BEIJING, Beijing, July 29 (Xinhua) Recently, many provinces intensively announced the written test results of the 2022 civil service provincial examination. With the release of the written test results, some provinces also concentrated on the violations of disciplines and regulations of candidates investigated in the civil service examination. Many candidates intend to cancel the test results, and some candidates are restricted from applying for civil servants within five years.

　　The written test results of civil servants’ provincial examinations are intensively released.

　　From July 9 to 10 this year, more than 20 provinces across the country held the 2022 written civil service recruitment test. In some areas, the scale of civil service recruitment this year has expanded compared with previous years. Due to factors such as the postponement of the test and the increase in the enrollment scale for fresh graduates, the news about the results of the written civil service provincial examination this year has also attracted much attention.

　　In the past few days, more than ten provinces such as Hainan, Ningxia, Henan, Hebei and Shaanxi have intensively announced the written test results of this year’s civil service provincial examination, and the news of the provincial examination has frequently appeared on the online hot search list.

　　With the announcement of written test results, many regions have also announced the qualification review and interview time. For example, on July 27th, Hubei Province announced the written test scores and minimum qualified scores of provincial examinations, completed the qualification review before July 31st, and organized interviews from August 5th to 7th.

　　The interview of civil servants in Henan will be held from August 2 to 5, and the interviewees will be determined according to the ratio of the number of positions to the number of interviewees of 1: 3, and the written test scores will be determined from high to low. Those who have missed a subject, cheated or scored zero in the written test, and failed to reach the minimum qualified score, are not allowed to enter the interview.

　　The answers are the same, carrying cheating equipment, and investigating and dealing with disciplinary candidates.

　　With the release of the written test results of the civil service examination, some areas have also exposed the violations of discipline and discipline investigated during this examination and marking.

　　On July 18th, Hainan Provincial Examinations Bureau published a list of 50 candidates who violated the rules and regulations in the public examination in official website and their handling opinions. According to the announcement of disciplinary action against civil servants’ examination, there are 50 candidates in Hainan provincial examination who have violated disciplines and regulations in subjects such as administrative professional ability test, township application, public security major, etc., and it is planned to treat the relevant candidates with zero test scores.

　　These candidates’ violations of discipline and discipline include "continuing to answer questions after the end of the exam signal is issued", "the contents of the answers are the same" and "marking my information outside the prescribed position".

　　In Hubei, on July 21st, Hubei Provincial Civil Service Bureau and Hubei Provincial Personnel Examinations Institute successively issued two announcements on how to deal with violations of rules and regulations of civil servants’ written test takers, and planned to deal with violations of rules and regulations of 75 people.

　　Among them, 73 candidates have violated the rules and regulations or have been identified as candidates with the same answer sheet, and it is planned to give them "the treatment that the test score of this subject is zero"; Two candidates were found to be in violation of discipline and discipline, and it is proposed to cancel the qualification of this examination and limit the handling of applying for civil servants within five years.

　　On July 22, Shaanxi Personnel Testing Center also released the handling of candidates who violated the rules and regulations in the written examination of the provincial examination, and gave 56 candidates who had general violations of the rules and regulations "the examination results of this subject were invalid"; An applicant who carries "cheating equipment" in the examination room is given the treatment of "canceling the qualification of this examination and restricting the application for civil servants for five years"; For the 32 applicants who failed to approve their identity according to the regulations during and after the examination, the scores of related subjects will be 0.

　　What will civil servants face when they break their promises in exams?

　　For the handling of civil servant examination violations, the new version of the "Measures for Handling Civil Servant Recruitment Violations" issued by the Central Organization Department and the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security in September last year has detailed provisions. Among them, the behavior of "the test score of the subject (session) involved is zero" includes bringing items beyond the regulations into the examination room, failing to put them in the designated position as required after being reminded, failing to take the test in the designated seat, and continuing to answer questions after the test end signal is issued.

　　The disciplinary actions of "canceling the qualification of this examination and restricting the application within five years" include copying other people’s answer information or assisting others to copy answer information, viewing and eavesdropping on the text, audio-visual materials related to the examination brought into the examination room in violation of regulations, and using communication equipment or electronic equipment with calculation and storage functions that is prohibited.

　　Of course, there are also lifelong restrictions on taking the exam, including using forged, altered or stolen other people’s identity cards, admission tickets and other supporting materials to take the exam, taking the exam instead of others or letting others take the exam instead of themselves, illegally invading the exam information system or illegally obtaining, deleting, modifying and adding system data.

　　It is worth mentioning that for the identification of "identical papers", according to the provisions of this document, candidates who answer the same subject are identical in content and have other relevant evidence to prove that their cheating behavior is established, or may be given the treatment that they are not allowed to apply for civil servants for five years until life according to specific circumstances.

　　In fact, before the written examination of this year’s provincial examination was held, many provinces specifically mentioned the handling of identical papers in the pre-examination reminders. For example, Shaanxi reminds candidates before the exam. After the exam, technical means will be used to identify the same answer sheet. Those who are identified as the same answer sheet will be given invalid examination results, and will be dealt with according to relevant regulations according to the circumstances. Those who are plagiarized by others in the exam are judged to have the same answer sheet at their own risk. (End)

Special feature of 1905 film network Operated by the team, the animated film released on December 8 tells the story of a flying duck family who never stepped out of the pond and decided to move to Jamaica, a dream island. After they set off in high spirits, they were in a lot of trouble during the migration.

The film focuses on the themes of "family" and "growth", with dense jokes and entertaining. What kind of "duck" guide can the audience get from flying ducks?

Keywords "Flying ducks rush forward" — — Fun! Inspirational! Warm!

The film "Flying Duck Rushing Forward" is actually a film for all-age audiences. It has both the image of parents and children at home and the image of the elderly at home. Among the characters of different ages, different audiences can find an emotional resonance in it.

More importantly, the emotional theme displayed in Flying Duck Rushing Forward is rich enough, and children may find it very interesting in this adventure, while adults may have more feelings when watching Flying Duck Rushing Forward. In fact, it shows not so much seeing the world and others as seeing themselves, and discovering their true selves and potential by knowing the world.

The first thing that broke the circle of this film was the short video of "Ducks Playing My Going Out". The Chinese funny version of dubbing received nearly 700,000 praises, and some viewers even thought that Chinese dubbing was the soul.

"Mom, find a service station here. I’ll go to the toilet."

"Pull directly."

"This is really lacking in quality."

"You are a bird. What qualities do you want?"

"But I can’t take off my underpants flying like this."

"Don’t make me slap you in the nearest place to heaven."

The content of "Flying Duck Rushing Forward" circled in the short video platform is very interesting, especially life-oriented, that is, the family is on their way, but the duck sister has to go to the toilet after customs clearance, and the mother duck in the film is performing the usual life state of mothers.

A Guide to Happy Recognition of Ducks

The family of four in "Flying Duck Rushing Forward" has their own different personalities. For example, our father duck is "beware of ducks", and his skill is to tell scary stories. Through scary stories, he wants his children to avoid danger, in fact, he wants to protect them.

The second is our mother. This mother duck is a "duck rushing forward". She is a very brave and intelligent mother. At many critical moments, she will use her wisdom to negotiate with others to strive for the greatest interests for herself and then protect her family.

The third is my brother Dada, who wants to grow up as a duck. In many cases, he is particularly curious and brave about many things, especially hoping to prove to others that "I" is a little man.

The last one is the duck sister Guan Guan, who is a lovely "duck to hug". She is a very gentle and lovely little girl, but her inner energy is actually very powerful. It will melt the hard ice in adults’ hearts with its cuteness and gentleness.

The audience will feel that such a little girl is really pity and love, and will feel that she actually admires it. Because sometimes, as an adult, when you want to convey your feelings to others, you may be embarrassed to say "Come on, let’s hug."

However, this duckling can use such a lovely and warm way to amplify his little energy, so that adults can also be full of forward energy and dare to express their feelings directly.

A guide to skillfully understanding "duck"

Although the protagonist of this film is a duck, it actually discusses very complicated human emotions and family relationships. I believe that each character can also resonate with the audience, so that everyone can release pressure in the movie.

From the perspective of mothers, the process of watching "Flying Duck Rushing Forward" is actually a process of unloading pressure. In fact, when parents accompany their children to grow up, it is a process of watching their children’s backs, watching them grow up, then gradually leaving themselves and showing themselves in the bigger world.

At the same time, it is also less anxious. Many parents will worry about "what should I do if my child grows up and seems to be far away from me" when their children grow up, but "Flying Ducks Rush Forward" tells parents that as a family, our hearts are always together, no matter how far away from each other physically, we love each other and give each other great strength, which is enough.

The whole film wisely arranges a different dilemma in life: in the beginning of the film, the audience may think that the heron is a terrible enemy, but when approaching it, they find that the heron has various personalities and may encounter a different heron. Don’t just listen to rumors, you should really believe what you see.

The second story is more realistic. When ducks enter the metropolis, they often encounter wrestling and competition. You and others are always competing for the same thing. What should you do at this time? Perhaps the most common choice is to fight bravely or give up and leave.

But this story gives a third answer. Mother Duck tells her children with the wisdom of sharing, and also tells the audience that there may be a fairer third choice in life besides competition and giving up, that is, learning to share.

In the third story, ducks meet bird friends during their journey — — Parrots need family members to unite to rescue them. It is during the rescue process that the audience can see how each family member exerts their unique abilities and realizes such a cohesive force as "one plus one is greater than two".

In every sense, "Flying Duck Rushing Forward" is very suitable as a "Mom YEATION" film in winter. Because it is not only suitable for mothers to take their children to see, but also suitable for mothers to take the whole family, old and young.

When the whole family walks into the cinema together, my mother will think, "I really held a very successful family activity." Because every family member can feel a harvest and a joy in the process of watching movies.

There is not only an adventure theme in this film, which makes us not afraid of difficulties; There is also the theme of family affection. Let’s return to the family and look for energy from our loved ones. Therefore, "Flying Duck Rushing Forward" is a film with both challenges and energy, so that families can share joy and burn warmth together in winter.

There are many ways to eliminate the tire pressure lamp of Golf 7.

First of all, you can operate through the navigation system: open the navigation, click the menu, find the original car settings, there will be tire pressure options, click to enter and follow the prompts to eliminate the operation. Secondly, if you change the music system, you can find the original car information button inside, find the tire button after entering, then enter to see the TPMS settings, click reset and press OK. In addition, you can also operate through the buttons on the steering wheel: first press an upward arrow on the left side of the steering wheel, then press the R key on the table, and then press the plus sign on the right side of the steering wheel to restart the vehicle to eliminate the tire pressure light. Finally, you can also find the multi-function steering wheel for reset operation. These methods can effectively eliminate the tire pressure lamp of golf 7.

　　The Central Financial Work Conference emphasized that finance is the blood of the national economy and an important part of the country’s core competitiveness. It is necessary to speed up the construction of a financial power, comprehensively strengthen financial supervision, improve the financial system, optimize financial services, prevent and resolve risks, unswervingly follow the road of financial development with China characteristics, promote the high-quality development of China’s finance, and provide strong support for comprehensively promoting the construction of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation with Chinese modernization.

　　Finance is related to the overall development. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, under the centralized and unified leadership of the CPC Central Committee, the financial system has strongly supported the overall situation of economic and social development, resolutely fought a tough battle to prevent and resolve major risks, and made important contributions to building a well-off society in an all-round way as scheduled and achieving the goal of the first century. At the same time, we should be soberly aware that various contradictions and problems in the financial field are intertwined and affect each other, and some of them are still outstanding. There are still many hidden dangers in economic and financial risks, the quality and efficiency of financial services to the real economy are not high, financial chaos and corruption are repeatedly banned, and financial supervision and governance capabilities are weak. At present, the great changes in the world that have never happened in a century are accelerating, and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation has entered a critical period. The financial system should effectively improve its political stance, be mindful of "the country’s greatest", strengthen its mission, and help build a strong country and national rejuvenation with high-quality financial development.

　　Provide high-quality financial services for economic and social development.Financial activities, economic activities; Financial stability and economic stability. Serving the real economy is the bounden duty and fundamental purpose of finance. To provide high-quality services for economic and social development, finance should work hard on "three efforts": to create a good monetary and financial environment and effectively strengthen high-quality financial services for major strategies, key areas and weak links; Strive to build a modern financial institution and market system, and dredge the channels for funds to enter the real economy; Efforts will be made to promote high-level financial openness and ensure national financial and economic security. The "three efforts" anchor the goal of accelerating the construction of a financial power, point out the path to promote high-quality financial development, and clearly put forward a series of measures such as maintaining the stability of monetary policy, optimizing the structure of capital supply, doing five major articles on technology and finance, green finance, inclusive finance, pension finance and digital finance, creating a financial market with unified rules and coordinated supervision, and steadily expanding the institutional opening of the financial sector. These measures will further enhance the ability of finance to support the development of the real economy and support high-quality development with high-quality financial services.

　　Comprehensively strengthen financial supervision and effectively prevent and resolve financial risks.Preventing and resolving financial risks is the fundamental task and the eternal theme of financial work. The CPC Central Committee has continuously improved the financial supervision system, promoted a new round of reform of financial supervision institutions, and provided institutional and institutional guarantee for comprehensively strengthening financial supervision and effectively preventing and defusing financial risks. The Central Financial Work Conference made a series of new arrangements for preventing and resolving financial risks. For example, all financial activities should be regulated in accordance with the law, the risks of small and medium-sized financial institutions should be dealt with in time, a long-term mechanism to prevent and resolve local debt risks should be established, the main supervision system and fund supervision of real estate enterprises should be improved, the issuance and trading behavior of financial markets should be standardized, the relationship between rights and responsibilities, speed and stability should be well grasped, and the early correction mechanism of financial risks with hard constraints should be improved. These measures have responded to social hot issues and released the signal of strong supervision and strict supervision, which will definitely enhance the supervision ability and effectiveness. The financial system should take the opportunity of institutional reform, strive to build a complete, scientific, standardized and efficient financial supervision system, and firmly hold the bottom line that systemic financial risks will not occur.

　　Strengthen the centralized and unified leadership of the CPC Central Committee over financial work.The Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership is the greatest advantage of the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system, and strengthening the centralized and unified leadership of the CPC Central Committee over financial work is the fundamental guarantee for doing a good job in financial work. Strengthening the party’s overall leadership over financial work and strengthening the system theory and overall view in financial management work are conducive to transforming our political and institutional advantages into financial governance efficiency. It is necessary to improve the system and mechanism of the Party’s leading financial work, give full play to the role of the Central Financial Committee, and do a good job in overall planning, coordination and control. Give full play to the role of the Central Financial Work Committee and earnestly strengthen party building in the financial system. Give full play to the role of the financial committees and financial working committees of local party committees and implement territorial responsibilities. It is necessary to forge a team of high-quality professional financial cadres who are loyal and clean, vigorously carry forward Chinese excellent traditional culture in the financial system, strengthen the construction of financial rule of law, and provide talent support, cultural nourishment and rule of law guarantee for the development of financial undertakings.

How to play football is something that beginners want to study hard. If you want to play football well, you should mainly practice hard. Only by persistence can you play football more professionally. However, before playing football, you need to exercise first, including running and walking, and then learn the essentials of football. You can really learn to play football according to the rules, but there are many rules of playing football, so just remember the essentials.

Playing football is a good exercise. Before playing football, you should exercise well and prepare clothes and shoes for playing football. Appropriate clothes and shoes are essential equipment. If you don’t wear them properly, you will be more likely to get injured. We are all ready. Let’s briefly introduce the essentials and contact methods of playing football, hoping to help you play football.

Top ball refers to the technical action that the athlete touches the ball continuously with all effective parts of his body and controls it so that the ball does not land as much as possible. Topping the ball is a kind of practice means for athletes to be familiar with the ball, so as to enhance the elasticity of the ball. Weight, spin and touch the ball, the feeling of hard and light collar when hitting the ball.

Technical action essentials

1. Foot-to-toe ball: the foot swings forward and upward, and hits the ball with the instep. When hitting the ball, the ankle joint is fixed and the lower part of the ball is hit. Two feet can hit the ball alternately, or one foot can support and the other foot can hit the ball continuously. When hitting the ball evenly, keep the ball around your body all the time.

2. Inside and outside of both feet: lift your legs and bend your knees, swing up with the inside or outside of your feet, and hit the ball at the lower part of the ball alternately with the inside or outside of your feet.

3。 Hip ball: lift your legs and bend your knees, and hit the lower part of the ball upward with the middle and front part of the thigh. Both legs can alternately hit the ball, or you can support it with one foot and hit the ball continuously with the thigh on the other side.

4. Head ball: the feet are open, the knees are slightly flexed, and the lower part of the ball is continuously topped with the forehead. When heading the ball, keep your eyes on the ball and your arms open naturally to maintain your balance.

5. Continuous dribbling of each part: According to the above-mentioned single-dribbling technique, it is more difficult to match each part with continuous dribbling. The parts of the ball are instep, medial foot, lateral foot, thigh, head, chest, shoulders and so on.

Easy to make mistakes

L. when the foot hits the ball, the ankle joint is slack, resulting in unstable exertion.

2. When hitting the ball, the toes hook down or up, causing the ball to touch the body forward or backward after being stressed, making it difficult to control the ball.

3. Other parts of the body are not relaxed enough when bouncing the ball, so that the movements are stiff.

4. When the head bounces the ball, the leg, body and neck are not coordinated, only relying on the neck.

Example of practice method

1. One person, one ball: experience the time, position, power and coordination of the whole action of touching the ball.

2. Two people with one ball: touch the ball with the instep, thighs, head and all parts of the body, master the power of touching the ball and try not to let the ball fall to the ground. Everyone can touch the ball once and bounce it to the other side, or touch the ball many times and bounce each other.

3. A group of four or five people, with two balls in the circle: you can specify the number and position of each person touching the ball, and you can also freely master the number and position of touching the ball. Pay attention to the observation when bouncing the ball to prevent two balls from bouncing to the same partner at the same time.

Everyone knows how to play football, but remember to pay attention to safety. There are many people who play football, and they are very tired when running. It is easy to get injured. If you are injured, you should seek medical attention in time. You must not continue playing football until the injury has fully recovered. After all, the premise of exercise is to be healthy.

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Extremely popular journalist Xu Ping.

On the evening of September 12th, 2023, the 2023 International Football Friendly Tournament was held at the Phoenix Mountain Professional Football Stadium in Chengdu. Compared with the Malaysian team, the China men’s soccer team had a good attitude, but the strength was not enough for them to score goals. In the end, it lost to the Syrian team 0-1, which was the first time that the national football team lost to its opponent in the warm-up match.

In the last World War I with Malaysia, the national football team scored a goal first, and with the help of Lin Liangming’s long-range shot from the front of the restricted area, it drew 1-1 with its opponent. At the last moment of the game, the national football team needlessly dropped the ball in the backcourt, which aroused the dissatisfaction of the fans on the scene and sent a burst of boos, thinking that they were "not enterprising".

In this game, the attitude of the national football team has been greatly improved, and it has done its best at both ends of attack and defense. At the press conference before the game, jankovic and Wu Lei both expressed their hope for the fans to fight for the next victory.

yan junling

Compared with Malaysia, which ranks 136th in the world, Syria, which ranks 94th, is stronger, and the national football team is not sure of winning. In the first half, the two sides drew 0-0. Yi bian fought again, and the two sides continued to fall into a dogfight. In the 58th minute, Kruma suddenly shot an arrow in the back. Although Yan Junling flew to save the ball at the first time, the ball went straight into the net in a dead corner, leaving China behind 0-1. In fact, before this, the Syrian team had scored a goal, but after the intervention of VAR, it was ruled that the offside goal was invalid.

After the score fell behind, the national football team’s offensive became more prosperous, but it was still unable to score goals. In the end, the national football team had to accept the result of failure. At the press conference after the match, jankovic, the head coach of the national football team, commented on the match: After the match with Malaysia, I asked the players to improve their pace and energy. Today is bad luck, we didn’t win the game, and of course we fought very hard. We tried many changes and worked hard in the end. We can’t say that we didn’t have a chance in the end, but we were unlucky and didn’t score in the end.

In response to a reporter’s choice of goalkeeper, jankovic said that he can only say congratulations on Syria’s world wave, which neither Yan Junling nor Wang Dalei could reach there. Jankovic also said that it was a competitive game and collected useful information for the future. Congratulations to the Syrian team, which also fought hard and won the away game. We must have struggled to lose at home, and now we can only look on the positive side and continue to work hard.

(Source: Xinhua News Agency data map)

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In June, 2022, the Beijing News Book Review Weekly and Cultural Living Room joined hands with Century Wenjing to jointly launch the theme activity "Going back to the time and going to the scene: the gaze and writing of history". When the stagnant time restarts, we take "history" as a method to reposition ourselves. 5 online activities, 12 famous guests, spanning history and stories, fields and texts, art and archaeology.

In the third session of the series, Yu Yunguo, a professor at the School of Humanities of Shanghai Normal University, and Lin Hu, an associate researcher at the Institute of Ancient History of the China Academy of Social Sciences, shared the theme of "Accident and Inevitability Behind the Rise and Fall of Northern Song Society". Speaking of the Song Dynasty, Chen Yinque once praised: "The culture of the Chinese nation has evolved for thousands of years and reached its peak in the Zhao and Song Dynasties." Then, how did it turn from prosperity to decline in the middle and late period, and it struggled in internal and external worries?

Looking back at the history of the Northern Song Dynasty, we will find that: internally, the traditional characteristics of attaching importance to civil administration in the Northern Song Dynasty are distinct, and Wang Anshi’s political reform was even more turbulent; Externally, it has been confronted with Liao and Xixia for a long time, and the interactive game between them is intriguing. When we get rid of the historical fog and return to the historical scene, the possibilities and inevitability in the historical process are worth pondering. At the same time, we may also be able to reflect on the development and evolution of the historical research concepts behind it.

"The interpretation of history is diverse." During the dialogue, Yu Yunguo and Lin Gu repeatedly emphasized this proposition. So, what does this "diversity" mean? For the public, it has long been a cliche that the same historical event can be explained from different angles, but despite being mentioned many times, when facing the specific historical context, one-dimensional interpretation still prevails. In Yu Yunguo’s view, this kind of "pluralism" actually means that there is no so-called "inevitable historical process", which is particularly evident in the social rise and fall of the Northern Song Dynasty.

As far as historical events are concerned, "pluralism" means opening to complex dynamics, and it needs to be studied from different angles to fully present it. Why is it said that the alliance of Chanyuan in the history of the Northern Song Dynasty may be "unyielding but not humiliating"? And how should we view the relationship between Qingli New Deal and Wang Anshi’s political reform?

As far as individuals in history are concerned, "diversity" also means facing up to the complexity of people. Sima Guang, who finished the famous historian Zi Zhi Tong Jian, is a great historian, but from the perspective of politicians, how should we evaluate his image? Song Shenzong’s likes and dislikes in the battle of Yongle City are well known, but above the court, he also has a mature side as a king.

"Going back to the historical process, what we should learn is a kind of compromise and balance." Yu Yunguo said frankly, only in this way can the so-called political wisdom finally turn into a kind of wisdom, and truly feed back the individual’s life. Lin Gu also said that only by looking at one’s life through political history can one truly touch the contingency and inevitability in the historical process.

Foreign relations in the Northern Song Dynasty: the alliance of Chanyuan was "unyielding but not humiliating", and the celebration of the calendar increased money or became a watershed.

In the political history of the Northern Song Dynasty, how to deal with its own relationship with Liao and Xixia has always been controversial. According to traditional historiography, since the beginning of the alliance of Chanyuan, the Northern Song Dynasty seems to have opened its humiliating road to peace. However, in recent years, many historians have called for a re-evaluation of the historical significance of the alliance of Chanyuan. In the dialogue, Lin Huan believed that the alliance of Chanyuan was actually "unyielding and not humiliating".

League of Chanyuan: In 1005, the Northern Song Dynasty signed a contract with Liao. Song and Liao were brotherly countries, with Baigou River as the border. Song provided Liao with 102,000 silver and 200,000 silks (in fact, they were old coins) every year. After more than a hundred years, there was no large-scale war between Song and Liao.

Lin Gu mentioned that in the initial confrontation between the Song and Liao Dynasties, the Northern Song Dynasty was not necessarily inferior. As far as the comparison of military strength between the two sides is concerned, the Liao army at that time actually avoided Song Jun’s main force and went around to the Yellow River. There was no large-scale military conflict between the two sides along the way, and the comparison of combat strength lacked intuitive presentation. On the other hand, Song also prepared for the decisive battle with Liao, and the speculation that Song people abandoned the city and fled in the traditional interpretation is open to question.

Then, back to the historical context, do people really think that the alliance of Chanyuan is a shame? By combing the relevant historical materials, Lin Gu found that Song Zhenzong and most courtiers were actually very satisfied with this, which ended the chaotic war situation in the north for more than 200 years and re-entered a new stage of relative stability. This also explains the original intention of the "Book of Heaven" in the near future, and the whole country celebrated a long-lost peace. It was not that the Song Dynasty tried to show the superiority of the cultural level through ritual activities because it thought that the alliance of the Yuan Dynasty was humiliated. Although this activity gradually went out of shape, it consumed a lot of financial and material resources and became a farce.

"Celestial Book" Sacrifice: Since 1008, Song Zhenzong has carried out a decade-long "Celestial Book" sacrifice activity, with a grand ceremony to seal Mount Tai to the east, and then went to Shanxi to worship the afterlife.

Song Zhenzong statue, the third emperor of the Northern Song Dynasty.

Lin Hu added that only by fine-tuning the judgment of the alliance of Chanyuan and other events can we deeply understand the social mood in the late Song Dynasty. After the signing of the Covenant, the illusion of permanent peace pervaded the Song people for a long time, so that after hitting the cold reality in the later period, they still couldn’t come back.

In this regard, Yu Yunguo recognized the rationality and progressive significance of the alliance at the initial stage, but he also mentioned that the interpretation of political history needs to be cut from multiple levels. Taking the sacrifice of "Tianshu" as an example, in addition to "celebrating peace", the rhetoric of the alliance under the city will inevitably stir up Song Zhenzong’s emotions, which makes the sacrifice itself contain the meaning of psychological compensation. In addition, it was obvious that the Great Song Dynasty at that time also hoped to improve its position in the East Asian political circle, which constituted another aspect of the "sacred book".

So, from a long-term historical perspective, what is the impact of the alliance of Eton on the foreign relations of the Northern Song Dynasty?

According to historical records, the alliance of Chanyuan actually ushered in new changes soon. During the period of Song Renzong, when Song and Xia became hostile, Liao took advantage of the fire to propose to increase the annual currency on the basis of the alliance of Chanyuan, and the Northern Song Dynasty finally compromised, which was called "increasing the currency by celebrating the calendar" in history. Traditional historiography holds that the revision of this agreement brought the three regimes of Song, Liao and Xixia back into balance. However, in Lin Gu’s view, the increase of coins in Qingli was more like a watershed in the political history of the Northern Song Dynasty, but it actually broke the previous relative pattern.

Song Renzong in film and television dramas. Song Renzong was the fourth emperor of the Northern Song Dynasty. During his reign, the Northern Song Dynasty and Xia signed a "Qingli Peace Negotiation" to increase the annual currency to Liao, and later appointed Fan Zhongyan and others to carry out the "Qingli New Deal".

Lin Gu noticed that the transformation of this relative pattern originated from words. On the one hand, in the alliance of Chanyuan, it was equal help to pay the old coins in the name of "help" in the North Song Dynasty, but this expression was replaced by "Na" in the increase of coins in Qingli, and the position of the word difference was very different. On the other hand, half of the increased 200,000-year-old coins came from Liao in the Song Dynasty, asking the latter to come forward and subdue Xixia’s "hard work". This move essentially broke the original equal relationship between Song and Liao Dynasties.

"This is equivalent to the Liao Dynasty completely becoming the boss, while the Song Dynasty became the younger brother who needed to seek asylum."

Yu Yunguo affirmed Lin Gu’s observation. He thought that it was a new viewpoint in the history of history of the Northern Song Dynasty to regard the increase of coins in the Qing Dynasty as a watershed. This judgment was helpful to re-examine the internal turning point of politics in the Northern Song Dynasty, which gradually took root in the people’s ideas and evolved into a long-lasting "fear of Liao" that permeated the ruling and opposition parties in the Northern Song Dynasty, and even had the same origin as the "fear of gold" in the Southern Song Dynasty. However, Yu Yunguo also suggested that the relationship among Song, Liao and Xixia should be viewed as a whole in the context of internal and external interaction, which was also continuously influenced by the internal political and social trends of the Northern Song Dynasty.

The internal affairs reform in the Northern Song Dynasty: The Qing Li New Deal laid the groundwork, but Wang Anshi’s political reform was powerless.

In the late Northern Song Dynasty, a series of persistent ailments appeared in the social process, which made the political reform imperative. However, whether it was Qingli New Deal or Wang Anshi’s political reform, these attempts failed to reverse the decline of Song Dynasty from prosperity to decline. Tracing back to the source, people often blame Wang Anshi for the demise of the Northern Song Dynasty. Song Gaozong even said in the Southern Song Dynasty: "The chaos in the world was born in Anshi." In this regard, Yu Yunguo believes that although Wang Anshi’s political performance in the process of political reform needs to be discussed, Wang Anshi’s political reform should be affirmed on the whole.

In Yu Yunguo’s view, on the one hand, in terms of the background of the times, Wang Anshi’s political reform is very necessary. With the easing of the political crisis in Song, Liao and Xixia countries, as well as the civil mutiny, Fan Zhongyan’s Qingli New Deal was pressed to pause. However, the deep-seated social problems have not been eradicated, which became the premise of Wang Anshi’s political reform.

On the other hand, the final failure of the political reform was influenced by many factors. The difficulty lies in the cooperation with the members of the class while damaging the vested interests, which determines that the political reform itself must need the support from Song Shenzong. "Simply attributing the problem to Wang Anshi is actually going beyond the original problem to talk about another problem. In the final analysis, there is a problem with the way of thinking."

In addition, the traditional view holds that Wang Anshi’s political reform was the beginning of party struggle in the Northern Song Dynasty. Lin Gu said that in fact, the atmosphere of party struggle in the Northern Song Dynasty had been formed before the Qingli New Deal, and the party disputes represented by Fan Zhongyan and Lv Yijian were once raging. However, today’s people are more willing to attribute the beginning of party struggle to Wang Anshi’s political reform. First, Wang Anshi’s influence on the politics of the Northern Song Dynasty is more lasting. Second, during the Qingli New Deal, Fan Zhongyan, Ouyang Xiu and others were the main force of party struggle. Later in life, they denied their earlier personal opinions, but Wang Anshi was involved in the party struggle for a long time and even became more and more intense.

Although the party struggle was particularly obvious in the political history of the Song Dynasty in general, Yu Yunguo suggested that this phenomenon was actually an unavoidable problem in the study of the ancient autocratic monarchy. In his view, the actual operation of absolute monarchy depends on the support of the bureaucratic system of scholar-officials. In this process, it is almost an unavoidable choice for scholar-officials to win the favor of the monarch in order to better carry out their political opinions.

In order to ensure the effective combination of the autocratic monarchy system and the bureaucratic system of scholar-officials, the system of "remonstrating with officials" was initiated in the Song Dynasty, and this system once reached the best operation state in the middle and early Song Dynasty. But since Wang Anshi’s political reform, the operation of this system has gradually deteriorated. In order to promote the political reform, Wang Anshi pushed out all the Taiwan remonstrators who criticized the new law. Since then, Taiwan’s remonstrance officer, an outsider who used to act as a supervisor and constraint, has become a puppet following the political opinions of the minister in charge. Yu Yunguo said that with the disappearance of the impartiality and objectivity of the whole platform remonstrance system in the Northern Song Dynasty, extreme emotional confrontation and empty political ideas became the keynote of talking in court, which gradually aggravated the sense of crisis in the internal affairs of the Song Dynasty.

Individuals in the historical process: multiple explanations point to the complexity of people themselves.

As far as the change of internal affairs and diplomacy in the Northern Song Dynasty is concerned, the pluralistic interpretation of history always calls for different judgments on the same event. For individuals in the historical process, pluralism often points to the complexity of people themselves. How should future generations evaluate the limitations of individuals in the great era? In the conversation between Yu Yunguo and Lin Gu, both of them think that our understanding of historical figures today may be far from enough.

For example, Sima Guang, who presided over the "Genghua of Yuan You", as a historian, made outstanding contributions in compiling Zi Zhi Tong Jian, but as the first minister of political reform in the late Northern Song Dynasty, it is worth discussing. After Sima Guang came to power, he tried to completely abolish the original exemption law within five days. "This kind of quick success and instant benefit is really not a decision that a politician will make."

Yuan Yougeng: During the period of Song Zhezong (the seventh emperor of the Northern Song Dynasty), the old party headed by Sima Guang overthrew Wang Anshi’s political reform and restored the old legal system.

Exemption law: a law promulgated by Wang Anshi during the political reform period, in which the corvee can be exempted from the corvee at the expense of the government.

When it comes to the political history of the Northern Song Dynasty, the evaluation of Song Shenzong has always been controversial. What is the historical position of the emperor who wanted to do something most in the Northern Song Dynasty after Song Taizu? Yu Yunguo analyzed the emperor’s complexity by taking the opening of Xihe River as an example. During the Song Shenzong period, with the support of Prime Minister Wang Anshi and presided over by Wang Shao, the Song Dynasty successively recovered six states, namely Dang, Dui, Taohe, Min, He and Lin (Xi), which was called "Xihe River opens the border" in history. However, this sport, which now seems to be strategically desirable and has achieved good results, is actually suspicious in the end.

Lin Gu also said that the problem of opening the Xihe River lies in Song Shenzong’s wrong expectation of this strategy, which he tried to make Xixia be attacked between Scylla and Charybdis, and to destroy Xixia in one fell swoop to achieve reunification. However, after the Northern Song Dynasty suffered successive defeats in Lingzhou and Yongle City, Song Shenzong turned a blind eye and remained immersed in the illusion of the destruction of Xixia.

Song Shenzong statue. Song Shenzong, the sixth emperor of the Northern Song Dynasty.

In contrast, Song Shenzong was totally different when dealing with the relationship with Liao. When confronting the Liao army, its arrogance in the face of Xixia was completely replaced by the fear of being afraid of everything. In other words, "Liao phobia" seems to be particularly prominent in Song Shenzong. Yu Yunguo analyzed that in the issue of Liao, Song Shenzong actually showed a "humble" attitude, but this mentality imbalance was unexpectedly rebalanced on the Xixia issue. When facing Xixia, he seemed to be the superior who felt good about himself. The more polarized one end is, the opposite end will gallop in the opposite direction. This is an incomprehensible behavior to others, and the parties actually get psychological compensation and balance from it.

| Extended reading |

Water Margin for Song Dynasty

Author: Yu Yunguo

Press: Century Wenjing | Shanghai People’s Publishing House

Worry: Border Affairs, Party Struggle and Politics in Northern Song Dynasty

Author: Lin gue

Press: Century Wenjing | Shanghai People’s Publishing House

Finishing/Shen Lu

Editor/Lv Wanting

Proofreading/Liu Jun