a military supervisor, proved Gao Shi’s loyalty and patriotism and led him to recall his life with Li Bai. At this point, the main plot is unfolded in the poem "Mochow has no confidant in the road ahead, and no one in the world knows Jun". The ancient and the present, the virtual and the real together constructed the history of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline, and the truth, falsehood and all kinds of changes during this period were also free for later generations to comment. This arrangement not only gives the audience a sense of participation, but also adds to the legend of the film.

The sense of intersection between reality and fiction in Three Wan Li in Chang ‘an mainly stems from its unique perspective of recollection and narration. The film adopts the narrative mode of "two male masters", traces back his life with Li Bai through the mouth of high comfort in his later years, and takes the friendship between them as an opportunity to explain the history of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline. The third-person narrative perspective gives the film a kind of alienation effect. The audience stared at Tang Shi and the Tang people from the sidelines, writing legendary epics for the Tang Dynasty and legendary poems for Li Bai. As a narrator, Gao Shi is pragmatic and "grounded". Unlike Li Bai, he does not talk about the heavenly palace, immortals and Taoism, but tries to describe those real and substantial things as much as possible. Therefore, the film highlights the importance of narrative space. From the microscopic point of view, Chang ‘an Three Wan Li adopts repetitive narrative techniques, presenting the same space in different situations for many times, and showing the historical process of the rise and fall of the Tang Dynasty and the transition of the characters’ emotions. In the film, Gao Shi went back to Liangyuan three times, went to the Yellow Crane Tower three times, went to Chang ‘an three times and went to Yangzhou two times. Every time he went and left, he was closely related to Li Bai and the progress of the times. "Born in Sri Lanka, grew up in Sri Lanka, died in Sri Lanka, and was remembered in Sri Lanka. His soul is full of qi, and there are those who die." As a place where Gao Shi grew up, Liangyuan is a spiritual place for Gao Shi to find himself and improve himself. However, the quiet years of Liangyuan were always disturbed by Li Bai, and his fame and downfall constantly stirred Gao Shi’s heart, thus pulling him out of Liangyuan. Or enjoy the prosperity of the Ming dynasty in the prosperous Tang dynasty, or sigh the choppy waves in the underground of the Tang dynasty.In the end, Gao Shi saw the brilliance of poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty and knew his ambition to serve the country. Seeing the women dancing on the high shelf in the smoke of war, I clearly felt the compassion of the people of Tang Dynasty in prosperous Chang ‘an. Seeing that Li Bai regards grief as nothing, cherishes a sincere and open-minded life, and determines the natural way that belongs to the mountains and rivers. From a macro perspective, Three Wan Li in Chang ‘an creates a dual narrative space in which memories and reality coexist, and integrates narrative time and narrative space, thus sketching the flow curve of time and depicting a colorful picture of history. In the meantime, the tension between Yin and Yang in the prosperous time of Chang ‘an converged into a narrative clue, and the decline of Daoming in the prosperous Tang Dynasty was closely related to the reasons such as the view of the gate, the prime minister in power and the loss of talented people. The film does not show cause and effect, but it is full of logic, which seems unexpected and reasonable.

The highlight of the film lies in its accurate grasp of narrative rhythm. First of all, the plot of the film is properly arranged. Although The Three Wan Li in Chang ‘an tells the story of the decline of the Tang Dynasty, it focuses on the growth and friendship between Gao Shi and Li Bai, and almost ignores the important events in court, only talking about the border difficulties directly related to Gao Shi. This arrangement shows the relationship between the times and people to the fullest. Secondly, the sad and happy narrative rhythm of the film also fully mobilized the audience’s emotions, which better served the narrative theme of the film: there are gorgeous chapters in prosperous times and heroes in troubled times. Generally speaking, the film presents two narrative themes, which emphasize the individual’s way of seeking the way and praise the inheritance of the article. On the one hand, Chang ‘an is a treasure-house for aspiring people to display their ambitions, and people represented by Gao Shi intend to go to Chang ‘an with lofty aspirations. However, the so-called "Three Wan Li" is actually a distant horizon. The prosperity and peace are like a dream bubble, and the decline of Chang ‘an is only in the morning and evening, which is very helpless. However, being a courtier, you should be loyal to what the king entrusts, and eventually retreat from the enemy. After the king’s affairs in the world, he filled himself with innocence, but he returned to heaven and earth, looking between mountains and rivers and poems, seeing heaven and earth, seeing all beings, seeing himself, finding his own way, doing his own way, and showing his way with articles. On the other hand, Chang ‘an, as the accommodation of famous poems of Tang Dynasty, shows the prosperity of Tang Dynasty. At the end of the film, Gao Shi embraced "The Collection of the Heroes of the River Yue" and played the "Chang ‘an" flying flower order with his entourage, depicting the people and things, history and events behind the "Chang ‘an" poem.道与法，诉说着“文章千古事，得失寸心知”的真谛。也正因此，影片传递出一种悲情，这种悲，既是情绪之悲，即大时代下人物身不由己的宿命之悲；更是情感之悲，即反抗宿命而寻求自我的悲壮；还是情怀之悲，即兼具人道主义与人文关怀的悲悯。这种悲怆掩藏在乐观主义与豁达心境之下，并随着长安的故事层层递进，圈圈晕染而开，最终在文与道的和谐图谱中化为人文关怀，给人以温情之感。于是，故事寥寥几笔道出一众盛唐名人的悲惨结局；将杜甫置放在“春风得意马蹄疾，一日看尽长安花”的静好岁月中；让李白肩比彩云，同仙鹤归，在声声猿啼间，踏轻舟拍绿浪，乐辞白帝城。

Multi-dimensional characters

The reason why "Chang ‘an Three Wan Li" scored more than 8 points in Douban on the second day of its release lies in the pluralistic and three-dimensional characters created by the film. The film depicts the decline of the prosperous Tang Dynasty with memories of Gao Shi’s later years. With the development of his friendship with Li Bai, those figures who left a strong impression on the elegant charm of the Tang Dynasty appeared one by one, and embellished the paintings of the Tang Dynasty with scattered perspective, each interpreting his own anecdotes. In this way, "Three Wan Li in Chang ‘an" is like a picture of the Qingming Riverside only belonging to the Tang Dynasty. This scattered perspective style of creation endows the film with a synchronic sense, and Zhang Xu, He Zhizhang, Wu Daozi, Wang Wei, Du Fu and others gather together to show the prosperity of the Tang Dynasty. But the tragic ending of all the characters without exception once again highlights the historicity of the film. This can’t help but make people sigh. As long as poetry is there, Chang ‘an will be there. Even though time is fleeting, the ups and downs are common in the state, and Hua Zhang looks like water flowing from the east. With the help of media such as pen, ink, paper and inkstone, history will not be forgotten, and civilization will continue to last forever.

Three Wan Li in Chang ‘an also created two extremely three-dimensional characters, Li Bai and Gao Shi, which are intertextual with history and basically meet the aesthetic expectations of the audience. Li Bai is the "ceiling" of the romantic poets in the Tang Dynasty. His poems are fantastic and magnificent, and he is the image of a fallen immortal who is detached from the six realms in the eyes of the world. Different from previous cognition, Li Bai in the film is a little more "popular". He has pride in his heart, and will be ashamed of himself because of Cui Hao’s "Climbing the Yellow Crane Tower", and he is determined to write a good poem in Yangzhou; He has a stubborn temper, and together with Pei Twelve, he robbed Zhezhi dancers. He is confused and confused, and will ask Meng Haoran for the answer to whether he is adopted by wife or not; He may even make mistakes, indulge in drinking and forget the agreement with his friends. However, this complex image also highlights the contradiction of Li Bai from the side. He has a soul born and a heart to join the world. He hopes to show his ambition, but he can only wander between poetry and wine. Therefore, after he lived in seclusion in Lushan Mountain, he went out to write poems for Yongwang at his request. The design of this plot presents the arrogant Li Bai who can sing "Go out laughing in the sky" and the helpless Li Bai who can whisper "Don’t you see, how lovely locks in bright mirrors in high chambers, though silken-black at morning, have changed by night to snow" in history to the audience. Compared with Li Bai, Gao Shi’s characterization is more stylized. He was born in a humble background, inarticulate, and not a scholar, but hard work became his label, so he grew into a military commander who was independent and regained Chang ‘an.On Gao Shi’s body, the growth arc is shining. However, standing on the long river of history and looking at Gao Shi, he is just one of the sentient beings. In the film, he is more portrayed as a middleman. Standing in the middle of Chang ‘an history, he was the only one who saw prosperous Chang ‘an and ruins Chang ‘an. Standing in the middle of the development of poetry, he has a heart-to-heart relationship with Li Bai, a "poetic immortal", and with Du Fu, a poet who connects the elegant posture of Tang poetry with the documentary tendency of Tang poetry. In fact, Li Bai and Gao Shi are both similar and different. They met when they were young and had a good yearning for Chang ‘an, but since Yangzhou, they have embarked on their own paths. Nature, karma, Li Bai and Gao Shi seek different ways and do different things. The film puts the conflict between romanticism and historicism in the foreground, and once again hangs the issue of birth and accession to the WTO between the two people and the audience. At the same time, it also gives its own answer: the narrative of retiring from Tubo with high fitness and courage and the ending of traveling around the world with "The Collection of Heroes of the River Yue" make the birth and accession to the WTO reach a settlement, that is, the gentleman should take it for granted, as written in Li Bai’s "The Chivalrous Man", and "he can go to the WTO and hide his fame." In the film, Li Bai personally said that "Chivalrous Journey" was made according to Gao Shi’s image, which also showed Li Bai’s heart of joining the WTO. However, under the shadow of the times, Li Bai’s fate has long been doomed, and fatalism has cast a sadness on Li Bai. It is also in this situation that Gao Shi’s resistance to fate is even more tragic.Compassion for others is also more powerful.

Full of tang style’s aesthetic style.

"Three Wan Li in Chang ‘an" takes everyone back to the historical process of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline with the help of Gao Shi’s mouth. Its memories began in the prosperous Tang Dynasty and ended in the late Tang Dynasty. The film shows the national aesthetics of the Tang Dynasty fashion.

When you first watch this film, the audience will be shocked by the elegant posture and unruly state of the weather in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Zhang Xu and He Zhizhang in the Four Scholars of Wu Zhong, who are famous for their madness, associate with wine all day long, and their "cursive" works are also abandoned with their hearts, without the worldly turbidity of the world of mortals. Similar to the sense of emphasizing lines in calligraphy, Wu Daozi, the representative of the peak of Tang painting, also pursues to outline the charm of people and things with a few lines. He once said, "Everyone is close to expectation, but I am detached from painting. Everyone is attached to iconicity, and I am detached from vulgarity." It is true that the characters he painted have a round brushwork and the clothes are fluttering in the wind. This style of "Wu Dai Dangfeng" shows the character of the people in the prosperous Tang Dynasty to the fullest. In order to let the public better understand this style, ink painting is inserted from time to time in the film, which gives the picture enough sense of blank space, fully mobilizes the imagination of the audience, and makes it look white in the air and has its charm. Apart from painting and calligraphy, poetry is the label of the Tang Dynasty. Among them, Li Bai’s works are the pinnacle of the prosperous Tang Dynasty, and his romantic style is full of fairy tales and divorced from the secular world, which is the most typical representative of the prosperous Tang Dynasty.

The Tang Dynasty was an inclusive era, and harmony without diversity and eclecticism created prosperity. In the film, there are only dances, such as zhezhi dance and Hu Ji. The film also inherits the inclusiveness of the Tang Dynasty, and combines the cultures of poetry, calligraphy, dancing, painting and wine to visualize poems, which not only brings dramatic spectacle to the audience, but also tries to reproduce the mood and feelings of the characters at that time. Take the scene of Li Bai entering Taoism and drinking with Cenfuzi and Dan Qiusheng as an example. When Li Bai’s officialdom was frustrated and Confucianism could not be broken, he decided to enter Taoism. Although Li Bai was extremely depressed as a whole, his pride and immortal spirit accumulated in the prosperous Tang Dynasty still enabled him to create a masterpiece "Coming into Wine". The film incarnates the poem, which makes "Brewmaster" Li Bai see the distance of the temple in the colorful chaos and sigh the sorrow of life, but after tasting the wine, he is impressively open-minded and returns to sincerity. At this time, he is like Zhuangzi wandering freely, seeing through the secular world, and seeing Kun Peng soaring up to the Nine Wan Li and reaching the realm of being selfless, the God-man being useless and the saint being nameless.

The Tang Dynasty is an era of poetry. If we talk about the Tang Dynasty, we must talk about poetry. Three Wan Li in Chang ‘an presents the essence of Tang poetry in art and spirit respectively. One is image aesthetics. "The English of the text is fascinating, and there are shows and hidden ones, and those who are hidden are also important outside the text; The show is also the one who is the best in the article. " The film uses a large number of image symbols bearing emotion, which are grouped at a specific moment, so that it can be upgraded to artistic conception, so that the audience and the protagonist can be isomorphic, and the blank space can be seen in a limited picture, so that they can feel what they feel, think what they think, realize what they understand and appreciate the long aftertaste. Three Wan Li in Chang ‘an is in harmony with form, and images abound. For example, the bright moon in the cup, which refers to Gao Shi and Li Bai’s confused mood, makes the audience feel the helplessness of the two; Knowing An Lushan’s rebellious heart and trying to save Guo Ziyi, the red plum blooming in the snow represents Li Gao’s indomitable patriotic ambition and sincere loyalty to the monarch; The cranes in the air always around Li Bai set off Li Bai’s unrestrained and free mind in this life; In the war-torn Chang ‘an, the woman dancing on the high shelf can’t help but make people cry. Chang ‘an, a prosperous city, is ablaze in the morning and evening, and seems to be in ruins. The sadness is beyond words. The second is the spirit of poetry. On the one hand, the spirit of poetry is embodied in "everyone can write poetry". Even Gao Shi, who is born with defects, can make a famous sentence of "half of our men at the front were killed, but the other half are living, and still at the camp beautiful girls dance for them and sing".The poem boards that can be seen everywhere in the Yellow Crane Tower and the frontier fortress also show the flourishing state of poetry in the Tang Dynasty. On the other hand, the poetic spirit is isomorphic with Li Bai’s wild, free from vulgarity, optimism and open-mindedness. The film starts from "Everyone in the world knows the monarch" and ends with the flying flowers in Chang ‘an, which integrates poetry into the history of Chang ‘an’s rise and fall, and shows the infinite vitality of poetry.

In the Tang dynasty, people had the joy of being an official, but also the sadness of losing their ambition; There are joys of fame and sorrows of inaction; There are joys of making friends and sorrows of loneliness, and people’s joys and sorrows are like the moon’s full moon. Although the film does not express feelings directly, it shows feelings everywhere in the narrative. Its main line is to start from questioning friendship, love for national conditions and loyalty to the monarch, and to prove the truth of friendship and express the sorrow of the times in the promotion and development of memory and history. Based on the present situation and reviewing the development history of Chinese civilization, Chang ‘an Three Wan Li is undoubtedly another masterpiece of creative transformation and innovative development of Chinese excellent traditional culture. The "universe of Tang poetry" created by it strongly demonstrates the cultural self-confidence of the Chinese nation, and highlights the enterprising spirit of the Chinese nation to be upright and not conservative, and to respect the ancient and not retro. Because "Three Wan Li in Chang ‘an" has stirred people’s hearts for a long time, we are even more convinced that in the future, Guo Man will continue to exert his efforts to promote national aesthetics, produce more masterpieces, and promote the high-quality development of "China Animation School". (Author: Zhang Jingwu, a professor and doctoral supervisor at School of Communication, Fujian Normal University; Wang Wen, a graduate student majoring in drama, film and television, School of Communication, Fujian Normal University)

It only took one year for Warrior Technology to launch its brand and concept car, and now it is officially listed on Warrior 917. I can’t help sighing the "China speed" today. This brand-new high-end new energy off-road brand is not only born under the military aura of Dongfeng Warrior brand, but also has the current first-class new energy off-road technology level, which adds a touch of mystery to the birth of the brand and new car.

Although the starting price of Warrior 917 is as high as 637,700 yuan, in today’s marketing, the popularity is still determined by big waves. In the era when products speak, the final success or failure cannot be determined by creating market segments alone. So how does this new car perform? Let’s have a test drive experience through the extended version of the main pin.

"Hero Soul" military elements are highly recognizable, and the off-road functionality is full.

In today’s cross-country trend, the "male soul" aesthetic design language of Warrior 917 can be described as a soul. Neither the roundness of most new energy vehicles nor the founder of traditional hard-core SUV, it appears in front of us in a sports mecha style, which is very unique.

The angular modeling elements even retain the design consideration of the "bullet-facing surface" of military vehicles, creating a unique visual feeling of diving.

In terms of details, the first-class and taillights of the new car adopt the design concepts of "Ge" and "Jian", and the lighting effect is highly recognizable. In addition to the exposure of the door hinge, which is essential for a hard-core off-road vehicle, the hidden door handle of a new energy vehicle is also used.

In terms of function, the original competitive front and rear bumpers can be described as one step, which directly gives the new car very exaggerated off-road parameters. In the standard posture, its approach angle and departure angle reach 31 degrees, the passing angle is 19.7 degrees, and the minimum ground clearance is 221 mm; Under the extreme off-road extrication posture, the approach angle, passing angle and departure angle can reach 36.8 degrees, 27.9 degrees and 37.5 degrees respectively, and the wading depth can reach 900 mm..

This extreme working condition is supported by the air suspension with an adjustment range of -45 to 105 mm. At the same time, in order to meet the needs of vehicles with curb weight exceeding 3 tons, the diameter of the thick air suspension even reaches 150mm, which is very spectacular.

Pirelli SCORPION series all-terrain tires can be installed at the original factory of the new car, and even the 275/65 R20 tires can be upgraded to a wider 295mm, and the anti-tripping wheels can be used to further ensure the grip and safety under off-road conditions. However, although AT tires have good scratch resistance, I still hope that the original factory can provide the option of external spare tires in the future, saving the trouble of self-preparation.

In addition, although the infrared camera is not exclusive to military vehicles, this function has been used in many flagship models of luxury brands before, but it still has a strong high-tech feeling when used in new cars. Except at night, it still has good practicability in road conditions where the line of sight is blocked, such as rain, fog and dust, and with good vehicle and pedestrian recognition ability, the anti-interference ability of the driver assistance system is further improved.

In addition, the new car also provides a large number of optional packages, including Hawkeye UAV, luggage rack, roof expansion platform kit, side ladder, front auxiliary lighting, electric side pedal and electric winch, which greatly enriches the personalized and advanced off-road needs.

The interior style is simple, and the atmosphere is mechanical and scientific.

The interior of the new car adopts a simple and atmospheric design style. While having three LCD screens and HUD, it also retains a large number of commonly used physical buttons, including air conditioning temperature, panoramic image, ESP, front and rear differential lock, steep slope descent, crab walking mode and automatic parking function. For a model that focuses on off-road, it is particularly important to facilitate blind exercise.

The steering wheel of the new car has a lot of multi-functional physical buttons, and the infrared system and the driving mode of the road can be easily adjusted with one button.

The adjustment of gear lever, suspension height and off-road mode is designed in the center of the front row in the form of aircraft operating handle, which is very ceremonial to operate, especially when shifting gears, the gear position display of mechanical rotation is quite visual and cool.

The pistol-shaped door handle still has high playability, and the sound effect of loading bullets when closing the door is also very unique.

The configuration of the new car is quite full, including M-Link intelligent network connection system, L2+ driver assistance system, electrically adjustable steering wheel, Nappa leather seat, multi-directional electrically adjustable front and rear seats with heating/ventilation/massage function, fragrance system, 16-speaker Dana Confidence series audio, air purification system and streaming media rearview mirror, etc., which fully meet the expectations of models with a price of more than 600,000.

The vehicle adopts the design of front and rear double skylights, which gives the rear passengers higher autonomy. However, it is a pity that although the rear control screen of the new car can adjust the functions such as the sunroof and seats in the rear, it does not have an independent air conditioning temperature zone.

The interior space is excellent and the trunk material is very practical.

For a large-scale new energy SUV, there is obviously no need to worry about the interior space, not to mention the width of the new car has reached 2080mm, and the lateral space inside the car is extremely advantageous.

The 178cm experiencer has a head space of one punch in the front row, and a head space of one punch and two fingers and a leg space of about two and a half punches in the back row. In addition, the nearly flat floor in the back row also provides a very loose foot space in the center, and it is not crowded with five people.

In addition, it is worth mentioning that the side of the trunk of the new car not only has a one-button down of the rear seat, a suspension adjustment button and a 220V power interface, but also uses scratch-resistant and waterproof materials on the floor and the back of the seat, fully considering the needs of outdoor camping and off-road use.

1.5T gearbox +3 motor with 2-speed gearbox.

The extended range version of Warrior 917 adopts a 1.5T range finder and a three-motor power system with a front 1/ rear 2 layout. The total power of the three motors reaches 816 HP, and the peak torque can reach 1050 Nm. Together with the second-speed gearbox, it can bring extremely high rim torque, and the power parameters are very eye-catching.

Although the whole test drive experience has no road conditions to test the dynamic performance of the new car at the start of ejection, the whole road experience is carried out by formations on the national highway, but according to such dynamic data, the official acceleration of 6 seconds is not difficult to achieve.

Even if the new car weighs more than 3 tons, its power performance is still light and carefree. At the same time, the unusual comfort mode adjusts the motor to an output characteristic that is very suitable for daily commuting. The response of the accelerator pedal and the linearity of the output are very strong, which is easy to get started and improve the driving comfort, much like the experience of a large-displacement self-priming engine.

In addition to the dynamic performance, the steering, braking and suspension of the vehicle are all related to the driving mode, so that the overall driving and control experience of the vehicle can be unified. Unlike many electric cars, the power is very strong, but the steering and suspension pay more attention to comfort and have a strong sense of disconnection.

In addition, although the new car uses a non-loaded body, in order to support the weight of 3 tons, it adopts a strong supporting, that is, hard front and rear double wishbone independent suspension. Therefore, it retains a certain sense of suspension of the "girder vehicle" and has better road performance, but at a slight sacrifice in comfort.

Compared with the traditional hard-core SUV on the road, the sense of isolation will be weaker and the sense of road will be clearer, but it does not mean that the new car will be very bumpy, especially on the road with good road conditions.

On the unpaved road surface when crossing, the high-frequency bump filtering of gravel road will be slightly weaker than that of traditional hard-core SUV, and the body feeling in the car is still obvious; Including the left and right shaking of the potholed road surface, a certain buffer is sacrificed for the support of the suspension.

Because of this, the vehicle can cope with most potholes and climbing road conditions without supporting the bottom without adjusting the height of the air suspension. In addition, the all-terrain feedback system can actively identify the road conditions and automatically adjust the mode, so that the off-road white can easily drive the Warrior 917 to go off-road.

In addition, the new car adopts a steer-by-wire system at the rear wheel, and the maximum angle can reach 10.6 degrees. Not only can the turning radius be reduced to 5.1 meters by the reverse angle, but also the crab walk can be achieved by the same angle, and it can be easily translated in some narrow spaces. However, the actual effect of this model is still directly bound with the steering angle, and I look forward to a bigger angle to bring more practicality in the future.

Written at the end: Although this experience can’t give full play to the real strength of the Warrior 917, it can’t use the extreme off-road posture of the new car and the front and rear locks, but it is because of the relaxed experience and "fool-like" operation that we see its infinite potential. Such off-road ability, combined with unique design and endorsement of military brands, also makes it a great off-road toy with great personality.

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The Volvo XC90 New Energy creates its unique image with an elegant and refined exterior design. On the front face, the family-style design language is adopted, and the iconic Quake LED headlights are as sharp as eagle eyes, emitting a strong sense of technology. The intake grille is made of chrome material, which is exquisite and does not lose a sense of power. It blends smoothly with the body lines, showing the perfect combination of luxury and sports. In the overall style, the XC90 New Energy adheres to the essence of Scandinavian design. The simple outline and elegant curves are set against each other, showing Volvo’s unique interpretation of luxury and sustainability.

The Volvo XC90 new energy has smooth and elegant body lines, with length, width and height of 4953mm * 1958mm * 1772mm respectively, and a wheelbase of 2984mm, providing enough ductility for the interior space. The front and rear wheels are equipped with 275/45 R20 tires respectively, and the delicate wheel rim design not only ensures the stability and comfort of driving, but also adds to the visual impact of the vehicle.

The Volvo XC90 new energy interior design adheres to the brand’s Nordic luxury aesthetic, dominated by simplicity and practicality. The spacious interior space is wrapped in exquisite leather to provide a comfortable grip. Its manual up and down + front and rear adjustment functions ensure the driver’s personalized needs. The 9-inch touch screen on the center console is clear and easy to use, supports automatic speech recognition control, and is convenient for operating multimedia, navigation and telephone functions. USB and Type-C interfaces are rich in configuration. There are two interfaces in the front and rear rows to meet the passenger’s multimedia device connection needs. It is also equipped with wireless charging function of mobile phones, which enhances the sense of technology and practicality.

In terms of seats, the XC90 new energy adopts a design that combines fabric and leather, which not only ensures comfort, but also adds a touch of luxury. The main and passenger seats support front and rear adjustment, backrest adjustment and multi-directional electric adjustment, including high and low, leg rest and waist support, to ensure the comfort of long-distance driving. The driver and passenger seats are also equipped with electric seat memory function, which is convenient for remembering common sitting positions. The second row of seats also supports front and rear adjustment, providing passengers with greater spatial flexibility. The seat heating and ventilation function is particularly intimate in cold or hot seasons, while the massage function further enhances the riding experience.

For the Volvo XC90 New Energy, it is equipped with a powerful 2.0T engine with 310 horsepower output and a maximum torque of an astonishing 400 N. m. This engine, combined with an 8-speed automatic transmission, provides smooth power transmission and efficient performance, providing an excellent driving experience for the driver.

To sum up, the Autohome owner is quite satisfied with the evaluation of Volvo XC90 New Energy. He particularly appreciates the minimalist atmosphere of the body design and the detailed design of the Thor Hammer headlights and Viking Axe on the front. He said that these elements allow the vehicle to maintain elegance while also satisfying his personal preferences. Based on the feedback from the owner, the XC90 New Energy not only gives face in appearance, but also reflects the Volvo brand’s consideration of driver comfort and personalization.

　　CCTV News:Rainwater is the key period for Koharu management and Da Chun preparation for farming. Recently, the temperature has risen, and various agricultural production is under way in Jiangsu, Guizhou and Sichuan.

　　Huai ‘an, Jiangsu Province: Strengthening wheat field management to prevent "late spring cold"

　　As the temperature rises, wheat in Jiangsu Province will turn green, get up and jointing from south to north. However, the weather changes in rainy season, and there will be cold waves from time to time. The warm and cold weather is unfavorable for the growth of crops such as wheat. In Huai ‘an, Jiangsu and other places, agricultural technology experts went to the fields to guide farmers to focus on preventing the "late spring cold" freezing injury that may occur after wheat jointing.

　　Sihong, Jiangsu: Don’t miss the busy watermelon seedling raising in greenhouse during farming season.

　　In this watermelon planting cooperative in Yaogou Township, Sihong County, Jiangsu Province, melon farmers are busy carrying, watering and planting seedlings recently.

　　There are more than 10 grafting workers like Chen Lijuan in the cooperative, and they can graft 30,000 to 40,000 watermelon seedlings a day. Ordinary watermelon can’t be planted with continuous cropping, but after grafting watermelon seedlings on gourd seedlings, it can not only realize continuous cropping, but also resist Fusarium wilt and improve yield. It is by this grafting technique that high-quality watermelon seedlings can achieve "early spring", ensure listing in April and May, and help melon farmers increase their income and get rich.

　　Bijie, Guizhou Province: Nursery, topdressing and pruning people are diligent in spring and seize the day.

　　In Bijie, Guizhou, fruit farmers in Baohe Community of Lishu Town are taking advantage of the dormancy of fruit trees in early spring to topdress, weed and prune pear trees, and strive for a bumper harvest this year. In the rose planting base in Qingshan Village, Xiangshui Township, flower farmers are busy pruning and fertilizing roses by households. The villager Long Jinfen’s family planted more than 10 acres of roses. In 2020, the output value of roses in her family exceeded 3,000 yuan.

　　Shiqian, Guizhou: People are busy with early spring ploughing and production.

　　Fengxing Vegetable and Fruit Cooperative in Qunfeng Village, Guorong Township, Shiqian County, Guizhou Province adopts the "Orchard Plus" interplanting mode to make full use of land resources. At present, more than 200 acres of fruit trees have been planted here, and various seasonal vegetables such as cabbage and pepper have been interplanted in the meantime. During the Spring Festival holiday this year, many staff members came to the cooperative early and began to prepare for spring ploughing.

　　Zitong, Sichuan: UAV helps prevent and control 170,000 mu of rape pests and diseases.

　　In Zitong County, Sichuan Province, due to the rapid warming of the weather, the flowering period of rape is advanced, and it is now in the critical period of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum prevention and control. However, a large number of young and middle-aged people in rural areas are working outside the home and celebrating the New Year on the spot, and there is a shortage of labor. During the Spring Festival, Zitong County Plant Protection UAV Brigade worked overtime and went to all parts of the county to carry out flight defense operations.

　　According to the staff, compared with the traditional manual pesticide control, the labor force and drug cost per mu of flying prevention work are reduced by 45%, which not only ensures the safety of oil production, but also alleviates the problem of rural labor shortage.

　　Summer of the Band is a hit. In the three months since the program was broadcast, 70,000 netizens rushed into Douban and scored 8.7 points for it. Baidu’s search index peaked at over 845,000, which was basically the highest among variety shows in the first half of the year. In the first 11 issues of the program, a total of 233 hot search lists were occupied in the whole network; It also produced more than 14,000 media reports … … All these data show that in this summer, the bands conquered the audience with musicality and personal charm.

　　Summer of the Band really ignited this "summer". Recently, the producer Ma Dong, the chief producer Judith Mou, the band representative Shen Lihui, the founder of Modern Sky, and the band representatives attended several forums, which let us know more stories before and after the show and the changes brought to too many people.

　　Reveal the past

　　Xu’s two "soul tortures" won Shen Lihui.

　　A year ago, Ma Dong and Judith Mou approached Shen Lihui, the founder of Modern Sky, and said that they wanted to make a variety show of bands and invited the signing bands of Modern Sky to participate. At that time, Xu conquered Shen Lihui with two "soul tortures": "First, do you believe in the resources of iQiyi’s S+ level? Second, do you believe in Miwei Media? " The two sides finalized the cooperation within ten minutes. With the help of Shen Lihui, Xu got in touch with music institutions such as Taihe and Street Sound, and by the way, he also settled the broadcasting platform iQiyi.

　　In Summer of the Band, the importance of Shen Lihui and the modern sky is obvious. Among the 31 teams participating in the competition, there are five bands, including New Pants and Painful Yang, which belong to Modern Sky. Half of the top seven programs are from Modern Sky, and New Pants and Painful Yang, the top two of HOT5, both signed contracts with Shen Lihui.

　　When you find Shen Lihui, you actually find the key to the band.

　　Respect works and highlight musicians’ personality.

　　In Ma Dong’s memory, during the recording of the program, "all kinds of accidents happen every day". Comparing the differences between idol programs and band programs, Judith Mou said, "If I do idol programs, I may have more control over myself. However, when doing band programs, we must always remind the planning team to collect some, because the band’s energy is too great, and the musicians are very individual. All we can do is give advice, and every band will communicate when choosing songs. "

　　Chen Hui, the lead singer of the Face Band who participated in the competition, said, "We refused to be on the show before. I met my third brother (bassist Ou Yang) several times, and I felt that we would not be in danger when the time came, but we had integrity. We were actually the last to join the show. " Chen Hui admitted that the reason why he agreed to participate in the competition was moved by Miwei Media. "Summer of the Band completely broke the contents of the reality show, that is, it highlighted the music and showed great respect for the personalities and works of all musicians. This is the best place for the program."

　　Of course, the running-in between the two sides is also skillful. One of the keys is that "80% of our band program directors are girls." Judith Mou said.

　　Chen Hui’s experience is, "A 20-year-old girl tells you, ‘ Tran Huy Nang can’t change another song, this one really can’t stand it ’ . We will change the song immediately. "

　　Reveal the status quo

　　"Do you know how much Peng Lei earns a year?"

　　In China’s music ecological environment, it is a commonplace topic that independent musicians have a hard life. Many people think that the band is in a worse situation. However, when "Summer of the Band" dragged these bands who "cherish integrity and refuse business" to the public, people found that there was a big gap between the real situation and the imagination.

　　"After about three episodes of the program, a girl I haven’t contacted for many years suddenly transferred 10,000 yuan to me on WeChat, ‘ Please be sure to give it to Peng Lei, he is too difficult. ’ I replied, ‘ Do you know how much he earns a year? ’” Peng Lei’s new pants band has signed a contract with Modern Sky for 22 years. "The band has a fixed income to participate in the music festival. Before" Summer of the Band ",New Pants had a performance of 400,000 and admired 450,000." Shen Lihui once posted an account in an interview with Guiquan. "There are 300 music festivals in China a year, and (the band) sings 20 times, with an annual income of nearly 10 million; Livehouse, which is divided into box offices, plays 50 performances a year. If a ticket costs 200 yuan per game, 1,000 spectators will be 200,000. " After taking part in the program, the appearance fee of mourning did not go up, but New Pants probably went up by 12%. Shen Lihui believes that these two bands have already started from a very high level. The most direct change brought to New Pants by participating in the program is the increase in the number of fans. Halfway through the show, the new pants band was 880 thousand short of millions of fans. By the end of the show, their fans had exceeded 1.15 million.

　　In Judith Mou’s words, New Pants went to the show with admiration, "It is most important that they have fun". In the "summer", I am afraid that young bands like Hedgehog Band, penicillin, click#15, Fruit VC and Jiulian Zhenren who have been suffering for many years have benefited the most.

　　Although fruity VC was eliminated in the first round, lead singer Liu Zitao said, "At this time of last year, we had an average of three performances, and this year we have seven, and the number has really improved"; Liu Jin, convener of Indie Works, said that the commercial prices of its branded bands such as Hedgehog and click#15 have increased more than 10 times on the original basis; "Summer" made Mr.Miss’s fame soar geometrically, the number of jobs increased greatly, and his income increased slightly.

　　Variety is moving closer to valuable music.

　　For the faces who are at the top of the band’s food chain like "New Pants", going on the show mainly brings spiritual satisfaction. "Many people saw us and joined us in Weibo, and then they will come wherever we perform. We touched ‘ Summer ’ The light is not only us, but many people listen to the songs of the previous era and even listen to the bands of that era to feel that era because of us. I think this is meaningful. "Chen Hui said.

　　At the same time, Chen Hui also believes that "summer" is stained with the light of the face. "I think the face band may make" Summer of the Band "more upscale." Shen Lihui agrees with this statement of mutual fulfillment. "There is no contradiction between variety and music. Take ourselves as an example, because ‘ Fast man ’ Singing "Miss Dong" gave us a bigger spread point. Later, ‘ Good voice ’ "Nanshan South" was sung again, and the program group wanted to invite Ma Di (the original singer) to sing with the students. As a result, he would not go anyway. "

　　Shen Lihui said, "At least seven or eight variety shows are related to original music this year. When variety shows are leaning towards original music and moving closer to truly valuable music, there are not so many contradictions between the two, which is a general trend. "

　　Questioning the future

　　For the people with the strongest purchasing power or for young people?

　　Why is Summer of the Band popular? Many people think that its success can’t be separated from two reasons. First, it found a good band, and second, it caught the silent middle-aged people. Some people who don’t watch variety shows began to watch variety shows, and some people who don’t listen to rock music began to listen to rock music. However, the latter point may not be consistent with Ma Dong’s idea. "I don’t understand what a circle is. From the perspective of customer service, marketing and market positioning, everything should have this strong awareness — — To serve more people. In our hearts, Miwei has always been a targeted content production organization serving young people, targeting people aged 18-35, that is, the people with the strongest overall purchasing power. "

　　He took Miwei Media’s fist product "Qi Pa Shuo" as an example. "In the first season, our general director was 25 years old, and by the fourth season, he was almost 30 years old. So did the audience who accompanied us all the way down. They were our iron fans. They asked the program to be deeper and more philosophical, but most young people didn’t buy it.

　　"So in the fifth season, we put down these iron powders — — Put their opinions aside. We think we should still serve people aged 20-25. In the first season of Qipa Shuo, they were still watching Happy Camp. At that time, they were 15 years old and were not bothered by love, workplace, relationship with their parents and many social factors at all. By the time they were 20 years old, when he began to worry, the fifth season of Qipa Shuo might help these young people. As a result, the traffic data in the fifth quarter of "Qi Yu Shuo" has more than doubled compared with the fourth quarter. "

　　This strategy will also be used in the second season of Summer of the Band. "Maybe the first season of" Summer of the Band "today touched the memories of many people in their 30s around me. But I said what the goal of the second season is to be younger and let the band resonate with more young people. On this basis, we believe that what really touches people is the content itself, not what you originally called market positioning and direction. "

　　Can it awaken the enthusiasm of middle-aged people for music festivals?

　　Serving young people may be more urgent for the band. "In the past, we never looked at the data, just follow what we like, but we occasionally looked at the data in the last two years." Shen Lihui introduced that strawberry music festival can sell about 1 million tickets offline every year.

　　How old is the strawberry music festival? The data shows that about 80% of the audience at the peak of Strawberry Music Festival are 19 years old, 18-mdash; 20-year-olds account for nearly 80%-90% of the body mass, and about 75% of them are girls. The mainstream audience of MDSK Music Festival dominated by Hip-Hop is younger — — Seventeen years old.

　　"The audience at the festival is really young. Foreign music festivals can see many people aged 40 and 50. China is completely different. When China is 30 and 40 years old, life is completely different. This is a topic we have to think about. " Shen Lihui said.

　　So, did Summer of the Band awaken the middle-aged people’s enthusiasm for music festivals? Shen Lihui replied, "In terms of the number of the whole music festival, there may be a big or small increase. In terms of the ticket sales speed of the music festival, we found that this program will be faster later, but for the whole music festival, there is not such a big change, indicating that many people have not turned into action."

　　Text/Reporter Zuwei Coordinator/Man Yi

The five strongest lineups of the Twin Cities Cup in the Battle of the Golden Shovel: the White Devil Bodyguard Sniper, the Variant Holy Shield Big Mouth Lineup, the Syndicate Akali, the Pinduoduo Blasting and Killing the Rat King, and the Reward Turn to the Ninth Five-Year Plan. These lineups have all climbed to the top on five platforms, including an upgraded version of the White Devil Bodyguard Sniper — — Jess, who keeps secrets, is particularly prominent.

　

First, the battle of the golden shovel The lineup of the White Devil bodyguards in the Twin Cities Cup qualifiers

1. The white magic bodyguard being a hero:

Miss Doom, Ember, Bloom, Jess, Tariq, brits, Arianna, Janna, Yumi.

　

2. White magic bodyguard sniper equipment:

Leona’s preferred equipment:An archangel’s staff, a sniper’s coat of arms, a spear of a new moon.

Ember preferred equipment:The last whisper, giant catcher, mercury

Jess preferred equipment:Titan’s determination, thorn armor, African claws

Bloom preferred equipment:Thorn armor, African claws, fanatic armor

Youmi preferred equipment:morellon omicon

3. White Magic Bodyguard Sniper Heicks Technology:

The heart of the sniper, the soul of the white wizard, standing behind me, the heart of the bodyguard, hitting the weakness and soaring.

Second, the battle of the golden shovel The Shuangcheng Cup qualifier variant Shengdun big mouth lineup

1. The mutant saint shield big mouth hero:

Galen, Kemo, Catherine, Graves, Mondo, Jess, brits, Casadin, Tam.

2. Variant holy shield big mouth equipment:

Galen preferred equipment:Maniac armor, African claws, thorn armor.

Kekemo’s preferred equipment: the violent blade of Ghost Rope, the fist of justice, and the giant catcher.

3. Variation of Shengdun Big Mouth Heicks Technology:

Badminton player I, the heart of the holy shield, soaring, the heart of the mutant warrior, unstable evolution, and fighting spirit against the wind

　

Third, the battle of the golden shovel Syndicate Akali lineup in the Twin Cities Cup qualifiers

1. Syndicate Akali hero:

Akali, Sacco, Bloom, Jiela, Dreius, Tariq, Janna, Arianna.

2. Syndicate Akali equipment:

Akali preferred equipment:Infinity edge, guardian angel, archangel’s staff

Bloom preferred equipment:Maniac armor, African claws, thorn armor.

Sacco preferred equipment:Infinity edge, the violent blade of Guisuo

Jiela preferred equipment:morellon omicon

3. Syndicate Akali Heicks Technology:

The crown of the syndicate, the crown of the assassin, the smoke bomb, the battle of cutting throat, soaring, the heart of the syndicate

　

Fourth, the battle of the golden shovel, the Twin Cities Cup qualifier, Pinduoduo exploded and killed the rat king lineup

1. Pinduoduo killed the hero of the rat king:

Twitch, Camille, Isoriel, Kieran, Xin Jide, Warwick, Jess, Salfenny.

2. Pinduoduo blasting kill flowing rat king equipment:

Twitch’s preferred equipment:Infinity edge, the last whisper, Hurricane Luana.

Camille’s preferred equipment:Redemption, African Claw, Thorn Armor

Akali preferred equipment:Archangel’s staff, guardian angel

Xin Jide’s preferred equipment:morellon omicon

Isoriel’s preferred equipment:Thief gloves

Jess preferred equipment:Thief gloves

3. Pinduoduo explodes and kills the stray rat Wang Haike Technology:

Direct attack weakness, featherweight player II, golden ticket, Pandora’s equipment, instant injection, featherweight player III.

　

Five, the battle of the golden shovel Shuangcheng Cup qualifiers bounty to the ninth five-year line-up

1. The bounty turns to the hero of the Ninth Five-Year Plan:

Early stage:Bounty hunters: Illaoi, Tam, Captain, Female Gun, Quinn 4 fights: Tam, Wei, Mondo, Zach (Big Bug).

Later period:Jin Kesi, Kasha, Jess, Tam, Yumi, Gariod, Mondo.

2. Bounty to Ninth Five-Year Plan Equipment:

Kasha:Ghost rope’s violent blade, pearlescent armguard, fist of justice.

Jinkesi: Pearl Guard, infinity edge, Giant Catcher

Jess:Thorn armor, Titan’s determination, African cat: ghost book, auxiliary outfit

Tam:Faqiangzhuang

Mondo:African claw, thorn armor, fanatic armor.

3. The reward is transferred to Heicks Science and Technology in the Ninth Five-Year Plan:

Bounty hunter’s soul, bounty hunter’s heart, ancient archives, clear mind, unexpected wealth, fighter’s soul, Titan’s strength, high-end shopping.

　

　

　　BEIJING, July 5 (Xinhua)-Confrontation and dialogue, conflict and compromise have always been two opposing and interdependent aspects in the international political arena. In the past six months in 2013, the global situation has been fluctuating, and there are many tense confrontations and dialogues that attract worldwide attention, from which we can find some threads of the development of the international situation.

　　The first US dollar dialogue: "No tie" lights up Sino-US diplomacy.

　　There is no 21-gun salute, no honor guard and welcoming ceremony, and there is no need to sit at the negotiating table … At the beginning of June this year, the meeting between the heads of state of China and the United States, unlike the previous "no tie", attracted the attention of Chinese people and the whole world.

　　On June 7-8, the Supreme Leader of president, China and US President Barack Obama met in California. This is the first face-to-face contact between the Chinese and American heads of state after the change of government.

　　The dialogue between the heads of state of China and the United States is very special. The meeting place was not the White House, but the picturesque California manor. The leaders of the two sides opened their shirts and collars without ties, saving all red tape. The "no tie" dialogue enabled the two heads of state to have heart-to-heart and in-depth exchanges on major issues in a relaxed and private environment.

　　In the two days, the time spent by the heads of state of China and the United States together exceeded eight hours. Diaoyu Island issue, South China Sea issue, cyber security, North Korean nuclear issue, economic cooperation … At this "no tie meeting", the two heads of state openly and frankly communicated and discussed many issues. The two sides not only talk about cooperation, but also avoid differences. The time, quality, depth and breadth of interaction are unprecedented.

　　As a result of the talks, the two heads of state agreed to work together to build a new type of relationship between China and the United States, promote the construction of a new type of military relationship between China and the United States, and respect each other and win-win cooperation. The handshake between China, the world’s largest developing country, and the leader of the world’s largest developed country, the Supreme Leader, and Obama at California Manor opened a new chapter in Sino-US "trans-Pacific cooperation".

　　Dialogue between the Korean and Korean authorities: it seems like a bright future, but the mountains are heavy.

　　In the first half of this year, the situation on the Korean Peninsula seemed to be on a "roller coaster", which rose and fell in just a few months, but suddenly turned around at the critical moment. However, even if you are willing to "talk", it is still full of twists and turns.

　　In the past few months, the situation on the peninsula has really made people sweat: North Korea conducted a nuclear test, South Korea-US military exercises, the hotline between South Korea and North Korea was cut off, North Korea restarted its nuclear reactor, and the Kaesong Industrial Park completely stopped running … All kinds of signs once made the outside world think that the Korean peninsula had reached a state of "war is imminent".

　　However, since May, North Korea has clearly expressed its willingness to talk to the international community by receiving the Japanese Prime Minister’s adviser and sending a special envoy to visit China. At the beginning of June, North Korea even abandoned its previous tough attitude and made a rare proposal for intergovernmental dialogue to South Korea.

　　The South Korean government quickly seized the opportunity of North Korea’s "goodwill". Just a few days later, the director-level working talks between the ROK and the DPRK were held in Panmunjom, paving the way for the next ministerial talks.

　　然而，就在外界看好局势发展的当口，情况却发生转折性变化。朝鲜以韩方会谈团长“级别过低”为由，单方面宣布取消原定于12日举行的当局会谈。

　　韩朝6月初的政府间对话就这样几乎在最后一刻中断，但7月4日，新的消息传来：韩朝一致同意于6日在板门店举行工作会谈。此外，朝鲜还表示愿意重返六方会谈。韩朝间看似“柳暗花明”、实则“山重水复”的沟通能否顺利继续，值得关注。

　　美国、阿富汗、塔利班：陷入“三角债”困局的谈判

　　12年前，美军进入阿富汗与塔利班武装人员作战，打响“9?11”袭击后的反恐战争“第一战”，就在历经12年战争、死伤数千人之后，阿富汗局势似乎初露和谈曙光，但却因美国、阿富汗政府、塔利班之间的“三角”纠葛搁浅。

　　6月18日，阿富汗塔利班宣布在多哈开设和谈办公室，随后有美国官员确认美方将与塔利班进行直接谈判。此举引起阿政府不满，阿总统卡尔扎伊19日宣布中止阿美《双边安全协议》协商进程，同时取消阿高级和平委员会赴多哈和谈安排。由于遭到阿政府强烈抗议，原定于20日举行的美国和塔利班首次会面被取消。

　　When the news of the talks was released, international public opinion was cautiously optimistic about it. Some analysts believe that the deep-seated reason for the delay in the negotiations is that the three parties have their own "wishful thinking", and the negotiations will be a dilemma with no end in sight.

　　Through negotiations, the United States wants the Taliban to publicly renounce its relations with Al Qaeda, end its violence in Afghanistan and recognize the Afghan Constitution. The United States should avoid giving people the impression of walking away and seek a dignified withdrawal from Afghanistan; The purpose of the Afghan government is to "woo" the Taliban, persuade them to lay down their arms, join the government-led reconciliation process, and maintain and consolidate the government’s orthodoxy and legal status; The Taliban, from the position of strength, tried to share power with the government through negotiations, so as to gain time, gradually expand and restore the Taliban regime.

　　The analysis believes that after more than 10 years of war, the balance of power among the three parties has undergone a fundamental change. Although the three parties came to the negotiating table under the banner of reconciliation process, they all wanted to get something that could not be achieved on the battlefield at the negotiating table, which doomed the negotiations to be difficult to make substantive progress.

　　Just when the negotiations ran aground, the violence cast a heavier shadow on them. On June 25, the presidential palace in Afghanistan was attacked by Taliban militants, and four armed men died in an exchange of fire with the police. This is an attack launched by the Taliban against the highest-level targets in Afghanistan since its offensive in April this year.

　　Although after the violence, US President Barack Obama and Afghan President Hamid Karzai reiterated their support for negotiations with the Afghan Taliban. However, it is still difficult to predict when the peace talks facing many variables will start. The peace process in Afghanistan remains worrying.

　　Difficult situation in Syria: domestic dialogue is hopeless and international conference is difficult to produce.

　　In the middle of 2013, the Syrian crisis, which lasted for more than two years, is still far from being resolved. Bashar al-Assad, who "sticks to" the presidency, has very different political views from the Syrian opposition. The two sides are still mired in the deadlock of confrontation and confrontation, and the road to dialogue and reconciliation is still long.

　　In January this year, Assad put forward a new peace initiative and transition plan, calling for national dialogue to end internal conflicts. However, Assad’s peace initiative did not bring dawn to the chaotic situation in Syria. The Syrian opposition said that unless Assad stepped down or did not have any preconditions, there would be no dialogue.

　　For more than half a year, the Syrian government forces and the opposition have continued to wage a tug-of-war in Syria’s major towns. The two sides have blamed each other on whether to use chemical weapons and whether to kill civilians indiscriminately. The extent to which the domestic security situation in Syria has deteriorated is not difficult to see from the latest data released by the United Nations-it is conservatively estimated that at least 93,000 people have died in the Syrian crisis.

　　In addition, the Geneva International Conference on Syria, which was expected to find a political solution to the Syrian crisis, was also delayed. Since the beginning of June, the United Nations, the United States, Russia, Syria and other parties have held many consultations, but still failed to reach an agreement on key issues such as the convening time and participants. On June 25th, the United Nations-Arab League Joint Special Representative for Syria Brahimi said that the meeting scheduled for July could not be held as scheduled because the Syrian opposition was still not ready.

　　At the same time, at the beginning of June, when the war situation began to develop in favor of the Syrian government forces, more than a dozen countries, including the United States, decided to provide emergency military assistance to the opposition in Syria in order to "balance the domestic forces in Syria."

　　But there is no doubt that such a "balance" will only aggravate the antagonistic situation in Syria and make the political solution to the crisis farther away from Syria. When the two sides in Syria can start a dialogue and when the Syrian people can regain peace will remain a long-term problem.

　　Conclusion:

　　Take stock of the conversations worth reviewing in the first half of this year, including successes, failures and unresolved issues. No matter how fierce the confrontation is, "dialogue" is still a good way to solve problems and bridge the differences between the opposing sides. In the future, confrontation and conflict will inevitably continue in the international political arena, but people still hope that there will be more and more dialogues and communication in the international community in the future, injecting more "catalysts" for achieving peace and reconciliation.

-Speech at the 11th Five-Year Scientific Research Work Conference of the State Language Commission.

　　Vice Minister of Education and Director of the State Language Committee　　 Zhao qinping

　　(28 November 2006)

Dear experts and comrades,

　　The 11th Five-Year Scientific Research Conference of the State Language Commission was held here today to summarize the scientific research work of the State Language Commission and local language commissions during the 10th Five-Year Plan, discuss the 11th Five-Year Scientific Research Plan for the application of spoken and written languages, and study and deploy the scientific research work of the language commission system. At the same time, the 43rd national Putonghua proficiency tester qualification examination training course started here today. Putonghua training test is one of the three basic measures to promote Putonghua, which has made remarkable achievements in the past ten years. I would also like to take this opportunity to express my gratitude to the vast number of testers, experts and scholars who participated in testing research and comrades in various regions and industries who care about and support this cause!

　　Below I will talk about three aspects of the scientific research work on the application of language and characters in the Eleventh Five-Year Plan.

　　Building a harmonious language life is the goal of language work.

　　On October 11th, 2006, the Sixth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) adopted the Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Several Major Issues in Building a Harmonious Socialist Society. The "Decision" holds that: "Social harmony is the essential attribute of Socialism with Chinese characteristics and an important guarantee for the country’s prosperity, national rejuvenation and people’s happiness." "Social harmony is the unremitting goal of our party."

　　Language is the most important symbol system for human communication and thinking, an important part of culture and the most important cultural carrier. The attribute of language determines that language life is an important part of social life, and the harmony of language life is an important manifestation of social harmony and an important factor to promote social harmony. To build a harmonious society, language and writing workers have an important historical mission.

　　At present, China’s language life is harmonious on the whole, but there are also many problems that need to be treated scientifically and properly. For example:

　　1. The relationship between Mandarin and dialects;

　　2. The relationship between the languages of all ethnic groups in China;

　　3. The relationship between mother tongue education and foreign language learning;

　　4. Protection of endangered languages;

　　5. The relationship between the international spread of Chinese and the domestic language and writing work;

　　6. The communication of language life between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait;

　　7. Language communication among Chinese communities in the world;

　　8. Language and writing problems in virtual space in China.

　　To treat the problems in current language life scientifically and properly, we must understand the national conditions of the language. It is necessary to monitor and study the situation of language life, especially the hot issues of language life, and make a scientific analysis by setting up a national language resource monitoring and research center. It is necessary to advocate a pragmatic style of study, support the field investigation of local languages, and support the investigation and study of language life in all fields of society. We should pay attention to summing up the historical achievements of language and writing work in China, draw lessons from foreign experience reasonably, and be good at summing up the laws from today’s work practice. It is necessary to strengthen the publicity of the national language policy and language standards, attach importance to the popularization of linguistic scientific achievements, actively provide high-quality language services to the society, help all sectors of society and the general public solve the language problems they encounter, and guide the language life to develop in a harmonious direction.　

　　Second, language science is the basis for doing a good job in language and writing.

　　The development of language and writing is regular, and the work of language and writing must follow the development law of language and writing. Language life is constantly developing and changing, and language work must grasp the basic situation and development trend of language life.

　　Great achievements have been made in the language and writing work in New China for more than 50 years, which has made important contributions to China’s cultural construction, scientific and educational development and economic and social progress, and also provided a solid foundation for today’s national informatization process. At the end of March this year, the meeting held by the Ministry of Education and the State Language Committee to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the publication of the State Council’s Resolution on the Simplification of Chinese Characters and the Instruction on Promoting Putonghua, and the academic seminar on the standardization of language and characters jointly held by the Institute of Linguistics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and the Institute of Language Application of the Ministry of Education have made a good summary. Of course, there have been some mistakes in the work of language and writing in history, leaving a profound lesson. Historical practice shows that the effectiveness of language work depends on the understanding of the law of language development and the understanding of language life and its development trend. Therefore, in order to do a good job in language and writing, we must strengthen the research of language science.

　　In language science, basic research is very important, and the application research of language and writing plays a more direct role in the work of national language and writing. The basic research needs to be strengthened, but the applied research of language and writing develops late, with less achievements, which needs to be strengthened more. We should strive to form a relatively complete discipline system and education system of applied linguistics within a few years, establish a number of dynamic scientific research bases and talent training bases of applied linguistics, and cultivate a large number of applied linguistics talents with modern academic vision, innovative consciousness and compound nature to meet the needs of the country for applied linguistics. The discipline construction of applied linguistics should be put on the agenda, and a seminar on the discipline construction of applied linguistics can be held when necessary. The discipline construction of applied linguistics is more extensive than the scientific research of applied linguistics, including the construction of bases, the determination of research directions, the construction of teaching staff and the setting of degrees. From the perspective of scientific research, discipline construction emphasizes the research direction; From the perspective of personnel training, it emphasizes knowledge structure and curriculum system.

　　The country pays more and more attention to the interdisciplinary research between natural science and humanities. Applied linguistics is an applied discipline, especially with information technology, and also involves psychology, law, education and so on. In the past, the key laboratories of the Ministry of Education paid little attention to interdisciplinary subjects, especially those lacking the intersection of natural science and social science. In recent years, the country has begun to promote interdisciplinary subjects, especially the combination of natural science and social science, such as new media and digital art. Applied linguistics, especially computational linguistics, is a typical combination of information technology and linguistics. We should establish some bases in these areas, and these bases can become key laboratories of the Ministry of Education to a certain extent. I hope to see such key laboratories during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period. The knowledge structure of applied linguistics talents should have at least three aspects: linguistic knowledge, interdisciplinary knowledge (such as information technology) and related cultural qualities.

　　Informatization is a subject that all countries in the world are very concerned about. Standardization and informatization of language and characters are the basis of realizing social informatization. It is important to promote the standardization and informatization of language and writing as an important task of applied linguistics research and as an important task of national language and writing work. At the same time, we should also pay attention to the introduction of modern information technology achievements into language research, into the application of social language and writing, and into the work of language and writing, so as to realize the modernization of language research means and language and writing work means.

　　 It is necessary to strengthen the research on the evaluation system of language and characters. The Putonghua training test in China has been carried out for more than ten years and has made great achievements. The proficiency test of Chinese characters is about to begin, and I believe it will also play a good social role. The Chinese Proficiency Test (HSK) for Chinese as a second language and the Chinese Proficiency Test (MSK) for ethnic minorities have been implemented successively, which has achieved good social reputation. However, we still lack the language proficiency assessment system of Chinese as the mother tongue. On the one hand, it is necessary to gradually improve the current Putonghua proficiency test and writing application ability test, and gradually adopt modern means to improve the quality and efficiency of testing and management; At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the research on the evaluation system of language application in some important countries in the world, and strive to complete the comprehensive evaluation system of Chinese native speakers’ language ability in recent years in order to meet the needs of mother tongue education in schools at all levels and meet the needs of social industry access system and on-the-job training. This evaluation system, in cooperation with HSK and MSK, can form a complete Chinese proficiency test system in China.

　　Promoting scientific research is an important task for language committees at all levels.

　　Language and writing work is social, contemporary and academic. Especially in the current society, language concepts are diversified and language life is complicated. Language and writing management is always facing new situations and solving new problems. Therefore, it is necessary to have a solid scientific research as the foundation and a large number of experts as the backing to do a good job and improve the quality and efficiency of the work. Promoting the study of language science is an important task of language committees at all levels.

　　There are many departments concerned about language science research, and there are also many foundations involved in language research. In close contact with these departments and foundations, the State Language Committee should also formulate its own scientific research plan, set up scientific research teams and guide and coordinate the scientific research work of local language committees according to the work functions entrusted by the state. Apply for projects through multiple channels and strive for project funds. Because applied linguistics is an interdisciplinary subject, evaluation system and software construction can all apply for project funds from the science and technology department.

　　Local language and writing institutions should scientifically plan their local scientific research work, have the initiative to coordinate the local language and writing research work, and play an important role in the local language and writing research work. Local language committees should put scientific research on the agenda, incorporate it into the relevant work evaluation index system, implement the responsibility of scientific research management to people, and gradually form an incentive mechanism for language research. It is necessary to formulate scientific research plans according to local conditions, scientifically solve problems in local language life through academic research, and make contributions to the national language and writing research work. We should pay attention to the role of local universities and academic groups and rely on experts and scholars closely. It is necessary to give full play to subjective initiative, raise funds for scientific research in various ways, and comprehensively use traditional means and modern information technology to do a good job in publicizing and popularizing language policies and language norms and standards. Scientific research should be regarded as a new bright spot in the work of the Language Committee in the new period, so that the quality and management level of language and writing work in various places can be effectively improved through scientific research.

　　Comrades, during the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, with the efforts of national language researchers and language committees at all levels, China’s language application research has achieved fruitful results, and remarkable progress has been made in the development of language standards, information-processing-oriented language application research, tracking and monitoring of social language life, and modernization of research methods and information service means. A new situation has emerged in the national and local language and writing work, and new achievements and measures have been made in the legal construction of language and writing work, the evaluation of urban language and writing, the promotion of Putonghua, and the construction of language and writing training and evaluation system. On this basis, China’s future language and writing work, China’s future language and writing scientific research work, will certainly achieve greater results.

　　We should strive to promote the harmony of language life and contribute to the sustainable development of the country, the construction of an innovative country and the construction of a harmonious society!

　　Thank you!　

?Editor’s　Note:

Novel coronavirus is spreading around the world at an alarming rate, but we should not be surprised. Globalization has brought systemic risks. As the links between trade, finance, tourism, internet and other fields become closer and larger, they also become more complex and unstable.

Edward Lorenz, the father of chaos theory, pointed out that a butterfly flapping its wings over Brazil may trigger a tornado in Texas, USA. The increasingly integrated and complicated global economy makes it more vulnerable to the consequences of "Butterfly Defect". For example, major airport hubs are powerful promoters of the positive effects of globalization, but they are also powerful communicators of the negative effects of globalization, and one of the "public hazards" they spread is epidemic diseases.

The PUP author from Oxford University, who is to be introduced to you today, warned governments in a book published six years ago that the systemic risks brought by globalization would threaten all of us, and the next global crisis would probably stem from the widespread epidemic of a disease.

The extensive connection of people leads to health risks

The density and intensity of contact between people and between people and animals are the decisive factors for the development and spread of epidemic diseases. In 1967, Stanley Milgram conducted an experiment to quantify global connectivity. He found that people can meet any stranger through at most six people.

In 2011, Facebook analyzed its 721 million users worldwide, trying to find out how many steps it takes to establish contact between any two people. It turns out that even though users are separated by thousands of miles, any two users only need 4.7 "friends" on average to be connected.

Population growth and the expansion of travel scope, coupled with the intentional or unintentional transshipment of animals (mice on board or mosquitoes on the plane), have rapidly increased the risk of epidemic spread. As we saw in the SARS epidemic in 2003, a toxic pathogen usually only needs short contact to infect someone and spread it. This makes airplanes and international travel become vectors of disease transmission.

High concentration of people raises health risks.

In 2025, the proportion of urban population in the world is expected to rise to 70%. The population density in Tokyo is as high as 5,847 people per square kilometer, and one in every 25 people lives in a mega-city, so it is necessary to "monitor, prepare and respond to infectious diseases". This practice is very important everywhere, especially in places with high population density and poor sanitary conditions, places where people are in close contact with animals, and places where water sources are easily polluted.

The risk of agglomeration will also amplify the connectivity risk within urban agglomerations and around the world, especially because major airport hubs are often located next to these cities. If an infectious disease originated in a metropolis, it is almost impossible to stop it from spreading around the world. Large cities are also usually inhabited by floating population and businessmen connected with other continents.

Gossip and Panic —— Information Management in Epidemic Prevention and Control

Now, all kinds of information and rumors can spread almost instantaneously through the Internet and social media. With this ability, the risk of panic related to infectious diseases has also increased dramatically, which has doubled the complexity of epidemic management.

Information management is essential, because panic may systematically aggravate the danger of the epidemic: during the epidemic prevention and control period, the government needs to control the flow of people and drugs, and if people frantically buy and hoard drugs, masks and other materials out of panic at this time, many important services will be greatly affected by people’s reaction.

When trying to prevent large-scale panic, governments may also choose to suppress some important information. In the social network of the financial world, there is evidence that "individual decision makers usually pay attention to the behaviors, decisions and even beliefs of others who have social contact with them (such as the perception of risks)." It is in this sense that innovation and technology also increase the risk of infectious diseases; In addition to tangible channels of transmission, we also need to be aware of the existence of risks related to "social" infection.

Another challenge comes from the management of the dissemination of sensitive research information. For example, the debate revolves around the US government’s decision to ask the major scientific journals Nature and Science to suspend publishing research on the evolution of H5N1 influenza virus. According to Medical News Today, although these studies were finally published, they were "shelved because the international community was worried that making these data public would make it easier for terrorists to make chemical and biological weapons".

PUP content express:

The Butterfly Defect:　

How Globalization Creates Systemic Risks, and What to Do about It

　

Author: Ian Goldin and Mike Mariathasan

Publication date: October 20, 2015 (paperback edition)

ISBN:　9780691168425

Highlights of the book

The Butterfly Defect emphasizes the widening gap between the new systemic risks arising from globalization and its effective management. This book shows that the turbocharged globalization power has the potential and power to undermine the stability of our society. Ian Goldin and Mike Mariathasan borrowed the latest insights from various disciplines and provided practical guidance for governments, enterprises and individuals on how to better cope with globalization and its risks.

Goldin and Mariathasan proved that systemic risk problems are now ubiquitous in supply chain, epidemic, infrastructure, ecology and climate change, economy and politics. Unless we solve these problems, they will lead to greater protectionism, xenophobia, nationalism, and inevitable de-globalization, increased inequality, conflicts and slower development.

The Butterfly Defect shows that in an interconnected world, reducing uncertainty and risk is an important task for our future development.

About the author:

Ian Goldin & Mike Mariathasan

　

Ian Goldin

Dean of Martin College, Oxford University, UK, Professor of Globalization and International Development Department, Oxford University.

Mike Mariathasan

Assistant Professor, Department of Finance, University of Leuven, Belgium

　　After 70 years, India’s 200 million Dalits are still "like dirt" and it is difficult to break through the caste barrier

　　[Special correspondent of Global Times in India Zhou Liangchen Special correspondent of Global Times Zhang Xiaozhu Global Times reporter Xing Xiaotong] On the 25th, India officially welcomed Cowende, the president from the untouchable class. This is the second untouchable president in 20 years. Because Cowend’s campaign opponent is also an "untouchable", this makes many people feel that "untouchable" is getting more and more attention in India, and their spring has come. The actual situation is far from so optimistic. In the decades since Indian law abolished the caste system, although the lives of the people in Park Jung Su (also known as untouchables) at the bottom have been greatly improved, and many elites have emerged from the political and business circles, they are, after all, a very small number of the 200 million untouchables. In Indian society dominated by Hinduism, especially in rural areas, most "untouchables" are still deeply bound by traditional "hidden rules". Although the modern democratic electoral system has made "untouchables" the darling of the election season, the reality is that "someone here is not disturbed by his life experience when he becomes president, and it is embarrassing to be murdered and raped there."

　　Contrast-someone is president and someone is on hunger strike.

　　"A Da Park Jung Su has become the president of this country, but in a village in Andhra Pradesh, 300 Da Park Jung Su families are facing social exclusion." On the 25th, Cowende, who was born as a Dalit, was formally sworn in as the President of India, which was a big day for the large Dalit class. However, the website of India Today reported that more than 300 Dalit families in Andhra Pradesh began to hunger strike indefinitely on the same day to protest against discrimination by high caste groups.

　　The incident originated on April 24th when the local people in Park Jung Su erected a statue of Ambedkar (a lawyer from "Dalit" background, known as "the father of Indian Constitution"), but it was opposed by the high caste community, and the statue was removed by unidentified people within a few hours. Moreover, because Da Park Jung Su people mainly work in agriculture but have no land, high-caste landowners refuse to continue to employ them.

　　On the 26th, New Delhi TV station paid attention to the reaction of Park Jung Su community in Bonda, the northern part of Cowend’s hometown. According to the article, Cowend’s inauguration as president has hardly caused repercussions in the village of Mubarakpur, where Park Jung Su people are the majority, and everyone can’t agree whether he will bring good luck to the people of Park Jung Su. A pharmacist in Da Park Jung Su mentioned that local villagers had recently built a separation wall. According to this report, in another Da Park Jung Su village 5 kilometers away, many people still don’t know who Cowende is.

　　Not only the people in Park Jung Su who are at the bottom, but also to many Indians, Cowend is a stranger. Some analysts said that the ruling People’s Party launched Cowende in order to win the votes of the "untouchables" in the 2019 general election. After all, there are 200 million people in this group. There are "untouchables" complaining. Instead of this, it is better to let "untouchables" enter the temple and get water from the well …

　

　

　　Participation in the situation-from discrimination to violence

　　"Dalits, like the word proletariat, stand for’ oppressed people’ and have been widely used in Indian society in recent years." Manorankin Mohanty, chairman of the Institute of China Studies in India and former professor of political science at Delhi University, said in an interview with the Global Times that "the Indian Constitution explicitly opposes caste discrimination, and the law allows Dalits to enter temples and fetch water, but that is only at the legal level. The discrimination against Dalits has not been eliminated in real life."

　　About 80% of Indians believe in Hinduism, and they were born in the caste order. According to the traditional teachings of Hinduism, people of high caste are polluted just by seeing Da Park Jung Su, let alone touching it. Da Park Jung Su had to carry a bag with him when he went out in ancient times, so as not to pollute the land. If they travel during the day, they should bring a bell and ring it in advance to remind people to avoid it.

　　Even today, in some Indian rural areas, if you see someone walking with their shoes in their hands instead of on their feet, it must be Da Park Jung Su. Because "Dalits" must be barefoot when they pass through the residential areas of high castes. There are also "untouchables" who ride through high-caste residential areas and have to get off and push them.

　　Walking around the Indian countryside, you will find that many villages are composed of two parts. Outside the village is a small residential area, and this "village outside the village" is the residence of "Dalits". Ordinary villagers generally don’t visit the homes of "Dalits", and "Dalits" don’t visit the village except to provide services. The temples used by ordinary villagers do not allow "untouchables" to enter, and the wells do not allow them to use them.

　　An article in The New York Times about Indian "caste discrimination" once told a case: a grieving father reported to the police that his daughter was missing, but the police asked, "What caste are you?" When he revealed that he belonged to a low caste, the police laughed at him and gave him no attention. A few hours later, the bodies of his 12-year-old daughter and 14-year-old niece were found hanging from a tree, and both were raped.

　　According to the article, the upper castes are rarely put into prison for raping da Park Jung Su people, and if they need to defend themselves, they can always find a statement: We will never touch women with lower castes. In a case in 1995, the accusation of gang rape made by a woman in Park Jung Su was rejected by the judge on the grounds that "it is impossible for an upper-caste person to rape a lower-caste woman to get dirty".

　　According to a report of the Indian National Human Rights Commission in 2010, crimes against Da Park Jung Su people occur every 18 minutes; On average, three da Park Jung Su women are raped and two are murdered every day. Park Jung Su people are not only worried about their safety, but also their overall quality of life is quite low: about 37% of Park Jung Su people live below the poverty line, 83 out of every 1,000 children in Park Jung Su die before their first year, and 12% do not live to their fifth year.

　　According to the statistics of the National Crime Records Bureau of the Indian Ministry of Interior, from 2009 to 2015, there were about 227,000 recorded crimes against Park Jung Su people. From 2009 to 2013, there were 3,194 murders in Da Park Jung Su, and 7,849 women in Da Park Jung Su were raped. Because the defendants and their supporters (including the police) destroyed evidence, obstructed trials and threatened witnesses, the conviction rate in these cases was very low.

　

　

　　Care-decades of "reservation policy"

　　Indian society does not turn a blind eye to what happened to the Da Park Jung Su people. After India’s independence in 1947, under the vigorous advocacy of the civil rights leader of Dalit, Ambedkar, the Indian Constitution not only explicitly stipulated that caste discrimination was illegal, but also implemented a "reservation policy" for Dalit and remote tribes, that is, reserved certain places for them in government departments, state-owned enterprises and institutions of higher learning. Because these ethnic groups are listed in the schedule of the Constitution, they are called "scheduled castes" and "scheduled tribes".

　　When visiting Nehru University in India, the Global Times reporter found that the proportion of care for "list castes" here is quite large. It can be said that nearly half of the students are "disadvantaged classes" who are taken care of, and many of them are far away from their hometowns in southern or northeastern India. The common feature of these students is that they are diligent and eager to learn.

　　The reporter has a doctor friend at Nehru University, with dark skin and a belief in Buddhism. Later, it was pointed out that those people who look "very Indian" but believe in Buddhism are probably from Park Jung Su, but they rarely mention their origins, but struggle silently.

　　In order to get rid of the fate of oppression, many people in Park Jung Su changed their religious beliefs. According to statistics, nearly 90% Buddhists, 1/3 Sikhs, 1/3 Catholics and most Muslims in India were once "untouchables". But on the whole, proselytes are still a minority.

　　The Indian government has promulgated many laws for the people of Park Jung Su, such as the Civil Rights Protection Act of 1955 and the Anti-Atrocities Act of 1989. In 2015, the amendment to the Anti-Atrocities Act clearly pointed out that Da Park Jung Su people have the right to use public facilities and have the right to enter religious places of worship. If anyone intentionally interferes, it will be considered as a violation of the Anti-Atrocities Act.

　　For decades, many efforts have made great achievements, especially the "reservation policy" has played a positive role in breaking the occupational hereditary caused by the caste system and improving the social status of "untouchables". Outstanding figures from "untouchable" backgrounds appear constantly. In politics, there are two presidents, the chief justice and the speaker. Mayawati, known as the "untouchable queen", has served as the chief minister of Uttar Pradesh, the most populous state, for four times.

　　The attention paid to "Dalits" can be seen from this presidential election. The Indian Express said that when the chairman of the People’s Party announced Cowend as a candidate, he mentioned his caste background 15 times, and the Congress Party was forced to introduce the candidate of Da Park Jung Su. "Being a Da Park Jung Su suddenly became a virtue of Indian politics."

　　However, in the eyes of some da Park Jung Su people, once the election is over, I’m afraid no one will continue to care about their situation. Moreover, although Da Park Jung Su people have a certain proportion of seats in the legislature, there are not many people who actively speak for them. On the one hand, these politicians are limited to belonging to different parties, on the other hand, they are afraid of their high-caste superiors.

　　Caste-at the core and secretive.

　　Some Indian scholars believe that the caste system can be said to be the core of Indian society to some extent. Just because it is at the "core", it can’t be seen on the surface, and it is secretly affecting the operation of this society. The caste system is very complicated. It is related to skin color but not absolute. It is related to occupation but not absolute.

　　A reporter from Global Times once saw a doctor in a hospital in New Delhi. He met a doctor with fair skin and elegant speech. Seeing that his signature was Sharma, he was basically a Brahmin. However, in contemporary India, there are also special cases in which Hindus from lower castes convert their families to other religions or even change their surnames. Sometimes in the workplace, people will consciously dilute the traces of caste, and some people with low castes like to "hide their names", such as all calling themselves "Kumar". A reporter from Global Times called the Indian Ministry of Foreign Affairs to find a staff member Mr. Kumar whom he had met before. As a result, there was laughter on the other end of the phone: There are more than a dozen Kumar in our office. Which one are you looking for?

　　Caste is a sensitive topic in India. If you ask Indians, many people will say that the caste system has died out and there is no caste discrimination. Many people are even more secretive about the situation of the "untouchables" at the bottom of the caste order. Recently, Global Times reporters interviewed several Indians, including two Indian journalists and a scholar, on the issue of untouchability, but they were all declined.

　　The complexity of the caste problem in India is also reflected in the "reverse discrimination" riots that have repeatedly erupted in recent years. At the beginning of last year, a high-caste ethnic group named Jat in Haryana strongly demanded to enjoy the preferential policies given by the state to low castes. Demonstrators blocked roads, burned down vehicle buildings and destroyed water delivery channels in many parts of the state, leaving tens of millions of people in the capital area facing water shortage.

　　Mohanty told the Global Times reporter that in cities, the situation of "Dalits" is much better, and many great scholars, writers, scientists, judges and civil servants all have the background of "Dalits". But in rural areas, discrimination is still common. It is a slow process to completely eliminate caste discrimination, which can not be achieved only by introducing legal provisions, but also by creating other corresponding conditions, such as land ownership and policy decision-making power.

　　Mohanty believes that the appearance of two "Dalit" presidents is undoubtedly an incentive to the "Dalit" class and enhances their "pride", but it can’t bring them benefits. Democratic elections and the "Dalit" rights movement have contributed to promoting social equality, but there is still a long way to go to achieve the goal of "eliminating caste" proposed by Ambedkar.